Streak Metal Artifact Reduction Technique in Cone Beam Computed Tomography Images after Endovascular Neurosurgery.

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images are degraded by artifacts due to endovascular implants. We evaluated the use of streak metal artifact reduction technique (SMART) in non-contrast CBCT images after endovascular neurosurgery obtained from 148 patients (125 with aneurysm and 23 with dural arteriovenous fistula [dAVF]). Three neurosurgeons evaluated the cistern and brain surface visibility in CBCT images with and without SMART correction based on a 4-point scale (1, excellent; 2, good; 3, limited; and 4, insufficient).

Evaluation of the Straightening Phenomenon of Various Types of Coils.

The straightening phenomenon is known as a cause of catheter kickback in the late phase of coil embolization. The mechanism is supposed to be the relative shortage of the stretch resistance (SR) line, and it occurs when a coil is folded too small. Among many SR coils available, there should be a coil-specific tendency to cause this phenomenon.

FRET-Based Detection and Quantification of HIV-1 Virion Maturation.

HIV-1 infectivity is achieved through virion maturation. Virus particles undergo structural changes via cleavage of the Gag polyprotein mediated by the viral protease, causing the transition from an uninfectious to an infectious status. The majority of proviruses in people living with HIV-1 treated with combination antiretroviral therapy are defective with large internal deletions.

High-Precision Automated Workflow for Urinary Untargeted Metabolomic Epidemiology.

Urine is a noninvasive biofluid that is rich in polar metabolites and well suited for metabolomic epidemiology. However, because of individual variability in health and hydration status, the physiological concentration of urine can differ >15-fold, which can pose major challenges in untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics. Although numerous urine normalization methods have been implemented (e.

Case-control study of postprocedural arterial puncture site hemorrhage after neuroendovascular treatment.

Puncture site hemorrhage following femoral artery catheterization is a significant cause of morbidity. The aim of this case-control study was to identify predictors of postprocedural arterial hemorrhage at the puncture site. We retrospectively reviewed 255 patients who underwent endovascular treatment at our institution over a 23-month period and classified them into a hemorrhage group and a non-hemorrhage group.

Analysis of relationship between superior hypophyseal artery visualization and preservation and postoperative visual field deficit in paraclinoid aneurysm.

Direct surgery for paraclinoid aneurysms can result in visual field deficit owing to compromised blood flow to the superior hypophyseal artery (SHA). However, it is rarely visualized in angiography, and discussions regarding its preservation in the field of neuro-endovascular treatment are limited. Biplane angiographic suite with high spatial resolution has been used at our institution since 2014.

Development and clinical evaluation of a contactless operating interface for three-dimensional image-guided navigation for endovascular neurosurgery.

Purpose: In endovascular neurosurgery, the operator often acquires three-dimensional (3D) images of the cerebral vessels. Although workstation reoperation is required in some situations during treatment, it leads to time loss because a sterile condition cannot be maintained and treatment must be temporarily interrupted. Therefore, a workstation reoperating system is required while maintaining the desired sterility.

Short-segment Internal Trapping for Symptomatic Thrombosed Large Fusiform Vertebral Artery Aneurysms (Bird's Nest Trapping): A Technical Note.

Internal trapping with coils is an established treatment of symptomatic large non-branching thrombosed fusiform vertebral artery aneurysms (VAA). However, when perforators arise near the aneurysm neck, parent artery occlusion has a high risk of causing medullary infarction. As an alternative treatment, we performed short-segment internal trapping of the artery using n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) and coils (bird's nest trapping).

Ipsilateral late stroke after revascularization surgery for patients with Moyamoya disease.

Background: Ipsilateral late stroke events occurring after cerebral revascularization for Moyamoya disease (MMD) and their risk factors have not been fully investigated.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 123 patients with MMD who underwent 212 revascularizations. We investigated preoperative demographic data, surgical procedures, and ipsilateral stroke events occurring more than 1 month after surgery.

Applicability of a single camera-based catheter navigation system using teeth arch as an anatomical landmark for superselective intraarterial infusion in advanced oral cancer treatment.

Superselective intraarterial infusion chemoradiotherapy is a modality of oral cancer therapy in which the artery feeding the tumor is catheterized. 3D information about the carotid artery is required to enable the surgeon to judge whether to advance, retract, or rotate the catheter. For this purpose, we proposed and conducted a model experiment to assess a new method of catheterization that applies a tracking system using registration with a monocular camera using the maxillary arch as the anatomical landmark.

[Spontaneous resolution of refractory ascites in the late phase after cord blood transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia].

Patients with refractory ascites that develops >3 months after allogenic stem cell transplantation typically have a poor prognosis. We present the case of a 61-year-old man who developed refractory massive ascites approximately 3 months after cord blood transplantation (CBT) and showed complete and spontaneous remission from ascites after 18 months. The patient complained of severe bloating and needed weekly paracentesis to manage the fluid levels.

Quantitative analysis of an impact of P-glycoprotein on edoxaban's disposition using a human physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux on edoxaban absorption in gastrointestinal tracts quantitatively by a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model constructed with clinical and non-clinical observations (using GastroPlus™ software). An absorption process was described by the advanced compartmental absorption and transit model with the P-gp function. A human PBPK model was constructed by integrating the clinical and non-clinical observations.

Electroencephalographic findings and genetic characterization of two brothers with IQSEC2 pathogenic variant.

