Performance Validity, Neurocognitive Disorder, and Post-concussion Symptom Reporting in Service Members with a History of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objective: To examine the influence of different performance validity test (PVT) cutoffs on neuropsychological performance, post-concussion symptoms, and rates of neurocognitive disorder and postconcussional syndrome following mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) in active duty service members.

Method: Participants were 164 service members (Age: M = 28.1 years [SD = 7.

Safety of Active Rehabilitation for Persistent Symptoms After Pediatric Sport-Related Concussion: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: To examine the safety and tolerability of an active rehabilitation program for adolescents who are slow to recover from a sport-related concussion, and secondarily to estimate the treatment effect for this intervention.

Design: Single-site, parallel, open-label, randomized controlled trial comparing treatment as usual (TAU) to TAU plus active rehabilitation.

Setting: Outpatient concussion clinic.

Preclinical modelling of militarily relevant traumatic brain injuries: Challenges and recommendations for future directions.

As a follow-up to the 2008 state-of-the-art (SOTA) conference on traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), the 2015 event organized by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Office of Research and Development (ORD) analysed the knowledge gained over the last 7 years as it relates to basic scientific methods, experimental findings, diagnosis, therapy, and rehabilitation of TBIs and blast-induced neurotraumas (BINTs). The current article summarizes the discussions and recommendations of the scientific panel attending the Preclinical Modeling and Therapeutic Development Workshop of the conference, with special emphasis on factors slowing research progress and recommendations for ways of addressing the most significant pitfalls.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is associated with baseline child sport concussion assessment tool third edition scores in child hockey players.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to report baseline, preseason data for the Child-SCAT3, stratified by attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) status, and examine group differences in Child-SCAT3 performance between children with and without ADHD.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Young male hockey players (n = 304), aged 8-12 years, were administered the Child-SCAT3 during pre-season.

Examining Microstructural White Matter in Active Duty Soldiers with a History of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Traumatic Stress.

Background: There is a high comorbidity of posttraumatic stress (PTS) and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), with largely overlapping symptomatology, in military service members.

Objective: To examine white matter integrity associated with PTS and mTBI as assessed using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Method: Seventy-four active-duty U.

Psychiatric Comorbidity and Psychosocial Problems Among Treatment-Seeking Veterans With a History of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Mild traumatic brain injuries (MTBIs) are common in sports, military service, and daily life. Limited data are available on the mental health needs of veterans with a history of MTBI who are seeking care in the community. The purpose of this article is to describe the mental health and psychosocial difficulties of a group of treatment-seeking veterans with a history of MTBI.

Effects of Exercise on Sport Concussion Assessment Tool-Third Edition Performance in Professional Athletes.

Background: The Sport Concussion Assessment Tool-Third Edition (SCAT3) is currently considered the standard sideline assessment for concussions. In-game exercise, however, may affect SCAT3 performance and the diagnosis of concussions.

Purpose: To examine the influence of exercise on SCAT3 performance in professional male athletes.

Preliminary Validation of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

The purpose of this study is to examine the reliability, factor structure, and validity of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0 12 item version) in a sample of patients who were slow to recover from a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Participants were 79 adults with mTBI recruited from one of four specialty outpatient clinics in Vancouver, Canada.

Video and clinical screening of national rugby league players suspected of sustaining concussion.

Primary Objective: This study reviewed the available sideline Sport Concussion Assessment Tool-Third Edition (SCAT3) performance of players who were removed from play using the 'concussion interchange rule' (CIR), the available video footage of these incidences, and associated return to play and concussion diagnosis decisions.

Research Design: Descriptive, observational case series.

Methods And Procedures: Data were collected from all NRL players who used the CIR during the 2014 season.

Evidence of Concussion Signs in National Rugby League Match Play: a Video Review and Validation Study.

Background: Many professional sports have introduced sideline video review to help recognise concussions. The reliability and validity of identifying clinical and observable signs of concussion using video analysis has not been extensively explored. This study examined the reliability and validity of clinical signs of concussion using video analysis in the National Rugby League (NRL).

Preventable diagnostic errors in fatal cervical spine injuries: a nationwide register-based study from 1987 to 2010.

Background: Fall-induced injuries in patients are increasing in number, and they often lead to serious consequences, such as cervical spine injuries (CSI). CSI diagnostics remain a challenge despite improved radiological services.

Purpose: Our aim is to define the incidence and risk factors for diagnostic errors among patients who died following a CSI.

