Publications by authors named "Izabela Muszalska"

Article Synopsis
  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects around 3% of the global population, leading to about 300,000 deaths annually, with 80% of those infected developing chronic symptoms that can result in severe liver complications.
  • HCV is a (+)ssRNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family, with seven main genotypes; treatment has evolved from interferons in the 1990s to more advanced anti-HCV medications since 2011, which include various inhibitors.
  • The reviewed literature covers 113 papers detailing the molecular targets and chemical structures of HCV drugs, along with their indications, contraindications, and recommended treatment regimens.
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Prodrugs are a wide group of substances of low or no pharmacological activity. The search for prodrugs is aimed at obtaining drugs characterized by better pharmacokinetic properties, pharmaceutical availability and selective activity of the active substance. Prodrug strategies involve chemical modifications and syntheses of new structures as well as the establishment of systems that deliver active substances for therapeutic aims that is prodrug-based treatments.

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Molecularly targeted anticancer therapy involves the use of drugs or other substances affecting specific molecular targets that play a part in the development, progression and spread of a given neoplasm. By contrast, the majority of classical chemotherapeutics act on all rapidly proliferating cells, both healthy and cancerous ones. Target anticancer drugs are designed to achieve a particular aim and they usually act cytostatically, not cytotoxically like classical chemotherapeutics.

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The stress and accelerated tests as well as photostability analysis in solutions and the solid phase of three selected derivatives of pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyridine-1,3-dione were carried out according the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. For observation of the degradation of tested compounds, the RP-HPLC method was used. The study included the effect of temperature, relative humidity, water, H+ and OH- ions, hydrogen peroxide, and light (6.

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The degradation behavior of a tricyclic analog of acyclovir [6-(4-MeOPh)-TACV] was determined in accordance with International Conference on Harmonization guidelines for good clinical practice under different stress conditions (neutral hydrolysis, strong acid/base degradation, oxidative decomposition, photodegradation, and thermal degradation). Accelerated [40±2°C/75%±5% relative humidity (RH)] and intermediate (30±2°C/65%±5% RH) stability tests were also performed. For observation of the degradation of the tested compound the RP-HPLC was used, whereas for the analysis of its degradation products HPLC/MS/MS was used.

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Knowledge of the lipophilicity of candidate compounds for prodrugs may predict their predetermined course/effect in the body. Acyclovir (ACV) belongs to a class of drugs with low bioavailability. Its tricyclic analogues, the derivatives of 3,9-dihydro-3-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-9-oxo-5H-imidazo[1,2-a]purine (TACV) exhibit similar antiviral activities and are more lipophilic as compared with acyclovir itself.

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Acyclovir (ACV) belongs to a class of drugs with low bioavailability. Selected ACV esters including acetyl (Ac-), isobutyryl (iBut-), pivaloyl (Piv-), ethoxycarbonyl (Etc-) and nicotinoyl (Nic-) were synthesized, and their lipophilicity was determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) RP method. Statistical analyses of the comparative values of log P and clog P were carried out using computational methods.

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The risk of cardiovascular diseases is closely related to hypertension, high cholesterol levels, and diabetes. When these risk factors appear together they are referred to as a metabolic syndrome. In the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, a combination of antihypertensive, hypolipemiant, and antidiabetic drugs is often applied.

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A simple and sensitive extractive spectrophotometric method have been developed and validated for determination of amantadine hydrochloride (AM), memantine hydrochloride (MM) and rimantadine hydrochloride (RM) in pure and pharmaceutical formulations. The method is based on the reaction of these active compounds with bromophenol blue (BB) in acetate buffer (0.1 M) pH 3.

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The content of pyridoxine hydrochloride in two-component pharmaceutical preparations containing various magnesium compounds was examined. The UV differentiation spectrophotometry was devised and compared with the reference method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The analysis of the absorbance spectra (A) and its first (D1) and second (D2) derivatives made it possible to establish the appropriate analytical wavelengths (A: 290 nm; D1: 302 nm; D2: 308 nm).

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Within the framework of the studies concerning the decomposition of N-substituted derivatives of 4-alkoxy-6-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyridine-1,3(2H)-dione, the isolation of the alkaline hydrolysis product was performed (pH 10.5, room temperature). Subsequently, based on NMR spectra and two-dimensional spectra, the chemical structure of the isolated compounds was established.

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The kinetics of hydrolysis of 4-ethoxy-2-[2-hydroxy-3-(4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)]propyl-2,3-dihydro-6-methyl-1,3-dioxo-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyridine (III) in aqueous solutions at 333, 343, 353 and 363 K over the pH range 0.4-5.0 was investigated.

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The pH-rate profiles for hydrolysis of 4-methoxy-2-[3-(4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)]propyl-2,3-dihydro-6-methyl-1,3-dioxo-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-c] pyridine (H) at 333, 343, 353 and 363 K over the pH range 0.4-5.0 was investigated.

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A UV spectrophotometric analysis of 4-methoxy-2-(3 (4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)) propyl-2,3-dihydro-6-methyl-1,3-dioxo-1H-pyrrolo [3,4-c] pyridine (II) in HCI (0.01 mole/L) was performed by determining the values of specific absorption coefficients at the following analytical wavelengths: 225, 285 and 350 nm. The separation by means of TLC of compound II and of its five decomposition products was also studied.

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The kinetics of hydrolysis of 4-methoxy-2-[2-hydroxy-3(4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)]propyl-2,3-dihydro-6-methyl-1,3-dioxo-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyridine (I) in aqueous solutions at 333, 343, 353 and 363 K over the pH range 0.4-4.8 was investigated.

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The kinetics of hydrolysis of diltiazem hydrochloride in aqueous solutions at 313, 323, 333 and 353 K over the pH-range 0.4-9.7 has been investigated.

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The influence of temperature (353, 358, 363, 368, and 373 K) and relative humidity (76.4, 66.5, 60.

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A spectrophotometric analysis of the UV-spectrum of 4-methoxy-2-[2-hydroxy-3(4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)]propyl-2,3-dihydro-6-methyl-1,3-dioxo-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyridine (I) in 0.01 M HCl was performed by determining the values of specific absorption coefficients at the following analytical wavelengths: 224, 285 and 348 nm. The separation by means of TLC of compound I and of its five decomposition products was also studied.

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