Adherence to Epilepsy's Medical Recommendations.

The primary problem in the treatment of epilepsy is poor seizure control. Several studies have shown that non-adherence to doctors' recommendations regarding drug dosage, time of drug administration as well as lifestyle modifications are the most frequent causes of the persistence or reoccurrence of seizures, other than cases of misdiagnosis and poor drug selection. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of non-compliance with medical recommendations, both in relation to medicine dosage, regularity of administration and lifestyle, and also to determine the factors affecting patients with diagnosed epilepsy.

Prevention of infections and fever to improve outcome in older patients with acute stroke (PRECIOUS): a randomised, open, phase III, multifactorial, clinical trial with blinded outcome assessment.

Background: Infections and fever after stroke are associated with poor functional outcome or death. We assessed whether prophylactic treatment with anti-emetic, antibiotic, or antipyretic medication would improve functional outcome in older patients with acute stroke.

Methods: We conducted an international, 2∗2∗2-factorial, randomised, controlled, open-label trial with blinded outcome assessment in patients aged 66 years or older with acute ischaemic stroke or intracerebral haemorrhage and a score on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale ≥ 6.

High neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) predicts poor response to intravenous thrombolysis in white Caucasian stroke patients.

Objectives: Our aim was to investigate usefulness of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for predicting poor response to intravenous rtPA in white Caucasian ischemic stroke patients treated within 4.5 hours from the onset.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective analysis included all consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients (N = 344) treated with rtPA in a tertiary stroke center from 2011 to 2017.

D-Penicillamine-Induced Myasthenia Gravis-A Probable Complication of Wilson's Disease Treatment-A Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature.

Wilson's disease (WD) is a genetic disorder with copper accumulation in various tissues leading to related clinical symptoms (mainly hepatic and neuropsychiatric) which can be in 85% of patients successfully treated with anti-copper agents. However, during WD treatment neurological deterioration may occur in several patients. D-penicillamine (DPA) is one of the most frequently used drugs in WD treatment.

Impact of treatment on blood-brain barrier impairment in Wilson's disease.

Introduction: Our study assessed changes in concentrations of serum markers for brain damage and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction in untreated and treated Wilson's disease (WD) patients, and examined correlations between these changes and neurological impairment.

Objective: These results hold the potential to determine BBB impairment and neurological advancement in WD to develop the most effective treatment for patients with severe neurological deterioration.

Material And Methods: The study groups included 171 patients with WD (77 with hepatic and 94 with neurological manifestations), treated either for up to 5 or 15 years, and 88 healthy controls.

Copper Deficiency as Wilson's Disease Overtreatment: A Systematic Review.

Background: Treatment of Wilson's disease (WD), an inherited disease characterized by copper overload, is lifelong and there is the possibility that copper deficiency (CD) may occur. We systematically reviewed the literature to describe treatment patterns, symptoms and outcomes associated with CD.

Methods: Using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, the PubMed database was searched up to 6 April 2023.

Cladribine tablets for highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in Poland: a real-world, multi-centre, retrospective, cohort study during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: Treatment with cladribine tablets is indicated in highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Cladribine tablets proved safe and effective in the pivotal CLARITY trial, but that trial included primarily treatment-naïve patients. In clinical practice however, cladribine tablets are often given to patients who have failed other treatments.

Early neurological deterioration in Wilson's disease: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Neurological deterioration, soon after anti-copper treatment initiation, is problematic in the management of Wilson's disease (WD) and yet reports in the literature are limited. The aim of our study was to systematically assess the data according to early neurological deteriorations in WD, its outcome and risk factors.

Methods: Using PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review of available data on early neurological deteriorations was performed by searching the PubMed database and reference lists.

Attitudes towards the switching of anti-epileptic medications in pharmacies: the patients' perspective.

Purpose: A survey of epilepsy patients' experiences of and attitudes towards the pharmacy switching of anti-epileptic medications.

Methods: A structured questionnaire was administered to a group of epilepsy patients treated at the Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology and the Medical University of Silesia, Poland. Two hundred and eleven patients (mean [± SD] age: 41.

Blood Based Biomarkers of Central Nervous System Involvement in Wilson's Disease.

Wilson's disease (WD) is an inherited disorder of copper metabolism with clinical symptoms related to pathological copper accumulation, which are mainly hepatic and/or neuropsychiatric. The disease is potentially treatable with pharmacological agents (chelators or zinc salts). As such, key factors for a favorable treatment outcome are early diagnosis and anti-copper treatment initiation as well as appropriate treatment monitoring for safety and efficacy.

Reliability of the modified Rankin Scale in clinical practice of stroke units and rehabilitation wards.