The impact of fatigue and energy on work functioning and impairment in patients with major depressive disorder treated with desvenlafaxine.

Fatigue and low energy are cardinal symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) that have an impact on work functioning. Antidepressants with noradrenergic activity have been hypothesized to improve symptoms of fatigue and low energy. We examined the impact of these symptoms on work functioning in patients with MDD treated with the serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor, desvenlafaxine.

Work Productivity Loss After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objectives: To examine the completeness of return to work (RTW) and the degree of productivity loss in individuals who do achieve a complete RTW after mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI).

Design: Multisite prospective cohort.

Setting: Outpatient concussion clinics.

Observational Review and Analysis of Concussion: a Method for Conducting a Standardized Video Analysis of Concussion in Rugby League.

Background: Several professional contact and collision sports have recently introduced the use of sideline video review for club medical staff to help identify and manage concussions. As such, reviewing video footage on the sideline has become increasingly relied upon to assist with improving the identification of possible injury. However, as yet, a standardized method for reviewing such video footage in rugby league has not been published.

Advanced clinical interpretation of the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System: multivariate base rates of low scores.

Objective: Multivariate base rates allow for the simultaneous statistical interpretation of multiple test scores, quantifying the normal frequency of low scores on a test battery. This study provides multivariate base rates for the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS).

Method: The D-KEFS consists of 9 tests with 16 Total Achievement scores (i.

Predictors of clinical recovery from concussion: a systematic review.

Objective: A systematic review of factors that might be associated with, or influence, clinical recovery from sport-related concussion. Clinical recovery was defined functionally as a return to normal activities, including school and sports, following injury.

Design: Systematic review.

Contribution of Perceived Cognitive Functioning to Quality of Life in Service Members and Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

Perceived cognitive impairment is a core clinical feature of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and may be an important determinant of quality of life (QOL) in those who suffer from this disorder. Using a clinical data repository, we evaluated this hypothesis in a cross-sectional sample of U.S.

A systematic review of potential long-term effects of sport-related concussion.

Objective: Systematic review of possible long-term effects of sports-related concussion in retired athletes.

Data Sources: Ten electronic databases.

Study Selection: Original research; incidence, risk factors or causation related to long-term mental health or neurological problems; individuals who have suffered a concussion; retired athletes as the subjects and possible long-term sequelae defined as 10 years after the injury.

The Child Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5th Edition (Child SCAT5): Background and rationale.

This article presents the Child Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5th Edition (Child SCAT5). The Sport Concussion Assessment Tool was introduced in 2004, following the 2nd International Conference on Concussion in Sport in Prague, Czech Republic. Following the 4th International Consensus Conference, held in Zurich, Switzerland, in 2012, the SCAT 3rd edition (Child SCAT3) was developed for children aged between 5 and12 years.

Using Multivariate Base Rates to Interpret Low Scores on an Abbreviated Battery of the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System.

Objective: Executive function consists of multiple cognitive processes that operate as an interactive system to produce volitional goal-oriented behavior, governed in large part by frontal microstructural and physiological networks. Identification of deficits in executive function in those with neurological or psychiatric conditions can be difficult because the normal variation in executive function test scores, in healthy adults when multiple tests are used, is largely unknown. This study addresses that gap in the literature by examining the prevalence of low scores on a brief battery of executive function tests.

Baseline cognitive test performance and concussion-like symptoms among adolescent athletes with ADHD: examining differences based on medication use.

Objective: Youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) perform more poorly on preseason cognitive testing and report more baseline concussion-like symptoms but prior studies have not examined the influence of medication use on test performance or symptom reporting. This study investigated whether medication use is relevant when interpreting baseline ImPACT® results from student athletes with ADHD.

Method: Participants were 39,247 adolescent athletes, ages 13-18 (mean age = 15.

Interpreting Patterns of Low Scores on the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery.

Introduction: The National Institutes of Health Toolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function Cognition Battery is comprised of seven cognitive tests, including two tests measuring crystallized cognitive ability (i.e., vocabulary and reading) and five tests measuring fluid cognitive functioning (i.

Reliable Change on Memory Tests is Common in Healthy Children and Adolescents.

Objective: Neuropsychologists interpret a large number of scores in their assessments, including numerous retest scores to determine change over time. The rate at which healthy children and adolescents obtain reliably improved or declined memory scores when retested has yet to be explored. The purpose of this study was to illustrate the prevalence of reliable change scores on memory test batteries in healthy children and adolescents.