Antioxidant Potential of Aqueous Dispersions of Fullerenes C, C, and Gd@C.

The antioxidant potential (capacity and activity) of aqueous fullerene dispersions (AFD) of non-functionalized C, C, and Gd@C endofullerene (in micromolar concentration range) was estimated based on chemiluminescence measurements of the model of luminol and generation of organic radicals by 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (ABAP). The antioxidant capacity was estimated by the TRAP method, from the concentration of half-suppression, and from the suppression area in the initial period. All three approaches agree and show that the antioxidant capacity of AFDs increased in the order Gd@C < C < C.

Antioxidant Potential of Antiviral Drug Umifenovir.

Free radical reactions play an important role in biological functions of living systems. The balance between oxidants and antioxidants is necessary for the normal homeostasis of cells and organisms. Experimental works demonstrate the role of oxidative stress that is caused by influenza virus as well as the toxic effects of some antiviral drugs.

[Kinetic chemiluminescence as a method for the study of free radical reactions].

The review gives concepts of analysis of kinetics of complex reactions with the participation of free-radicals. The concepts are based on the comparison of the kinetic curves of the chemiluminescent reactions in the presence of a physical enhancer coumarin C-525 with the simulated kinetic functions. This method was applied to the investigation of the mechanism of a branched-chain reaction of lipid peroxidation in biological and phospholipid membranes as well as to the effect of antioxidants and determination of their activities.

Dihydroquercetin (taxifolin) and other flavonoids as inhibitors of free radical formation at key stages of apoptosis.

Formation of free radicals in mitochondria plays a key role in the development of apoptosis, which includes formation of superoxide by the respiratory chain, formation of radicals by cytochrome c-cardiolipin complex in the presence of hydrogen peroxide or lipids, and chain lipid peroxidation resulting in cytochrome c release from mitochondria and initiation of the apoptotic cascade. In this work the effect of taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) and some other antioxidants on these three radical-producing reactions was studied. Peroxidase activity of the complex of cytochrome c with dioleyl cardiolipin estimated by chemiluminescence with luminol decreased by 50% with quercetin, taxifolin, rutin, Trolox, and ionol at concentrations 0.

Chemiluminescence as a method for detection and study of free radicals in biological systems.

Chemiluminescence observed during LPO or reactions of nitric oxide and oxygen radicals and was named "ultraweak luminescence". In the presence of chemiluminescence activators (luminol, lucigenin, rhodamine G, or coumarine C-525) the appearance of radicals is associated with intensive fluorescence; the registration of this fluorescence is widely used in biomedical and clinical studies.

Cardiolipin activates cytochrome c peroxidase activity since it facilitates H(2)O(2) access to heme.

In this work, the effect of liposomes consisting of tetraoleyl cardiolipin and dioleyl phosphatidylcholine (1 : 1, mol/mol) on the rate of three more reactions of Cyt c heme with H2O2 was studied: (i) Cyt c (Fe2+) oxidation to Cyt c (Fe3+), (ii) Fe...

Mechanism of activation of cytochrome C peroxidase activity by cardiolipin.

In this work, the actions of bovine heart cardiolipin, synthetic tetraoleyl cardiolipin, and a nonspecific anionic detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on cytochrome c (Cyt c) peroxidase activity recorded by chemiluminescence in the presence of luminol and on the Fe...

[Analysis of the life span distribution mode in 128 successive generations of D. melanogaster].

A large body of experimental data consisting of 116 samples (sets) of individual life span (LS) values of D. melanogaster from the same laboratory strain Canton-S was analyzed. In total, 10180 Drosophila flies (5100 females and 5080 males) were studied.

[Photochemiluminescent study of the antioxidant activity in biological systems. Mathematical modeling].

The mathematical modeling of the kinetics of riboflavin photo-chemiluminescence (PCL) in the presence of antioxidants, superoxide dismutase and ascorbic acid, has been performed. A specially developed computer program "Kinetic Analyzer" was used for the modeling. The PCL intensity of was taken as directly proportional to the superoxide concentration, because lucigenin had been added to the system.

[Radiation-protective effectiveness of lycopene].

Radioprotective action of natural carotenoid Lycopene in mice during exposure to lethal dose of 6.5 Gy has been shown. Lycopene was found to be two-fold more effective radioprotector than beta-carotene at the same conditions.