[Pharmacokinetic studies on oral antibiotics in pediatrics. V. A pharmacokinetic study on cefdinir in pediatrics].

A pharmacokinetic study was performed on cefdinir (CFDN, FK482) 5% fine granules for pediatric use, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. 1. Twenty school children were administered orally a dose level of 3 mg/kg of CFDN fine granules either at 30 minutes before meal (14 children) or 30 minutes after meal (6 children).

Congenital choledochal dilatation with emphasis on pathophysiology of the biliary tract.

Of 37 patients with congenital choledochal dilatation, aged 8 days to 12 years, who had undergone excision with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy, 26 patients could be analyzed for morphologic abnormalities and pathophysiology of the biliary tract. Of the 26 patients with congenital choledochal dilatation, 25 (96.2%) had an abnormal choledochopancreaticoductal junction.

[Laboratory and clinical evaluations of flomoxef sodium in neonates].

Flomoxef sodium (FMOX) was evaluated experimentally and clinically in neonates. 1. Serum concentrations and urinary excretions of the drug were examined after a bolus intravenous injection at 20 mg/kg to 22 neonates 1-30 days after birth (durations of pregnancy 31-43 weeks, weights at birth 1,650-4,040 g) and 5 infants 50-95 days after birth (durations of pregnancy 33-40 weeks, weights at birth 1,720-3,308 g).

[Pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical evaluations of cefdinir 10% fine granules in pediatrics].

Pharmacokinetic, bacteriological, and clinical studies on cefdinir (CFDN, FK482) (10% fine granules), a new oral cephem, were performed in pediatrics. 1. Bioequivalencies of plasma concentrations and urinary excretions of CFDN 5% and 10% fine granules were investigated on 3 pediatric patients with ages between 5 to 13 years administered with a drug in fasting state at a dose level of 3 mg/kg using a cross over method.

[Clinical evaluation of cefdinir 5% fine granules in pediatrics].

Clinical evaluation in pediatrics on cefdinir (CFDN, FK482) (5% fine granules), a new oral cephem, was performed. 1. CFDN was administered to 112 pediatric patients with ages between 1 month to 13 years with various infections.

[Pharmacokinetic studies on oral antibiotics in pediatrics. I. A pharmacokinetic study on cefixime in pediatrics].

A pharmacokinetic study on cefixime (CFIX) 5% granules for pediatric use was performed, and pharmacokinetic parameter were calculated. 1. Six school children were administered orally with CFIX granules at a dose level of 3 mg/kg either at 30 minutes before meal or at 30 minutes after meal on a crossover design, and serum concentrations and urinary excretion rates of CFIX were determined.

[A comparative study of weight of regional lymph nodes in association with the presence of metastasis in primary lung cancer patients].

The weight of regional lymph nodes was measured in 173 patients who underwent surgical resection of the primary lung cancer and lymph nodes from January, 1986 to January, 1989 in our hospital. Histological examination was also performed and correlation of metastasis and the weight of lymph nodes were studied. The average weight of metastatic lymph nodes was 2.

[Evaluation of rational lymph node dissection for abdominal neuroblastoma].

Complete tumor resection has a significant role in the treatment of localized neuroblastoma. Recently we have applied activated carbon particles to lymph node dissection in the surgery of retroperitoneal neuroblastoma with nodal involvement for the complete resection of this tumor. In this study, we have reviewed 22 consecutive patients with retroperitoneal neuroblastoma who received rational lymph node dissection using activated carbon particles from 1985 through 1990, including 16 patients detected through mass screening.

[Laboratory and clinical studies on cefpirome in pediatrics].

Cefpirome (HR 810, CPR), a new cephem antibiotic, was investigated for its experimental and clinical studies in pediatrics. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1.

Rat angiotensin II receptor: cDNA sequence and regulation of the gene expression.

The nucleotide and amino acid sequences for rat type I angiotensin II receptor were deduced through molecular cloning and sequence analysis of its complementary DNAs. The rat angiotensin II receptor consists of 359 amino acid residues and has a sequence similar to G protein-coupled receptors. The expression of this receptor gene was detected in the adrenal, liver and kidney by Northern blotting.

Cloning and expression of a complementary DNA encoding a bovine adrenal angiotensin II type-1 receptor.

Angiotensin II elicits different responses which affect cardiovascular, neuronal and electrolyte transport regulation. To understand the mechanisms responsible for its various actions, the receptor for angiotensin II has long been sought, but numerous attempts to purify the receptor have been unsuccessful owing to its instability and low concentration. We report here the expression cloning of a complementary DNA encoding a bovine angiotensin II receptor to overcome these difficulties.

[Results of noncurative resection of primary lung cancer].

Out of 1099 cases of primary lung cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment in our department from 1952 to 1988, 374 cases were divided as noncurative by the post surgical examination. We divided the causes of noncurative resection as follows; I) absolute noncurative resection 1) tumor rest in a) lymph nodes (Ly rest), b) chest wall or diaphragma (Ch + Dia rest), c) bronchial stump (Bro rest) 2) intra-pulmonary metastasis (pm), 3) dissemination or pleuritis carcinomatosa (Dis + pl) II) relative noncurative 1) incomplete dissection of lymph nodes (Ro) 2) group 2b lymph node metastasis (2b Ly). Ly rest was the commonnest (103 cases 27.

OK-432 therapy for unresectable lymphangiomas in children.

