Possible Interaction between ZnS Nanoparticles and Phosphonates on Mediterranean Clams .

This study aims to evaluate the toxicity of ZnS nanoparticles (ZnS NP50 = 50 µg/L and ZnS NP100 = 100 µg/L) and diethyl (3-cyano-1-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropyl)phosphonate or P (P50 = 50 µg/L and P100 = 100 µg/L) in the clams using chemical and biochemical approaches. The results demonstrated that clams accumulate ZnS NPs and other metallic elements following exposure. Moreover, ZnS NPs and P separately lead to ROS overproduction, while a mixture of both contaminants has no effect.

Efficient synthesis of novel dialkyl-3-cyanopropylphosphate derivatives and evaluation of their anticholinesterase activity.

Based on the broad spectrum of biological activities associated with organophosphates, a novel type of this class of compounds was synthesized, bearing a nitrile group, from the sodium alkoxide-catalyzed reaction of dialkylphosphites with γ-ketonitriles at 80°C under solvent-free conditions. A reaction mechanism involving a phospha-Brook type rearrangement is proposed. Eight title compounds were investigated for their in vitro inhibitory potency and selectivity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) using Ellman's spectrophotometric method.

Effects of 2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-5, 6-trimethylene-4H-1, 3, 2-oxathiaphosphorine-2-sulfide on biomarkers of Mediterranean clams Ruditapes decussatus.

The effects of exposure to a novel synthetic organophosphorus compound, 2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-5, 6-trimethylene-4H-1, 3, 2-oxathiaphosphorine-2-sulfide (OMTOS) concentrations (Control=0, C1=0.01, C2=0.1, C3=1 and C4=10μg/L) were investigated in the clam Ruditapes decussatus.

3-Keto-1,5-bisphosphonates Alleviate Serum-Oxidative Stress in the High-fat Diet Induced Obesity in Rats.

Obesity has become a leading global health problem owing to its strong association with a high incidence of oxidative stress. Many epidemiologic studies showed that an antioxidant supplementation decreases the state of oxidative stress. In the present work, a HFD-induced rat obesity and oxidative stress were used to investigate the link between fat deposition and serum-oxidative stress markers.

Green synthesis and antioxidant activity of novel γ-cyano-α- hydroxyphosphonate derivatives.

Herein we report an efficient, simple and green synthesis of novel types of α-hydroxyphosphonates bearing a nitrile group, from the reaction of γ-ketonitriles with dialkyl phosphites in the presence of magnesium oxide as solid support, under solvent-free conditions. All the title compounds were screened for their antioxidant activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical, reducing power and ferrous ion chelating (FIC) methods and they showed significant antioxidant activity.

Synthesis, hematological, biochemical, and neurotoxicity screening of some mannich base hydrochlorides.

Background: Mannich bases are an important class of compounds in medicinal chemistry with a wide spectrum of biological activities, however, knowledge on their toxicity is limited.

Materials And Methods: Two Mannich base hydrochlorides 1a (2-thienyl-β-dimethylaminoethyl ketone hydrochloride) and 1b (β-dimethylaminopropiophenone hydrochloride) were synthesized and characterized on the basis of their infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data. The potential effects of the synthesized compounds (5 mg/kg, i.