Introduction: The Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) is the most common tool to quantify post-stroke disability in everyday practice and by certified raters in clinical trials. However, interobserver variability may affect reliability of retrospective observational studies, including clinical registries. Our aim was to assess real-life consistency between neurologists and physical and rehabilitation medicine physicians using mRS to rate post-stroke disability of patients transferred directly from stroke unit (SU) to rehabilitation ward (RW).

Changes in serum blood-brain barrier markers after bilateral tonic-clonic seizures.

Objective: Seizures have been shown to increase blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, yet the role of this phenomenon is not fully understood. Additionally, dysfunction of the BBB leads to initiation and propagation of seizures in animal models. To demonstrate the increased permeability of the BBB in time, we investigated changes of the serum levels of BBB markers in patients with epilepsy after bilateral tonic-clonic seizures.

Blood-Brain Barrier-Associated Proteins Are Elevated in Serum of Epilepsy Patients.

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction emerges as one of the mechanisms underlying the induction of seizures and epileptogenesis. There is growing evidence that seizures also affect BBB, yet only scarce data is available regarding serum levels of BBB-associated proteins in chronic epilepsy. In this study, we aimed to assess serum levels of molecules associated with BBB in patients with epilepsy in the interictal period.

Acute disseminated encephalitis in an adult patient addicted to heroin. Neuropathological, neuroradiological and clinical features.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an immune demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) disorder, characterized by monophasic new onset neurological symptoms including encephalopathy, combined with neuroradiological evidence of multifocal demyelination. ADEM is extremely rarely diagnosed and is much more common in children and adolescents than in adults. The aim of this study is to present an extremely rare case of ADEM in a heroin-addicted patient with a very difficult diagnostic course.

Pathognomonic neuroradiological signs in Wilson's disease - Truth or myth?

Introduction: Wilson's disease (WD) is a treatable genetic disorder caused by impaired copper metabolism. Early diagnosis and correct anti-copper treatment are crucial for therapeutic success. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used both for diagnosis and treatment monitoring.

Serum Proteins Associated with Blood-Brain Barrier as Potential Biomarkers for Seizure Prediction.

As 30% of epileptic patients remain drug-resistant, seizure prediction is vital. Induction of epileptic seizure is a complex process that can depend on factors such as intrinsic neuronal excitability, changes in extracellular ion concentration, glial cell activity, presence of inflammation and activation of the blood−brain barrier (BBB). In this study, we aimed to assess if levels of serum proteins associated with BBB can predict seizures.

Seven decades of clinical experience with Wilson's disease: Report from the national reference centre in Poland.

Background And Purpose: Wilson's disease (WD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder causing excessive copper deposition and a spectrum of manifestations, particularly neurological and hepatic symptoms. We analysed the clinical characteristics of patients with WD admitted to the country's only reference centre, which provided long-term care to most adult patients in Poland over seven decades (pre-1959 to 2019).

Methods: Electronic prospective data collection began in the 2000s and, for prior years, medical records were analysed retrospectively.

Brain Atrophy Is Substantially Accelerated in Neurological Wilson's Disease: A Longitudinal Study.

Background: Although brain atrophy is common in neurological Wilson's disease, longitudinal studies are lacking.

Objective: The objective of this study was to measure longitudinal brain atrophy rate and to relate it to the change in neurological impairment in Wilson's disease.

Methods: We included patients with brain imaging done at diagnosis and at least 12 months later.

The Maternal and Fetal Outcomes of Pregnancy in Wilson's Disease: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.

Wilson's disease (WD) is a rare, treatable genetic disorder with multi-organ symptoms related mainly to copper accumulation. Most patients become aware of the disease as young adults, thus knowledge on fertility, pregnancy course and outcome is very important both for patients and physicians. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of pregnancy outcomes in women with WD.

Serum neurofilament light chain and initial severity of neurological disease predict the early neurological deterioration in Wilson's disease.

Background: In Wilson's disease (WD), early neurological deterioration after treatment initiation is associated with poor outcomes; however, data on this phenomenon are limited. Our study analysed the frequency and risk factors of early neurological deterioration in WD.

Methods: Early neurological deterioration, within 6 months from diagnosis, was defined based on the Unified Wilson's Disease Rating Scale (UWDRS): any increase in part II or an increase of ≥ 4 in part III.

Atypical clinical presentation of glioblastoma mimicking autoimmune meningitis in an adult.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant type of glial tumor associated with a very unfavorable prognosis. Typical radiological features of GBM include the presence of a tumor with irregular contrast-enhancing margins and central necrosis surrounded by a wide area of vasogenic edema. Here, we presented an atypical clinical presentation of GBM mimicking autoimmune meningitis.