Assessment of leakage management in small water supplies using performance indicators.

The revision of the Drinking Water Directive (DWD), which the process of consultation by the European Parliament is coming to the end, includes a commitment for all Member States to assess the level of water leakage. The overarching aim of this action is to reduce water loss through leaks. In regard to this, use of performance indicators as suitable to enable assessment of water utility performance with regard to leakage reduction, including impacts on environment and cost-efficiency, is recommended.

Sustainable management of biological solids in small treatment plants: overview of strategies and reuse options for a solar drying facility in Poland.

The issue of sustainable management of biosolids (excess sludge) from wastewater treatment is an important issue in the entire developed world. Residual sludge disposal costs and environmental impact may be significant, and reducing such costs, as well as the energy consumption for dewatering and drying, is a key issue for safe and sustainable sludge disposal, considering the recent ban of some disposal options, such as landfilling, in many European countries. An alternative to thermal technologies is solar drying (not to be confused with bio-drying, very close to the concept of composting).

Cost-effective removal of COD in the pre-treatment of wastewater from the paper industry.

The present paper reveals results of research for cost-effective removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) contained in industrial paper mill effluent. Not only process efficiency but also wastewater treatment costs are discussed. Different pre-treatment processes are applied aiming to investigate the COD removal before discharge to the municipal sewage network.

Water quality and resource management in the dairy industry.

Food industry is one of the most important and fastest growing sectors of economy in Poland. This sector is also characterized by high demand for the resources, particularly for water. Polish food industrial plants consumed 793 hm of water in 2014.

Health risk as a consequence of exposure to trihalomethanes in swimming pool water.

The article presents the formation and toxicity of trihalomethanes (THMs), substances belonging to Disinfection ByProducts (DBP), formed as a result of pool water chlorination. Concentration of THMs in pool water has been standardised in Poland since recently. THMs concentration in pool water depends on multiple factors, mostly the method of water disinfection, including chlorine or organic substance (TOC) concentration.