Solitary Peutz-Jeghers polyp harboring a focus of high-grade dysplasia in the colon: a case report and literature review.

A solitary Peutz-Jeghers (PJ) polyp is a rare hamartomatous lesion without an associated PJ syndrome. However, little is known regarding malignancy arising in solitary PJ polyps. Here, we report a case of a solitary colonic PJ polyp with focal dysplasia.

[A case of young onset cerebral amyloid angiopathy associated with dural grafting].

A 47-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of sudden-onset motor aphasia and right hemiplegia. His past medical history was notable for left craniotomy and hematoma evacuation following a traumatic brain hemorrhage approximately 40 years earlier, for which dural grafting was performed. He also had a history of three lobar hemorrhages in the left hemisphere since the age of 42 years.

Colorectal Post-polypectomy Bleeding in Outpatient versus Inpatient Treatment: Propensity Score Matching Analysis.

Objectives: Delayed bleeding is the most frequent adverse event associated with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and hot snare polypectomy (HSP) of colorectal polyps. However, whether the incidence of delayed bleeding differs between outpatient and inpatient treatment is unknown. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to evaluate delayed bleeding rates between outpatient and inpatient endoscopic treatments and clarify the safety of outpatient treatment.

[Resumption of Enfortumab Vedotin Supported by Diagnosis of a Late- Onset Immune-Related Adverse Event in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma : A Case Report].

A 71-year-old man presented with exertional dyspnea. Chest radiography revealed multiple pulmonary nodules, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed findings suspicious of right renal pelvic cancer. Percutaneous lung tumor biopsy revealed a histological diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma, and right renal pelvic cancer cT3N2M1 was diagnosed.

Effects of thienopyridine class antiplatelets on bleeding outcomes following robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.

This study aimed to assess the effects of thienopyridine-class antiplatelet agents (including ticlopidine, clopidogrel, and prasugrel) on bleeding complications in patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. This cohort study used a database for robot-assisted radical prostatectomy at 23 tertiary centers nationwide between 2011 and 2022. Patients who received thienopyridines (thienopyridine group) were compared with those who received aspirin monotherapy (aspirin group).

Survey of medications for myelomeningocele patients over their lifetime in Japan.

Background: This study aimed to investigate medication prescriptions for patients with myelomeningocele (MMC) across different age groups, particularly in adulthood and after middle age.

Methods: The Japan Medical Data Center (JMDC) database, based on medical claims data, was utilized for this analysis. Patients were divided into 10-year age groups, and prescriptions for analgesics, anticonvulsants, psychotropic drugs, lifestyle disease-related drugs, drugs for urinary incontinence, and laxatives were examined.

Refractory Delayed Pneumocephalus after Transsphenoidal Cyst Drainage for Rathke's Cleft Cyst in a Patient with a Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt.

A 75-year-old man presented with bilateral lower limb weakness to our hospital from another clinic. Radiological examinations implied the possibilities of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) and a suprasellar cyst, but both were observed conservatively at that time. Due to the progressive gait disturbance, a lumboperitoneal shunt was implanted 1 year later.

Relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms and frailty.

Objective: To elucidate the relationship between frailty and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).

Methods: We longitudinally evaluated the temporal changes and the relationships between frailty and LUTS in 247 community-dwelling adults (45 years or older) at baseline and at a 5-year follow-up. We used the Fried phenotype (phenotype-based frailty), 5-item modified frailty index (5i-mFI; comorbidity-based frailty), and frailty discriminant score (comprehensive frailty assessment) to evaluate frailty.

Trends in the age of hospitalized patients with urological cancers: A 17-year experience.

Objectives: To investigate the impact of global aging on the trends in the age of hospitalized patients with a urological cancer diagnosis.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated a cumulative total of 10 652 cases of referred patients (n = 6637) with a urological disease who were hospitalized in our institution between January 2005 and December 2021. We compared age and the proportion of patients aged ≥80 years among patients who were hospitalized in the urological ward between the period of 2005-2013 and that of 2014-2021.

A case of acute hydrocephalus due to a giant prolactinoma rescued by transventricular neuroendoscopic tumorectomy.

Background: A giant prolactinoma extending to the suprasellar area and causing hydrocephalus may be life-threatening and should be treated promptly. A case of a giant prolactinoma with acute hydrocephalus that underwent transventricular neuroendoscopic tumor resection followed by cabergoline administration is presented.

Case Description: A 21-year-old man had a headache lasting for about a month.

Comparison of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring methods for lumbosacral lipoma surgery in infants.

Background: Stable intraoperative neurophysiology monitoring of infants, especially very young infants, is challenging. In this study, motor evoked potentials (MEPs), the bulbocavernosus reflex (BCR), and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were simultaneously monitored in infants with lumbosacral lipomas, and these methods were compared retrospectively.

