Symbol Digit Modalities Test in progressive multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: The Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is a highly sensitive neuropsychological tool used for the assessment of information processing speed (IPS) in various neurological disorders.

State Of The Art: In this review, we have focused on the current knowledge regarding the use of SDMT selectively in the evaluation of progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS) patients. A literature review was performed regarding the application of SDMT in PMS, with a focus on the primary progressive and secondary progressive subtypes.

Predictive value of brain atrophy, serum biomarkers and information processing speed for early disease progression in multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). A clinical presentation of the disease is highly differentiated even from the earliest stages of the disease. The application of stratifying tests in clinical practice would allow for improving clinical decision-making including a proper assessment of treatment benefit/risk balance.

Cognitive impairment in NMOSD-More questions than answers.

Introduction: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a type of central nervous system antibody-mediated disease which affects mainly optic nerves and spinal cord, but may also present with acute brainstem syndrome, acute diencephalic syndrome, and cerebral syndrome with typical brain lesions. One of the most disabling symptoms, diagnosed in 29%-67% of cases, is cognitive dysfunction, with such processes as memory, processing speed, executive function, attention, and verbal fluency being predominantly affected. However, description of cognition in NMOSD patients is still a relatively new area of research.

Cognitive impairment in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The correlation with MRI lesion volume.

Background And Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess cognitive impairment in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS) and to evaluate the correlation of cognitive impairment with physical disability and MRI lesion volume.

Material And Methods: Sixty patients with RR-MS and 50 healthy controls were assessed using neuropsychological tests. All the patients were subjected to MRI examination using PD/T2 and T1 sequences, and clinical evaluation with the EDSS scale was applied.

[Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis].

In this article we present a review of problems associated with cognitive dysfunctions in multiple sclerosis (MS). Neuropsychological investigations demonstrated that cognitive dysfunctions are common in MS patients and affect 40-65% of them. Cognitive deficits were found mainly on measures of memory, attention, information-processing speed, executive functions and abstract reasoning.