Bovine brucellosis, associated risk factors and preventive measures in industrial cattle farms.

Effective management of brucellosis in human populations is closely tied to controlling the disease in domestic livestock. This study focused on identifying determinants of brucellosis prevalence in mixed industrial dairy and beef cattle farms within Isfahan Province, Iran. Employing a case control design, we compared 32 ranches with documented brucellosis within the previous year (12 months) to 38 farms with no brucellosis during the same timeframe.

Intestinal Parasitic Infections in People Referring to the Central Laboratory of Meshkin Shahr County, Ardabil Province, Iran.

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are still a considerable global public health problem. We aimed to determine the frequency of intestinal parasitic infections among people referring to the central laboratory of Meshkin Shahr City, Ardabil Province, Iran.

Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, 460 fecal samples were collected randomly from persons referred to the central laboratory of Meshkin Shahr City, from January to June 2022.

Echinococcus granulosus sheep strain (G1) as the predominant genotype in definitive host (dogs) isolates in northeastern Iran.

Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (E. granulosus s.l.

Estimating Patient Survival and Risk of End-Stage Kidney Disease in Patients With Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease in Iran.

Introduction: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a hereditary kidney disease that can affect several organs. The clinical course of the disease varies among patients; some never become symptomatic, and others reach end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in the 5th decade of their life.

Methods: This historical cohort study was conducted on ADPKD patients to investigate kidney and patient survival rates and related risk factors in Iran.

Periplaneta americana (Blattodea: Blattidae) fungal pathogens in hospital sewer systems: molecular and phylogenetic approaches.

Cockroaches are known as mechanical vectors of some pathogens that can infect humans. The present study aims to rapidly identify Periplaneta americana fungal pathogens from sewer systems of public hospitals in Esfahan using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. A total of 55 P.

Ongoing increase in incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis in south-eastern Iran: A three decade study.

Background: Prevalence of multiple sclerosis has been increased during the last decades throughout the world. Epidemiological studies could improve our understanding relating to its intrinsic and extrinsic causes.

Objectives: The current study has been conducted to determine the epidemiological features of MS in south-eastern Iran which is a semi-tropical area with different ethnicities.

Acute adverse events following immunization with DTP-HB-Hib pentavalent vaccine in the first year of life.

Background: Since November 2014, the pentavalent (Diptheria+Tetanus+Pertussis and Hepatitis B and Hib or DTP-HBHib) vaccine has been integrated into the Iranian national vaccination programme.

Aims: We conducted a prospective study in Zahedan in the southeast of the Islamic Republic of Iran to determine the incidence of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) with the pentavalent vaccine in children aged under one year.

Methods: Using cluster sampling, 1119 children aged 2-10 months at 15 public health clinics were invited, through their parents, to participate in the study.

BAT25, ACVR2, and TGFBR2 Mononucleotide STR Markers: A Triplex Panel for Microsatellite Instability Testing in Colorectal Tumors.

Background: Microsatellite instability (MSI) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients is considered as a diagnostic and prognostic marker. MSI is a consequence of mismatch repair deficiency which is evaluated using the different microsatellite markers on the whole genome. In this pilot study, the diagnostic value of a novel triplex panel including three mononucleotide markers has been evaluated in comparison to the standard Promega kit for MSI testing in CRC patients with Amsterdam II criteria.

Association between DLCO index and the severity of heart failure: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The prognostic role of diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) in heart failure has not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate DLCO variation in different systolic and diastolic heart failure stages.

Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study on 51 patients with systolic (reduced LVEF) or diastolic (preserved LVEF) chronic heart failure (CHF).

Immunization coverage of children aged 24-35 months in the Islamic Republic of Iran: a national cluster coverage survey.

Background: Although vaccination coverage against a disease is not exactly the same as community immunity against that disease, it is undoubtedly directly related to it and provides an estimate of the coherence and efficacy of community health infrastructure.

Aims: To evaluate the vaccination coverage of children throughout the Islamic Republic of Iran in 2019.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study.

Leishmania spp. infection in Rhombomys opimus and Meriones libycus as main reservoirs of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in central parts of Iran: Progress and implications in health policy.

Rodents from the subfamily Gerbillinae are the principal reservoir of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania major in the center and northeast of Iran. This study was conducted to determine both naturally occurring Leishmania infection rates and the distribution of Leishmania species in the central parts of Iran during 2019-2020. In this regard, presence of Leishmania parasites were confirmed by microscopic examination and the species were identified by nested-PCR using the Internal Transcribed Spacer2- Ribosomal DNA (ITS2-rDNA).

Infliximab and Intravenous Gammaglobulin in Hospitalized Severe COVID-19 Patients in Intensive Care Unit.

Background: Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may lead to the cytokine storm syndrome which may cause acute respiratory failure syndrome and death. Our aim was to investigate the therapeutic effects of infliximab, intravenous gammaglobulin (IVIg) or combination therapy in patients with severe COVID-19 disease admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: In this observational research, we studied 104 intubated adult patients with severe COVID-19 infection (based on clinical symptoms, and radiographic or CT scan parameters) who were admitted to the ICU of a multispecialty hospital during March 2020 in Tehran, Iran.

Evaluation of the Anti-Leishmanial Effect of Recombinant α-Toxin.