Methods: A total of 21 surgeries performed for lumbosacral lipoma in patients less than 1 year old were studied.

The effect of shunt removal on the quality of life in patients with congenital hydrocephalus.

Background: Although there have been reports investigating the quality of life of patients who underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunting or endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) for congenital hydrocephalus, there have been no studies of the quality of life of patients after ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) removal. In the present study, a survey of pediatric and congenital hydrocephalus patients was conducted to compare the quality of life of patients with a remaining VPS with that of patients who had the shunt removed.

Methods: Between February 2020 and November 2021, an outpatient survey was administered to patients 8 years of age and older who had undergone VPS due to a diagnosis of congenital hydrocephalus.

Novel quantitative software for automatically excluding red bone marrow on whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in patients with metastatic prostate cancer: A pilot study.

Objectives: To establish a novel quantitative method that automatically excludes the red bone marrow and accurately quantifies the tumor volume on whole-body magnetic resonance imaging using updated imaging software. To also evaluate the association between the quantified tumor volume and the prognosis of patients with metastatic prostate cancer.

Methods: This prospective analysis included patients diagnosed with metastatic hormone-sensitive or metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer between 2017 and 2022.

IMPDH inhibition activates TLR-VCAM1 pathway and suppresses the development of MLL-fusion leukemia.

Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is a rate-limiting enzyme in de novo guanine nucleotide synthesis pathway. Although IMPDH inhibitors are widely used as effective immunosuppressants, their antitumor effects have not been proven in the clinical setting. Here, we found that acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) with MLL-fusions are susceptible to IMPDH inhibitors in vitro.

Newborn with severe supratentorial subdural hematoma due to laceration of the tentorium cerebelli.

Purpose: A rare case of a newborn girl born by a normal vaginal delivery who developed a severe supratentorial subdural hematoma due to a laceration in the tentorium cerebelli is presented.

Methods And Results: The girl, born by normal vaginal delivery at 39 weeks and 4 days of gestation, showed an intermittent decrease in oxygen saturation and bulging of the anterior fontanelle. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a subdural hematoma centered in the left occipital region with a midline shift.

Significance of pelvic lymph node dissection during radical prostatectomy in high-risk prostate cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy.

We aimed to determine the survival and staging benefit of limited pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) during radical prostatectomy (RP) in high-risk prostate cancer (PC) patients treated with neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy. We retrospectively analyzed 516 patients with high-risk localized PC (< cT4N0M0) who received neoadjuvant androgen-deprivation therapy plus estramustine phosphate followed by RP between January 2010 and March 2020. Since we stopped limited PLND for such patients in October 2015, we compared the surgical outcomes and biochemical recurrence-free survival (BCR-FS) between the limited-PLND group (before October 2015, n = 283) and the non-PLND group (after November 2015, n = 233).

Peak value of serum KL-6 may be useful for predicting poor prognosis of severe COVID-19 patients.

Background: Serum Krebs von den Lungen 6 (KL-6), which reflects alveolar epithelial injury, was reported to be useful to predict the progression of pneumonitis induced by COVID-19 in the early phase. This study aimed to evaluate the peak value of serum KL-6 during hospitalization for COVID-19 to discover a more useful biomarker for predicting prognosis in COVID-19 patients.

Methods: In this retrospective, single-center, observational study, we analyzed the data of 147 hospitalized patients who required supplemental oxygen, high-flow oxygen therapy, or invasive mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure due to COVID-19 from March 2020 to February 2021.

Machine learning diagnosis by immunoglobulin N-glycan signatures for precision diagnosis of urological diseases.

Early diagnosis of urological diseases is often difficult due to the lack of specific biomarkers. More powerful and less invasive biomarkers that can be used simultaneously to identify urological diseases could improve patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate a urological disease-specific scoring system established with a machine learning (ML) approach using Ig N-glycan signatures.

Effect of active anticancer therapy on serologic response to SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine in patients with urothelial and renal cell carcinoma.

Objectives: To evaluate the serologic response to the BNT162b2 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccine in patients with urothelial carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma.

Methods: Between June 2021 and November 2021, we retrospectively evaluated blood samples from 60 healthy controls (control group), 57 patients with urothelial carcinoma, and 28 patients with renal cell carcinoma who had received two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine at Hirosaki University Hospital. We determined the immunoglobulin G antibody titers against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike receptor-binding domain.

Management of bladder cancer in older patients.

Evidence has shown that patients with bladder cancer are diagnosed at a much older age compared with those with other cancers. Given that co-morbidities and frailty are prevalent in older patients with advanced bladder cancer, they are easily excluded from randomized controlled trials. As little evidence has been available regarding assessment tools for frailty, the management of those patients remains challenging.