"We didn't even have time to worry about our mental health." Long-term impact of the pandemic on nursing professionals' experiences.

Explore the experiences of nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact these experiences continue to have on their personal and professional lives. This qualitative study utilized interpretative phenomenological analysis with nine nursing professionals from southern Brazil. Two main themes and five subthemes were developed.

Detection of Mtb and NTM: preclinical validation of a new asymmetric PCR-binary deoxyribozyme sensor assay.

Tuberculosis (TB) and infectious diseases caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are global concerns. The development of a rapid and accurate diagnostic method, capable of detecting and identifying different mycobacteria species, is crucial. We propose a molecular approach, the BiDz-TB/NTM, based on the use of binary deoxyribozyme (BiDz) sensors for the detection of (Mtb) and NTM of clinical interest.

Genotyping methods and their contributions to the study of tuberculosis dynamic in Latin America.

Introduction: Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotyping has impacted evolutionary studies worldwide. Nonetheless, its application and the knowledge generated depend on the genetic marker evaluated and the detection technologies that have evolved over the years. Here we describe the timeline of main genotypic methods related to M.

2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride as colorimetric indicator for drug susceptibility testing against nontuberculous mycobacteria.

This study aimed to propose and evaluate a drug susceptibility testing (DST) using the 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) as a colorimetric indicator against Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABC), M. avium complex (MAC), and M. kansasii strains, main nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) of clinical relevance.

Spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Southern Brazilian persons deprived of liberty: a molecular epidemiology study.

To evaluate the genetic diversity and clustering rates of M. tuberculosis strains to better understand transmission among persons deprived of liberty (PDL) in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), southern Brazil. This is a cross-sectional study, including strains of M.

Epidemiology and control strategies for tuberculosis in countries with the largest prison populations.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious disease, and its control is considered a challenge, especially among vulnerable populations such as prisoners. The occurrence of TB in prisons is an alarming public health problem in many countries. This integrative review aims to describe the epidemiology of TB and control strategies for this disease in countries with the largest prison populations.

Prevalence of Overweight and Associated Factors in a Male Prison Population in the Extreme South of Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This cross-sectional study serves as a first Brazilian inventory about overweight as a marker for metabolic health and risk factor to develop noncommunicable chronic diseases in prison populations. The prevalence of overweight, and its associated factors in prisoners of the Fifth Regional State Penitentiary of Rio Grande do Sul (5th DPR) in the extreme South of Brazil were investigated using a precoded questionnaire with sociodemographic, behavioral, and health questions, applied to proportional stratified random sampled prisoners. Five hundred eighty male prisoners (70%) in the closed regime agreed to answer the questionnaire and allowed anthropomorphic body measurement, carried out by trained scientists.

Completeness of tuberculosis information system data from prisoners in the state Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Tuberculosis (TB) has a high incidence in several countries and is even more severe in prisoners. We evaluated the completeness of prisoners TB notifications in the Notifiable Disease Information System (SINAN) carried out by prison primary care teams (eAPP) or by other health facilities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). This descriptive cross-sectional study used prisoners data notifications in the SINAN TB by the eAPP or other health facilities from January 2014 to November 2018.

Tuberculosis in prison inmates in Southern Brazil: investigating the epidemiological and operational indicators.

Background: Tuberculosis is a worldwide public health problem and is more prevalent in specific populations, such as prisoners. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological and operational indicators of tuberculosis in prisoners in a southern region of Brazil.

Methods: This was a descriptive, observational study, utilizing secondary data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System on tuberculosis cases diagnosed in prisoners in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, from 2014 to 2018.

Thesis and dissertations examining tuberculosis in Brazil between 2013 and 2019: an overview.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious public health problem, with approximately 10 million new cases reported annually. Knowledge about the quantitative evolution of theses and dissertations (T&Ds) examining human TB in Brazil can contribute to generating strategic planning for training professionals in this field and disease control. Therefore, this study highlights the role of T&Ds on TB in national scientific disclosures.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria in patients with suspected tuberculosis and the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium avium in the extreme south of Brazil.

Objective: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are a heterogeneous group of bacteria that are widely distributed in nature and associated with opportunistic infections in humans. The aims of this study were to identify NTM in patients with suspected tuberculosis who presented positive cultures and to evaluate the genetic diversity of strains identified as Mycobacterium avium.

Methods: We studied pulmonary and extrapulmonary samples obtained from 1,248 patients.

and co-infection in an immunocompromised patient: Case report and literature review.