To avoid surgery-related complications, intralesional OK-432 therapy was used in 23 patients with unresectable lymphangiomas (1986 through 1989). Total or near total shrinkage of the lesions, without serious complication, was noted in 10, marked shrinkage in 8, slight shrinkage in 3, and no response was noted in the remaining 2. Recurrence of the lesions has not been observed during follow-up (4 to 35 months).

[A study of the absorption and excretion of fosfomycin sodium in children].

Fosfomycin sodium (FOM-Na, Forocyle-S) was administered at 25 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg to 15 children between the ages of 3 and 15 through intravenous injection or through 1 hour intravenous drip infusion, and concentrations in blood serum and excretion through urine were examined and a pharmacokinetic analysis was carried out using the one-compartment model. 1. Average concentrations in the blood serum after injections with 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg were 55.

[Clinical features and evaluation of initial antibiotic treatment in 125 cases with purulent meningitis in infancy and childhood].

A survey of purulent meningitis in infancy and childhood from 1980 through 1986 was made by sending questionnaires to 32 pediatric institutions in Aichi, Gifu and Shizuoka prefectures. Case cards of 125 patients were collected and analyzed. The results are summarized as follows: 1.

Isolation of preferentially expressed genes in the kidneys of hypertensive rats.

By differential hybridization, three complementary DNAs designated as S3, S2, and SA were isolated, and the corresponding messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were differentially expressed between the kidneys of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. S3 is identical to cytochrome P450 IV A2. SA encoded a protein of 546 amino acid residues, and its carboxyl terminal region had a slight homology to luciferase.

[Clinical evaluation of cefixime in pediatric respiratory tract infections].

Cefixime (CFIX) was evaluated clinically in pediatric respiratory tract infections, particularly those caused by Haemophilus influenzae: 1. The total number of children in this study treated with CFIX was 232, out of which 215 cases were evaluated for clinical efficacy and 224 cases were investigated for safety. A daily dosage of 3-6 mg/kg/day was given divided into 2 to 3 times daily for 3-15 days.

Cancer arising in a choledochal cyst in a 12-year-old girl.

An adenocarcinoma was found in a choledochal cyst in a 12-year-old girl. This is the youngest patient so far reported with an adenocarcinoma in a choledochal cyst. The cyst consisted of dilatations of the intrahepatic bile ducts and the extrahepatic bile duct.

[Basic and clinical studies on norfloxacin in the pediatric field].

Pharmacokinetic , bacteriological and clinical studies on norfloxacin (NFLX), a quinolone-carboxylic acid antibacterial agent, were conducted in the pediatric field. 1. Serum concentrations and urinary excretion of NFLX after single dose of 2.

Accessory scrotum with lipoma in an infant.

We report on a 2-year-old male infant with accessory scrotum with lipoma presenting a perineal mass. Preoperatively no abnormality in the urinary tract and the anorectum was demonstrated. The tumour was resected and perineoplasty was performed.

Molecular cloning of a complementary DNA to rat cyclophilin-like protein mRNA.

Using the technique of differential plaque filter hybridization, a rat cDNA was isolated whose corresponding gene expression in the kidney was positively modulated up to threefold by sodium depletion. This mRNA was more abundantly expressed in the kidneys of 17-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats than those of age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats. The putative protein encoded by this cDNA is a homologue of cyclophilin, a cytosolic binding protein for cyclosporin A.

The natural history of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A--a clinical analysis.

The records of 18 patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 2A in a family consisting of 87 members in 5 generations, were reviewed with respect to age at onset and length of survival in a study of the natural history of this syndrome. Of these 18 patients, 8 were alive following surgical treatment, while 10 had died without treatment. The clinical onset of medullary thyroid carcinoma was noticed as a nodule in the neck at between 17 and 34 years of age (mean 24 years); the onset of pheochromocytoma was characterized by palpitation, hypertensive attacks or recurrent headache at between 17 and 42 years of age (mean 27 years); and death occurred in 10 patients at between 23 and 67 years of age (mean 40.

[Significance of superior vena cava reconstruction with EPTFE grafts in the surgical treatment of superior and anterior mediastinal invasive malignant tumors].

The objective of this study is to demonstrate the significance of superior vena cava (SVC) reconstruction in the surgical treatment of superior and anterior mediastinal invasive malignant tumors, by using a total of 48 cases consisting of 36 invasive thymomas, 3 thymic cancers, 3 carcinoids, 2 germ cell tumors, 2 malignant lymphomas, 1 intrathoracic thyroid cancer and 1 malignant melanoma. In 22 of 48 cases there was only mediastinal pleural invasion or tumor capsule invasion, on the other hand, 26 cases had high ratios of invasion to adjacent organs, including lung, pericardium, great veins and the phrenic nerve. Sixteen of 26 cases had invasion to 1-2 adjacent organs, but 10 had 3-6 organ invasion.

Bile duct patterns in the hilar region of the liver in two cases of biliary atresia.

Bile duct patterns in the hilar region of the liver were demonstrated in two autopsy cases of biliary atresia by three-dimensional graphic reconstructions. In one case, jaundice had completely disappeared after successful hepatic portojejunostomy. However, at the age of 4 months, this patient died of cardiac failure caused by endocardial cushion defect.

[Pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on aztreonam in neonates].

Pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on aztreonam (AZT) were performed in neonates. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1.