[Evaluation of social demographic aspect of life quality of coal extraction workers in Kouzbass enterprises].

For assessing influence of social factors on life quality of workers in coal extraction enterpirses of Kemerovo region, the authors used questionnaire SF-36. Life quality parameters of workers engaged into coal extraction in Kemerovo region appeared to lower with age from 20 to 64 years. Life quality parameters on scales of pain, physical functioning and general health are invertedly correlated with age and length of service in hazardous work conditions for coal extraction workers.

[Regulation of geochemical activity of microorganisms in a petroleum reservoir by injection of H2O2 or water-air mixture].

In the course of pilot trials of biotechnologies for the enhancement of oil recovery in the Gangxi bed of the Dagang oil field (China), microbiological processes were investigated. The biotechnologies were based on injection into the petroleum reservoir of different oxygen sources (H2O2 solution or a water-air mixture) with nitrogen and phosphorus salts. The injection of water-air mixture with nitrogen and phosphorus salts resulted in an increase in the number of aerobic and anaerobic organotrophic bacteria, rates of sulfate reduction and methanogenesis in formation water and also the content of CO2 (from 4.

[Microbiological and production characteristics of the high-temperature Kongdian bed revealed during field trial of biotechnology for the enhancement of oil recovery].

Microbiological technology for the enhancement of oil recovery based on the activation of the stratal microflora was tested in the high-temperature horizons of the Kongdian bed (60 degrees C) of the Dagang oil field (China). This biotechnology consists in the pumping of a water-air mixture and nitrogen and phosphorus mineral salts into the oil stratum through injection wells in order to stimulate the activity of the stratal microflora which produce oil-releasing metabolites. Monitoring of the physicochemical, microbiological, and production characteristics of the test site has revealed large changes in the ecosystem as a result of the application of biotechnology.

[Microbiological investigations of high-temperature horizons of the Kongdian petroleum reservoir in connection with field trial of a biotechnology for enhancement of oil recovery].

The physicochemical conditions and microbiological characteristics of the formation waters of the Kongdian bed of the Dagang oil field (China) were studied. It was demonstrated that this bed is a high-temperature ecosystem with formation waters characterized by low mineralization. The concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds, as well as of electron acceptors, are low.

[Distribution and activity of microorganisms in the deep repository for liquid radioactive waste at the Siberian Chemical Combine].

The physicochemical conditions, composition of microbial communities, and the rates of anaerobic processes in the deep sandy horizons used as a repository for liquid radioactive wastes (LRW) at the Siberian Chemical Combine (Seversk, Tomsk oblast), were studied. Formation waters from the observation wells drilled into the production horizons of the radioactive waste disposal site were found to be inhabited by microorganisms of different physiological groups, including aerobic organotrophs, anaerobic fermentative, denitrifying, sulfate-reducing, and methanogenic bacteria. The density of microbial population, as determined by cultural methods, was low and usually did not exceed 10(4) cells/ml.

Radioisotopic, culture-based, and oligonucleotide microchip analyses of thermophilic microbial communities in a continental high-temperature petroleum reservoir.

Activity measurements by radioisotopic methods and cultural and molecular approaches were used in parallel to investigate the microbial biodiversity and its physiological potential in formation waters of the Samotlor high-temperature oil reservoir (Western Siberia, Russia). Sulfate reduction with rates not exceeding 20 nmol of H(2)S liter(-1) day(-1) occurred at 60 and 80 degrees C. In upper horizons (AB, A, and B), methanogenesis (lithotrophic and/or acetoclastic) was detected only in wells in which sulfate reduction did not occur.

[Degradation of machine oil by nocardiform bacteria].

Gas liquid chromatography (GLC) was used for the first time to screen for machine oil-degrading microorganisms. Oil degradation was evaluated from the microorganism respiratory activity during the utilization of oil as the sole carbon and energy source. The results are consistent with those obtained by the conventional weighing method.

[Physiologo-biochemical properties of a strain of Beijerinckia mobilis 1phi Phn+--a degrader of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons].

Beijerinckia mobilis 1f capable of degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was isolated from a soil contaminated with creosote. Strain 1f could utilize phenanthrene and naphthalene as the sole sources of carbon. The mean rate of phenanthrene degradation during culture growth was 7-8 micrograms/(ml h).

The catalytic mechanism of tyrosine phenol-lyase from Erwinia herbicola: the effect of substrate structure on pH-dependence of kinetic parameters in the reactions with ring-substituted tyrosines.

Apparently homogeneous tyrosine phenol-lyase (TPL) from Erwinia herbicola has been prepared by a new method. The pH-dependencies of the main kinetic parameters for the reactions of Erwinia TPL with tyrosine, 2-fluorotyrosine, 3-fluorotyrosine, 2-chlorotyrosine, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) have been studied. The pattern of pH-dependence of V(max) depends on the nature of the substituent in the aromatic ring.

[Monochlorophenols as enzyme substrates for the preparatory metabolism of phenol in Candida tropicalis yeasts].

The object of this work was to find out whether Candida tropicalis can be used for monochlorophenol degradation. Phenol monooxygenase and pyrocatechase, enzymes involved in preparatory phenol metabolism were shown to catalyse transformation of 3- and 4-chlorophenols. Phenol monooxygenase catalyses hydroxylation of 3- and 4-chlorophenols to 4-chloropyrocatechol which yields beta-chloromuconic acid under the action of pyrocatechase.

[Preparatory metabolism of p-hydroxybenzoic acid in Candida tropicalis].

A technique of experimental adaptation was used to obtain mutants of Candida tropicalis which were able to utilize p-hydroxybenzoic acid as the sole source of carbon and energy. The preparatory metabolism of p-hydroxybenzoic acid involves the following stages: PHBA leads to quinol leads to hydroxyquinol leads to maleylacetic acid leads to beta-ketoadipic acid. The enzyme system which catalyzes oxidative decarboxylation of PHBA mediates also oxidative decarboxylation of protocatechuic, beta-resorcylic and gallic acids, i.

[Preliminary metabolism of D-ribose by Candida bombi].

The activity of D-ribokinase increases and its constitutive synthesis takes place in the yeast Candida bombi after its adaptation to D-ribose. The activity of the enzymes of preparatory metabolism of D-ribose via the reductive pathway after the adaptation to this pentose is low and no growth is found in the medium containing ribitol; therefore, metabolism of D-ribose in C. bombi proceeds via the kinase pathway.