We report a case of fungal and mycobacterial co-infection in an immunosuppressed patient from Southern Brazil. Histoplasmosis was diagnosed in an AIDS patient admitted to the hospital with nonspecific respiratory signs. However, 4 months post hospital discharge, the patient worsened and a co-infection with was detected.

Mycobacterium avium: an overview.

Mycobacterium avium is an environmental microorganism found in soil and water sources worldwide. It is the most prevalent species of nontuberculous mycobacteria that causes infectious diseases, especially in immunocompromised individuals. This review discusses and highlights key topics about M.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. Isolates from Urinary Tract Infections in Southern Brazil.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of different extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) as well as to associate these ESBL with antimicrobial (ATM) resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. isolates from outpatients and inpatients with urinary tract infections. The study included 435 consecutive nonduplicate clinical isolates, including 362 E.

The interplay between mutations in cagA, 23S rRNA, gyrA and drug resistance in Helicobacter pylori.

In this study, we evaluated the mutations of Helicobacter pylori associated with resistance to clarithromycin and levofloxacin. Furthermore, based on the proposed interaction between antimicrobial resistance and pathogenicity, we correlated the mutation profiles of the strains with the presence of the pathogenicity gene cagA. We analyzed 80 gastric biopsy specimens from H.

Antifungal activity of diphenyl diselenide alone and in combination with itraconazole against Sporothrix brasiliensis.

Sporothrix brasiliensis is the main agent of feline and zoonotic sporotrichosis. Given the scarcity of options for sporotrichosis treatment and the promising activity of diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)2 against a diversity of fungal pathogens, this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro susceptibility of Sporothrix brasiliensis to (PhSe)2 alone and in combination with itraconazole (ITC). Forty clinical isolates of S.

DRUG RESISTANCE IN HELICOBACTER PYLORI.

Background: Helicobacter pylori has a worldwide distribution and is associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases of the digestive system. Treatment to eradicate this microorganism involves the use of a combination of antimicrobials, such as amoxicillin, metronidazole, clarithromycin, and levofloxacin, combined with proton pump inhibitors. Although the current therapy is effective, a high rate of treatment failure has been observed, mainly because of the acquisition of point mutations, one of the major resistance mechanisms developed by H.

Relationship of interleukin-1B gene promoter region polymorphism with Helicobacter pylori infection and gastritis.

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric carcinoma. The severity of damage is determined by the interplay between environmental/behavioral factors, bacterial pathogenicity genes and host genetic polymorphisms that can influence the secretion levels of inflammatory cytokines. Accordingly, this study aimed to identify polymorphisms in the IL-1B and IL-1RN genes and their associations with H.

Detection of Helicobacter pylori CagA EPIYA in gastric biopsy specimens and its relation to gastric diseases.

CagA of Helicobacter pylori undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation in a region containing differing numbers of repeat sequences (EPIYAs), which can result in a modulation of the inflammatory response. This study investigated whether the presence of CagA EPIYA variations in strains of H. pylori that are positive for this region contributes to differing degrees of disease severity in the gastric mucosa.

Polymorphisms of the IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 genes and the risk of gastric pathology in patients infected with Helicobacter pylori.

Background/purpose: Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric mucosal inflammation is mediated by proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Polymorphisms in genes that code cytokines influence cytokine secretion levels and appear to contribute to the risk of gastric diseases. In this sense, we performed this study to identify the polymorphisms in the IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 genes and their associations with H.

Evaluation of the Speed-Oligo Mycobacteria assay for the identification of nontuberculous mycobacteria.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) causing human infectious disease have become increasingly common. Rapid and accurate identification to the species level is, therefore, critical. The Speed-Oligo Mycobacteria assay is an oligochromatographic method that was made available recently for the identification and differentiation of mycobacteria.

cagE as a biomarker of the pathogenicity of Helicobacter pylori.

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with gastro-duodenal diseases. Genes related to pathogenicity have been described for H. pylori and some of them appear to be associated with more severe clinical outcomes of the infection.

Improving tuberculosis control through the partnership between university and the health system.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) control is linked to the availability of qualified methods for microbiological diagnostics; however, microscopy with limited sensitivity is the only method available in many locations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the introduction of culture, drug susceptibility testing (DST), and genotyping in the routine of a Municipal Program of Tuberculosis Control.

Methods: Direct microscopy of sputum and culture in Ogawa-Kudoh were performed on 1,636 samples from 787 patients.