The modern view of the use of extracorporeal detoxification in the treatment of drug poisoning (overdose).

Objective: Aim: To analyze the results of the application of extracorporeal detoxification methods in the treatment of drug poisoning and their complications..

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The studied data of 129 patients aged 18-46 years with severe drug poisoning treated at the Kyiv toxicological center in 2010-2020.

Layered complexity, reorganisational ability and self-healing mechanisms of heteropolysaccharide solutions.

Heteropolysaccharides are among the most widely distributed compounds in nature, acting as both tissue building blocks and as a source of nutrients. Their physicochemical and biological properties have been studied thoroughly; however, the microstructural properties of heteropolysaccharides are still poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the micro-structural peculiarities of agarose, gum arabic, hyaluronic and alginic acids by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM).

Automatic hepatic tumor segmentation in intra-operative ultrasound: a supervised deep-learning approach.

Purpose: Training and evaluation of the performance of a supervised deep-learning model for the segmentation of hepatic tumors from intraoperative US (iUS) images, with the purpose of improving the accuracy of tumor margin assessment during liver surgeries and the detection of lesions during colorectal surgeries.

Approach: In this retrospective study, a U-Net network was trained with the nnU-Net framework in different configurations for the segmentation of CRLM from iUS. The model was trained on B-mode intraoperative hepatic US images, hand-labeled by an expert clinician.

Implementation of dosimetry for molecular radiotherapy; results from a European survey.

Purpose: The use of molecular radiotherapy (MRT) has been rapidly evolving over the last years. The aim of this study was to assess the current implementation of dosimetry for MRTs in Europe.

Methods: A web-based questionnaire was open for treating centres between April and June 2022, and focused on 2020-2022.

Time-Activity data fitting in molecular Radiotherapy: Methodology and pitfalls.

Absorbed radiation doses are essential in assessing the effects, e.g. safety and efficacy, of radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT).

Counting households containing same-sex couples: an inclusive approach.

Though societal acceptance of same-sex unions has grown, resulting in more inclusive government programs and policies and expanded legal protections, analysts remain uncertain about how to identify and enumerate same-sex households. Presently, the counts available of same-sex households in the United States oftentimes disagree. We show that the origins of these conflicting counts can be traced back to definitional and measurement issues in household surveys.

Control of Intermolecular Interactions toward the Production of Free-Standing Interfacial Polydopamine Films.

Aggregation of the polydopamine (PDA) molecular building blocks at the air/water interface leads to obtaining large surface nanometric-thin films. This mechanism follows two possible pathways, namely, covalent or non-covalent self-assembly, which result in a different degree of structure order and, consequently, different structural properties. Control of this mechanism could be vital for applications that require true self-support PDA free-standing films, for example, electrochemical sensing or membrane technology.

[Diagnosis and new treatment options for pituitary adenomas].

Currently, the treatment of pituitary adenomas is inextricably linked with transsphenoidal neurosurgical intervention. Modern technologies used in surgery for this pituitary pathology, such as endoscopy using angled optics, as well as the use of specialized instruments, sealing and hemostatic materials, increase the effectiveness of surgical treatment of pituitary adenomas and reduce the incidence of intraand postoperative complications. The development of radiation methods of diagnostics, such as MRI, makes it possible to more accurately identify the formation of the pituitary gland, assess its size, direction of growth, and the degree of invasion of surrounding tissues.

Regulatory T cells suppress the formation of potent KLRK1 and IL-7R expressing effector CD8 T cells by limiting IL-2.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are indispensable for maintaining self-tolerance by suppressing conventional T cells. On the other hand, Tregs promote tumor growth by inhibiting anticancer immunity. In this study, we identified that Tregs increase the quorum of self-reactive CD8 T cells required for the induction of experimental autoimmune diabetes in mice.

Cryo-SEM and confocal LSM studies of agar gel, nanoparticle hydrocolloid, mineral clays and saline solutions.

