Publications by authors named "J A Beall"
Clinical trials of treatments for stroke have generally utilized 2-arm, randomized designs to evaluate a single intervention against a control. Running separate clinical trials, with each addressing a single therapeutic question, is resource intensive and slows evidence generation, especially in a field with rapidly expanding treatment options and evolving practices. Platform trials-randomized clinical trials designed to evaluate multiple interventions that may enter and exit the ongoing platform based on a master protocol-accelerate the investigation of multiple therapeutic options within a single infrastructure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Simons Observatory (SO) is a cosmic microwave background instrumentation suite in the Atacama Desert of Chile. More than 65,000 polarization-sensitive transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers will be fielded in the frequency range spanning 27 to 280 GHz, with three separate dichroic designs. The mid-frequency 90/150 GHz and ultra-high-frequency 220/280 GHz detector arrays, fabricated at NIST, account for 39 of 49 total detector modules and implement the feedhorn-fed orthomode transducer-coupled TES bolometer architecture.
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- Scientists studied the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect using data from two telescopes, the South Pole Telescope and Herschel-SPIRE, covering a large area in the sky.
- They found a strong signal indicating that there is a trispectrum, which is a kind of pattern in the data, but it had contributions from other sources too, like cosmic microwave background lensing and foregrounds.
- By analyzing the data, they couldn't find just the kSZ signal alone, but they set limits on how long the reionization period lasted in the early universe, which helps us understand its history better.
Background: Multi-Arm, Multi-Stage (MAMS) clinical trial designs allow for multiple therapies to be compared across a spectrum of clinical trial phases. MAMS designs fall under several overarching design groups, including adaptive designs (AD) and multi-arm (MA) designs. Factorial clinical trials designs represent a combination of factorial and MAMS trial designs and can provide increased efficiency relative to fixed, traditional designs.
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- Cerebral infarction is a major concern for patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), affecting over half of these patients as observed in a study of national data from 2016 to 2021.* -
- There has been a significant increase in the occurrence of cerebral infarction among patients with SAH over the study period, impacting outcomes such as lower chances of routine discharge and worse overall outcomes, although in-hospital mortality rates remained unchanged.* -
- Patients who developed cerebral infarction experienced longer hospital stays and higher hospitalization costs compared to those without cerebral infarction, indicating a substantial economic impact on healthcare resources.*