[Combined determination of spontaneous and antigen-induced production of cytokines for differential diagnostics of active tuberculosis of lungs and latent tuberculosis infection].

Aim: Choice of informative biomarkers for diagnostics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and differential diagnostics of active tuberculosis (TB) of lungs and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI).

Materials And Methods: 54 tuberculosis patients, 47 contact by TB, individuals and 43 healthy donors were examined. All the individuals included into the study had QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (Cellestis, Australia) carried out.

[Revealing of tuberculosis in an infectious diseases hospital of a megalopolis].

The advisory work of the phthisiatrician in an infectious diseases hospital was analyzed; the analysis revealed that in 2005 tuberculose changes of various degrees of activity had been revealed in 42.5% of examined patients, and 32.1% of them were subjects in whom tuberculosis of diferent localizations had been revealed for the first time.

[Steroidal leukocytosis and immediate results of treatment in patients with sarcoidosis].

The occurrence of steroidal leukocytosis at early stages of an observation may, to a certain extent, serve an objective criterion for predicting the pronounced immediate results of treatment in first detected patients with sarcoidosis (that of intrathoracic lymph nodes and the lung in particular) and thus makes it possible to judge the adequacy of therapy in the inpatient setting. When steroidal leukocytosis is absent, it is necessary to differentiately decide whether it is expedient to correct a hormonal therapy regimen in order to achieve the optimal results of its efficiency.

[Clinical analysis of reasons for the absence of bacterial isolation in new cases of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis].

Saint Petersburg has been marked by a reduction in the efficiency of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) detection in the past 5 years. This is suggested by negative changes in the ratio of the rate of detected bacterial isolation to the phase of lung decay in new cases of tuberculosis. This is largely due to the fact that before treatment, clinicians do not fulfil in full measure the regulated requirements for the choice of studies and for the frequency of examinations for MBT.

[Causes of hospitalization of non-tuberculous patients in a tuberculosis hospital].

In present epidemiological and economic conditions tuberculosis suspects should be hospitalized to specialized tuberculosis hospitals only after they are carefully examined for cancer of the lungs and lingering pneumonia. For this an obligatory diagnostic minimum should be introduced.

[Analysis of tuberculosis mortality in a general hospital of a large city].

In thanatogenesis of tuberculosis in emergency cases admitted to general hospitals in 1998-2000 predominated acute destructive prigressive forms which are most unfavourable epidemiologically. At autopsies tuberculosis is encountered 3 times more frequently. The diagnosis of tuberculosis is missed because of critical condition of the patients and their short stay in hospital due to early lethal outcome which doesn't allow adequate examination for tuberculosis.

[Causes of negative x-ray changes in the lungs of patients with tuberculosis].

The study examines various manifestations and causes of negative X-ray changes (NXC) in the lung of patients with tuberculosis, which were observed by the authors in 7% of cases. Among the causes of NXC, there was a predominance (64.7%) of progressive tuberculosis caused 7 leading predisposing factors, whereas in other cases (35.

[Radionuclide pollution of the Vitebsk region].

The 137Cs content has been determined for probes of flora, fauna, food, soil and autopsy material from Vitebsk Region. The 137Cs content was established not to be more, than the Republic Control Levels of 1992. The dynamic of 137Cs accumulation in potato for 1981-1995 has been shown.

[The use of wild animals in radioecological monitoring].

Radionuclide content in muscular and osseous tissues of elks and wild boars was determined by means of spectrum analysis. The radioactive caesium accumulation dynamics in muscular tissues of elks and wild boars from 1986 till 1992 years is presented.

[Centralized control of the quality of diagnosis and detection of tuberculosis without pulmonary destruction and bacterial discharge].

The City Supervision Committee (CSC) has been set up in St. Petersburg to control detection, quality of diagnosis and treatment of new-onset cases of tuberculosis without destruction and bacterial discharge. The CSC members contributed to unification of diagnostic and activity status techniques, helped introduce retrospective survey of fluorograms, raise responsibility of practitioners.

[Results of a combined use of the tuberculin provocation test and immunoenzyme analysis in phthisis].

In patients with early respiratory tuberculosis serum levels of specific antibodies were measured before and after Koch's test using an enzyme immunoassay (EIA). The latter was most informative in evaluating the baseline level of the antibodies to make a differential diagnosis of tuberculosis. When followed by EIA, the tuberculin provocative test enhances EIA sensitivity thus contributing to more effective detection of specific process of minor activity.

[Diagnosis and treatment of pleural lesions in sarcoidosis of the respiratory organs].

Among the 2775 respiratory sarcoidosis patients who were examined over the last ten years 278 (10%) had pleural affections: thickening of interlobular pleura and pleural deposits (98.2%), exudative pleurisy (1.1%) and spontaneous pneumothorax (0.

[Reasons complicating the diagnosis and determination of the tubercular activity of respiratory organs].

The analysis of 260 cases of doubtful diagnosis and the definition of tuberculosis activity in newly-discovered patients demonstrated that these difficulties frequently resulted from nonadherence to conventional organizational, remedial and diagnostic measures in addition to the absence of continuity in the work of personnel of different medical institutions.