Cryogenic electron microscopy became a powerful tool to study biological objects. For non-biological objects (solutions, gels, dispersions, clays), the polemic about interpretation of cryogenic microscopy results is still in progress splitting on two contradictive trends: considering structure as a near-real state of the sample or as freezing artefacts. In this study, a microstructure of a range of stable aqueous solutions and dispersions (agar, kaolin, montmorillonite, nanoparticles) was investigated by means of cryo-SEM and confocal LSM in order to compare cryo-fixed and unfrozen structures.

Ultrasound-based navigation for open liver surgery using active liver tracking.

Purpose: Despite extensive preoperative imaging, intraoperative localization of liver lesions after systemic treatment can be challenging. Therefore, an image-guided navigation setup is explored that links preoperative diagnostic scans and 3D models to intraoperative ultrasound (US), enabling overlay of detailed diagnostic images on intraoperative US. Aim of this study is to assess the workflow and accuracy of such a navigation system which compensates for liver motion.

CBCT-based navigation system for open liver surgery: Accurate guidance toward mobile and deformable targets with a semi-rigid organ approximation and electromagnetic tracking of the liver.

Purpose: The surgical navigation system that provides guidance throughout the surgery can facilitate safer and more radical liver resections, but such a system should also be able to handle organ motion. This work investigates the accuracy of intraoperative surgical guidance during open liver resection, with a semi-rigid organ approximation and electromagnetic tracking of the target area.

Methods: The suggested navigation technique incorporates a preoperative 3D liver model based on diagnostic 4D MRI scan, intraoperative contrast-enhanced CBCT imaging and electromagnetic (EM) tracking of the liver surface, as well as surgical instruments, by means of six degrees-of-freedom micro-EM sensors.

Clinical Implementation of In-House Developed MR-Based Patient-Specific 3D Models of Liver Anatomy.

Knowledge of patient-specific liver anatomy is key to patient safety during major hepatobiliary surgery. Three-dimensional (3D) models of patient-specific liver anatomy based on diagnostic MRI images can provide essential vascular and biliary anatomical insight during surgery. However, a method for generating these is not yet publicly available.

Artificial intelligence in the medical physics community: An international survey.

Purpose: To assess current perceptions, practices and education needs pertaining to artificial intelligence (AI) in the medical physics field.

Methods: A web-based survey was distributed to the European Federation of Organizations for Medical Physics (EFOMP) through social media and email membership list. The survey included questions about education, personal knowledge, needs, research and professionalism around AI in medical physics.

Accurate surgical navigation with real-time tumor tracking in cancer surgery.

In the past decades, image-guided surgery has evolved rapidly. In procedures with a relatively fixed target area, like neurosurgery and orthopedics, this has led to improved patient outcomes. In cancer surgery, intraoperative guidance could be of great benefit to secure radical resection margins since residual disease is associated with local recurrence and poor survival.

Nanocomposite Gel as Injectable Therapeutic Scaffold: Microstructural Aspects and Bioactive Properties.

The development of tissue scaffolds able to provide proper and accelerated regeneration of tissue is a main task of tissue engineering. We developed a nanocomposite gel that may be used as an injectable therapeutic scaffold. The nanocomposite gel is based on biocompatible gelling agents with embedded nanoparticles (iron oxide, silver, and hydroxyapatite) providing therapeutic properties.

A workflow for automated segmentation of the liver surface, hepatic vasculature and biliary tree anatomy from multiphase MR images.

Accurate assessment of 3D models of patient-specific anatomy of the liver, including underlying hepatic and biliary tree, is critical for preparation and safe execution of complex liver resections, especially due to high variability of biliary and hepatic artery anatomies. Dynamic MRI with hepatospecific contrast agents is currently the only type of diagnostic imaging that provides all anatomical information required for generation of such a model, yet there is no information in the literature on how the complete 3D model can be generated automatically. In this work, a new automated segmentation workflow for extraction of patient-specific 3D model of the liver, hepatovascular and biliary anatomy from a single multiphase MRI acquisition is developed and quantitatively evaluated.