Clear cell carcinoma arising from cesarean section scar endometriosis: case report and review of the literature.

Introduction. The incidence of endometriosis affecting skin tissue represents only 0.5-1.

Autoamputation of a pedunculated, subserosal uterine leiomyoma presenting as a giant peritoneal loose body.

Peritoneal loose bodies (PLBs) are defined as fibrotic or calcified-free bodies within the peritoneal cavity; they commonly autoamputate from appendices epiploicae that have undergone torsion. Pedunculated, subserosal uterine leiomyomas (PSULs) are subserosal uterine leiomyomas connected to the uterus via a pedicle. In the present report, we describe the case of a PLB that originated from the autoamputation of a PSUL, confirmed based on histological evidence consistent with a uterine leiomyoma and the laparoscopic findings of a broken pedicle.

(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography-positive lymph node endometriosis masquerading as lymph node metastasis of a malignant tumor.

Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrium-like tissues at extrauterine sites, most commonly in the abdominal cavity. Lymph node endometriosis is a rare but clinically important type of endometriosis that can mimic lymph node metastasis of a malignant tumor. (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is a useful tool for diagnosing malignant tumors, although it occasionally shows false positive results in tissues with high metabolic activity caused by severe inflammation.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1α enhances local estrogen biosynthesis by stimulating aromatase activity in endometriosis.

Context: Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease, and estrogen is overproduced by abnormally elevated aromatase in endometriotic tissues. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) is a transcriptional coactivator-modulating steroid hormone.

Objective: To investigate the effect of PGC-1α on aromatase activity in endometriosis.

Medroxyprogesterone acetate enhances monocyte-endothelial interaction under flow conditions by stimulating the expression of cell adhesion molecules.

Context: Monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells is an important initial event in atherosclerosis and is partially mediated by adhesion molecule expression on the cell surface. Although estrogens inhibit atherosclerosis development, effects of coadministered progestogen remain controversial.

Objective: We examined the effects of progestogen on cytokine-stimulated human umbilical venous endothelial cell (HUVEC) expression of adhesion molecules.

Usefulness of moistening seprafilm before use in laparoscopic surgery.

Purpose: Seprafilm is an ideal synthetic adhesion barrier, but its insertion into the abdomen in laparoscopic surgery is difficult because of its stiff and brittle nature. We tested the usefulness of a novel technique of moistening Seprafilm before use to increase its flexibility before insertion through a trocar during laparoscopic surgery.

Methods: Laparoscopic pelvic surgeries that were followed by insertion of Seprafilm were evaluated in 67 women.

Antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of norethisterone on endometriotic stromal cells in vitro.

Objectives: Low-dose estrogen-progestin (LEP) agents are often used for relieving endometriosis-associated chronic pelvic pain, but a direct effect of LEP on endometriotic lesions remains to be demonstrated. The objective of this study is to investigate the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of the synthetic progestin norethisterone (NET) against human endometriotic stromal cells (ESCs).

Study Design: Ovarian endometrioma specimens were obtained at laparoscopy from 19 patients with endometriosis, and ESCs were isolated.

Dienogest inhibits aromatase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E₂ production in human endometriotic stromal cells in spheroid culture.

Objective: To determine the effect of dienogest (DNG) on the expression of aromatase and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and the production of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) in human endometriotic stromal cells (ESCs).

Design: Experimental study in vitro.

Setting: University hospital.

Maintenance therapy with dienogest following gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment for endometriosis-associated pelvic pain.

Objective: To examine whether long-term administration of dienogest following gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) therapy would prolong the relief of pelvic pain while reducing the amount of irregular uterine bleeding.

Study Design: This was a prospective, non-randomized clinical trial. Among the patients suffering from chronic pelvic pain associated with recurrent endometriosis, Group G (n=38) received GnRH-a for 4-6 months and then dienogest (1 mg/day) for 12 months.