Background: Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease common in tropical and subtropical regions caused by the genus , which is transmitted by the bite of female sandflies. In this study, we evaluate the anti-leishmanial effect of recombinant α-toxin protein alone and the combination with glucantime through in vitro and in vivo.

Materials And Methods: Production, expression, and purification of recombinant α-toxin were evaluated by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting techniques.

Frequency and Molecular Identification of Species among Immunocompromised Patients Referred to Hospitals, Central Iran, 2015-16.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and genotype of spp. in different groups of immunocompromised patients admitted to the referral hospitals in center of Iran during 2015-2016.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 346 immunocompromised patients (HIV/AIDS, Lymphoma, Leukemia and organ transplants) in referred hospitals from central parts of Iran including Isfahan, Markazi, Yazd and Chaharmahale Bakhtiari provinces.

A Novel Strategy for Enhance Potentiation of Meglumine antimoniate against In Vitro.

Background: We aimed to design a different method of drug delivery for increased transfer of the choice drug (meglumine antimoniate) within the host cells. Therefore, listeriolysin O (LLO), a bacterial product which is a member of pore-forming peptides was used as an enhancer factor with meglumine antimoniate in order to facilitate the transition of the drug across macrophage membrane.

Methods: LLO was produced in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2016, by expressing the gene in and purified using affinity chromatography.

Seroprevalence of anti-rubella and anti-measles antibodies in women at the verge of marriage in Iran.

Background: Measles and rubella as two highly contagious eruptive diseases are on the agenda to be eliminated in Iran by 2020. To evaluate the seroimmunity of the future mothers against rubella and measles, a nationwide serosurvey was implemented in 10 provinces, selected at random from 31 provinces in the country.

Methods: using a multistage sampling method, 1600 participants were interviewed and blood sampled in 40 'Pre-marriage Consultation Centers' across 40 districts.

Effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activity in glazers with occupational cadmium exposure: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover clinical trial.

Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials Registration Number: IRCT2016061228407N1 ( www.who.int/ictrp/network/irct/en/ ).

Reiteration of the elimination status of measles in the southeast of Iran, 2015.

During 2015, the number of measles cases reported from Iran increased about three times the previous year; and Sistan-va-Baluchestan Province, located in the southeast of Iran, was the hottest point at the center of the dilemma. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the situation of the population with regard to the elimination goals. The files of all measles cases were reviewed and categorized again based on surveillance system definitions; and the effective reproduction numbers, attack rates, and epidemic curves were calculated and graphed.

The biochemical effects of occupational exposure to lead and cadmium on markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes activity in the blood of glazers in tile industry.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of occupational exposure to lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) on markers of oxidative stress in glazers in tile industries. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined in the blood of 80 subjects, including 40 glazers and 40 nonexposed subjects. Mean levels of blood Cd (8.

Seroprevalence of antibodies to measles and rubella eight months after a vaccination campaign in the southeast of Iran.

Eight months after the mass immunization campaign of November 2015 against measles and rubella in the southeast of Iran, in order to evaluate the sero-immunity level of the people living in the mentioned region, a serosurvey study was performed. Using a multi-stage probability proportional to size cluster sampling, the sera of 1,056 participants, ranging from 15 months to 20 years old, were tested for measles and rubella IgG antibodies in the National Reference Laboratory at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. The seroprevalence rates of antibodies against measles and rubella in the age groups below 16 years were respectively 98.

Head-to-head immunogenicity comparison of Edmonston-Zagreb vs. AIK-C measles vaccine strains in infants aged 8-12 months: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: A non-inferiority multi-centre parallel randomized double-blind trial was implemented in Zahedan district, Sistan-va-Baluchestan province, Iran, to compare the performance of the two measles vaccines which are in use in the National Immunization Programme of Iran and are of two different measles virus vaccine strains: Edmonston-Zagreb (EZ) strain vs. AIK-C strain. The main outcome measure was appearance of anti-measles antibody in sera.

Factors affecting the seroconversion rate of 12-month-old babies after the first injection of measles vaccine in the southeast of Iran.

Within the past few years, several measles outbreaks have occurred in the southeast of Iran. To learn about the effectiveness of the immunization services for producing a serologic response against measles, this follow-up study was designed and implemented in the southeast of Iran. In Iran, all routine immunization services provided by the public sector are free of charge.

Molecular Epidemiological Survey of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Two Highly Endemic Metropolises of Iran, Application of FTA Cards for DNA Extraction From Giemsa-Stained Slides.

Background: PCR has been used for confirmation of leishmaniasis in epidemiological studies, but complexity of DNA extraction and PCR approach has confined its routine use in developing countries.

Objectives: In this study, recent epidemiological situation of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in two hyper-endemic metropolises of Shiraz and Isfahan in Iran was studied using DNA extraction by commercial FTA cards and kinetoplastid DNA (kDNA)-PCR amplification for detection/identification of Leishmania directly from stained skin scraping imprints.

Patients And Methods: Fifty four and 30 samples were collected from clinically diagnosed CL patients referred to clinical laboratories of leishmaniasis control centers in Isfahan and Shiraz cities, respectively.

The effects of electricity network development besides routine malaria control measures in an underdeveloped region in the pre-elimination phase.

Background: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of electricity network development on malaria transmission. The study was performed in the rural areas of three districts in Sistan-va-Baluchestan Province, Iran.

Methods: From the mentioned districts, 122 rural communities were selected.