Promotion of beta cell proliferation through DYRK kinase inhibition using the marine natural product breitfussin C.

Pro-inflammatory cytokines, like interleukin-1 beta and interferon gamma, are known to activate signalling pathways causing pancreatic beta cell death and dysfunction, contributing to the onset of diabetes. Targeting cytokine signalling pathways offers a potential strategy to slow or even halt disease progression, reducing reliance on exogenous insulin and improving glucose regulation. This study explores the protective and proliferative effects of breitfussin C (BfC), a natural compound isolated from the Arctic marine hydrozoan Thuiaria breitfussi, on pancreatic beta cells exposed to pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Molecularly redefining small bowel adenocarcinoma to accelerate precision patient care - protocol of a multicenter observational cohort biomarker study.

Background: Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma (SBA) is a rare gastrointestinal cancer with a limited understanding of the molecular pathology. This study aims to bridge the knowledge gap, providing a robust molecular foundation for SBA and addressing the clinical challenges inherent in treating this orphan disease. The study proposes to redefine the clinical management for SBA patients through advanced molecular profiling techniques to improve potential precision medicine.

Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Thyroid Cancer: An International Multisite Cohort Study.

Concerns have been raised that glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) may increase the risk of thyroid cancer, but evidence remains conflicting. We therefore investigated if GLP1-RA use, compared with use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is), was associated with thyroid cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. This multisite cohort study with subsequent meta-analysis included six population-based databases from Canada (Ontario), Denmark, Norway, South Korea, Sweden, and Taiwan.

Ganglioside GD2 Contributes to a Stem-Like Phenotype in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.

Background & Aims: GD2, a member of the ganglioside (GS) family (sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids), is a potential biomarker of cancer stem cells (CSC) in several tumours. However, the possible role of GD2 and its biosynthetic enzyme, GD3 synthase (GD3S), in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) has not been explored.

Methods: The stem-like subset of two iCCA cell lines was enriched by sphere culture (SPH) and compared to monolayer parental cells (MON).