Two brothers with an IQSEC2 pathogenic variant presented with early onset intellectual disability, intractable epileptic seizures, autism spectrum disorders, postnatal microcephalus and slowly progressive rigid-spasticity. Their epileptic seizures were characterized by intractability, early onset epileptic spasms, and then clusters of tonic/tonic-clonic seizures, exacerbated by valproate. Electroencephalography showed periodic discharges, including periodic high voltage slow complexes and burst-suppression activity.

Lethal multiple colon necrosis and perforation due to fulminant amoebic colitis: a surgical case report and literature review.

Background: Amoebiasis caused by the protozoan species Entamoeba histolytica rarely develops into fulminant amoebic colitis (FAC), but when it does, it shows an aggressive clinical course including colonic perforation, necrotizing colitis, and high mortality. Surgical treatment for FAC patients should be carried out urgently. However, even after surgery, the mortality rate can be 40-50%.

Postoperative stroke and neurological outcomes in the early phase after revascularization surgeries for moyamoya disease: an age-stratified comparative analysis.

Stroke and neurological outcomes in the early phase following revascularization for moyamoya disease (MMD) may depend on the patient's age. In this study, an age-stratified comparative analysis was performed to clarify this issue. We reviewed 105 MMD patients who underwent 179 revascularization surgeries.

Effects of aspirin and heparin treatment on perioperative outcomes in patients with Moyamoya disease.

Background: When superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass is combined with indirect methods (e.g., revascularization surgery) to treat Moyamoya disease (MMD), antiplatelet treatment can impact bypass patency, infarction, or hemorrhage complications.

Efficacy of Respiratory Control under Local Anesthesia during Endovascular Therapy in the Tortuous Vertebral Artery with the Use of Respiratory Dislocation of the Aortic Arch.

Purpose: Endovascular therapy (EVT) through the tortuous access route is increasingly performed in neurovascular procedures. In the posterior circulation through the vertebral artery (VA), ischemic complications, including vessel dissection and cerebral vessel infarction, are sometimes observed, especially during navigation of the guiding catheter, because of small vessel diameter and tortuous origin. We describe an adjunctive technique for passing the guiding catheter safely to the tortuous VA and reducing ischemic complication using respiratory displacement of the aortic arch.

Outcomes and Issues of 'Drip and Go' as an Inter-Hospital Cooperation System in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Objective: Mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) has become popular in recent years. Our affiliated institutes without neuro-endovascular specialists call our department to come to assist and perform thrombectomy (Drip and Go). In this study, the effectiveness of this inter-hospital cooperative system was evaluated.

Ponesimod suppresses hepatitis B virus infection by inhibiting endosome maturation.

The discovery of novel antivirals to treat hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is urgently needed, as the currently available drugs mainly target viral proteins at replication step, whereas host factors also play significant roles in HBV infection. Although numerous studies have reported candidate drugs for HBV treatment, there remains a need to find a new drug that may target other steps of the HBV life cycle. In this study, by drug screening of a 533 G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)-associated compound library, we identified ponesimod, a selective agonist of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P), as a drug candidate for the suppression of HBV infection.

The Diverse Efficacy of Food-Derived Proanthocyanidins for Middle-Aged and Elderly Women.

Middle-aged and elderly women are affected by various symptoms and diseases induced by estrogen deficiency. Proanthocyanidins, widely present in many kinds of fruits and berries, have many beneficial effects, such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. We researched the effects of proanthocyanidins for middle-aged and elderly women, finding that it has been revealed in many clinical trials and cohort studies that proanthocyanidins contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, obesity, cancer, osteoporosis, and urinary tract infection, as well as the improvement of menopausal symptoms, renal function, and skin damage.

Simultaneous capillary electrophoresis of anions and cations in a single injection using an anion exchanger-modified capillary for determination of salivary ions in combination with statistical analyses.

This paper describes the simultaneous capillary electrophoresis (CE) of anions and cations using an anion exchange-modified capillary, which was prepared by chemical coating with a cationic silylating reagent, and its application to saliva analysis. The CE method provides high-throughput (5 min for a single sample injection) analysis by generating a high-velocity electroosmotic flow at pH 3.0-3.

Technical Note: Vendor miscalibration of preclinical orthovoltage irradiator identified through independent output check.

Purpose: Accurate radiation dosimetry in radiobiological experiments is crucial for preclinical research in advancement of cancer treatment. Vendors of cell irradiators often perform calibration for end-users. However, calibration accuracy remains unclear due to missing detailed information on calibration equipment and procedures.

Impact of no, distal, and proximal deep vein thrombosis on clinical outcomes in patients with acute pulmonary embolism: From the COMMAND VTE registry.

Background: The majority of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is caused by thrombus developed from leg veins. However, impact of concomitant deep venous thrombosis (DVT) on clinical outcomes has not been fully evaluated in patients with acute PE.

Methods: The COMMAND VTE Registry is a multicenter registry enrolling consecutive 3027 patients with acute symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Japan.

MR lymphography with superparamagnetic iron oxide for sentinel lymph node mapping of N0 early oral cancer: A pilot study.

Objectives: The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the usefulness of magnetic resonance lymphography (MRL) with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) in sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping of clinically N0 early oral cancer, and to conduct a comparative study of this MRL with CT lymphography (CTL).

Methods: CTL and MRL were performed for SLN mapping before surgery for 20 patients with clinically N0 early oral cancer. The detection rate, number, and location of SLNs in CTL and MRL were evaluated.