Copulatory behavior in a pholcid spider: males use specialized genitalic movements for sperm removal and copulatory courtship.

Sexual selection may operate on pre-copulatory, copulatory, and post-copulatory traits. An example of a copulatory target of sexual selection is the genitalic movements a male performs during copulation. These movements may function either to prevent sperm competition or to influence a female's fertilization decision.