Males, Older Age, Increased Training, Chronic Diseases, Allergies, and History of Injury Are Independent Risk Factors Associated With a History of Exercise-Associated Muscle Cramping in Distance Runners in 76 654 Race Entrants - SAFER XXIX.

Objective: To determine independent risk factors associated with a history of exercise-associated muscle cramps (hEAMCs) in distance runner race entrants in a community-based mass participation event.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: 2012 to 2015, Two Oceans marathon races (21.

Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics, and Self-Reported Treatment of Exercise-Associated Muscle Cramping Differ Between 21.1- and 56-Km Running Race Entrants-SAFER XXII.

Objective: To determine whether the lifetime prevalence and clinical characteristics of exercise-associated muscle cramping (EAMC) differ between runners entering a 21.1- versus 56-km road race.

Design: Cross-sectional study.