Suboptimal patient positioning with panoramic and CBCT imaging: effects on dose.

Objective: This study examined the effects of changes in patient positioning on radiation exposure for panoramic and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) radiographic examinations by measuring effective dose (E) and equivalent doses.

Study Design: Simulated radiographic examinations with optimal and suboptimal positioning-anterior shift by 1 centimeter (cm), posterior shift by 1 cm, chin lowered by 10 degrees (°), chin elevated by 10°, rotation by 10°, and lateral shift by 1 cm-were conducted using a tissue-equivalent phantom and optically-stimulated luminescent dosimeters. Exposures were made with the RAYSCAN Alpha Plus 160 X-ray unit using the following exposure parameters: panoramic, 80 kVp, 14 mA, and 13.

Expressions of uncertainty in online science communication hinder information diffusion.

Despite the importance of transparent communication of uncertainty surrounding scientific findings, there are concerns that communicating uncertainty might damage the public perception and dissemination of science. Yet, a lack of empirical research on the potential impact of uncertainty communication on the diffusion of scientific findings poses challenges in assessing such claims. We studied the effect of uncertainty in a field study and a controlled experiment.

Mesoscale properties of biomolecular condensates emerging from protein chain dynamics.

Biomolecular condensates form by phase separation of biological polymers. The cellular functions of the resulting membraneless organelles are closely linked to their physical properties over a wide range of length- and timescales: From the nanosecond dynamics of individual molecules and their interactions, to the microsecond translational diffusion of molecules in the condensates, to their viscoelastic properties at the mesoscopic scale. However, it has remained unclear how to quantitatively link these properties across scales.

Challenges for assessment of cohabiting stocks of argentine shortfin squid using parasites as biological tags.

The Argentine shortfin squid is one of the most important commercial species for the Argentine fisheries. The understanding of its stock structure is therefore necessary to ensure fishery sustainability and, given the relevance of squids in the regional food web, for biodiversity conservation. An overlap between parasitology and fisheries lies in the use of parasites as biological tags to identify the stock composition of exploited resources, however, the efficiency of this methodology has been questioned for stock assessment in cephalopods.

Calcified amorphous tumor of the posterior mitral annulus.

Unlabelled: A 73-year-old male with a history of hypertension, congenital kidney aplasia, status post-myocardial infarction, stroke, and chronic renal insufficiency was admitted to our institute due to coronary artery bypass grafting. Preoperative echocardiogram revealed a 15 × 7 mm mass arising near the posterior mitral annulus. Following the coronary artery bypass grafting, the left atrial cavity was explored using a 30° endoscope.

Empowering Hospitalized Patients With Diabetes: Implementation of a Hospital-wide CGM Policy With EHR-Integrated Validation for Dosing Insulin.

Objective: We aimed to assess the feasibility, clinical accuracy, and acceptance of a hospital-wide continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) policy with electronic health record (EHR)-integrated validation for insulin dosing.

Research Design And Methods: A hospital policy was developed and implemented at Stanford Health Care for using personal CGMs in lieu of fingerstick blood glucose (FSBG) monitoring. It included requirements specific to each CGM, accuracy monitoring protocols, and EHR integration.

Validation of Serbian version of the LittlEARS® Early Speech Production Questionnaire for the assessment of early language development in typically developing children.

Objective: The LittlEARS® Early Speech Production Questionnaire (LEESPQ) was developed to provide professionals with valuable information about children's earliest language development and has been successfully validated in several languages. This study aimed to validate the Serbian version of the LEESPQ in typically developing children and compare the results with validation studies in other languages.

Methods: The English version of the LEESPQ was back-translated into Serbian.

Influence of Thermal Treatment on the Chemical and Structural Properties of Geopolymer Gels Doped with NdO and SmO.

In this research, the influence of the thermal treatment of geopolymer gels at 300 °C, 600 °C and 900 °C when incorporated with 5% rare earth elements (REEs) in the form of (GP-Sm) SmO and (GP-Nd) NdO was investigated. Changes in the chemical and structural properties of the geopolymer gels during thermal treatment for 1 h were monitored. Physico-chemical characterization was performed using the following methods: diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

A Morphology-Preserving Algorithm for Denoising of EMG-Contaminated ECG Signals.

Clinical interpretation of an electrocardiogram (ECG) can be detrimentally affected by noise. Removal of the electromyographic (EMG) noise is particularly challenging due to its spectral overlap with the QRS complex. The existing EMG-denoising algorithms often distort signal morphology, thus obscuring diagnostically relevant information.

Mobocertinib in Patients with EGFR Exon 20 Insertion-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (MOON): An International Real-World Safety and Efficacy Analysis.

EGFR exon 20 (EGFR Ex20) insertion mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are insensitive to traditional EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Mobocertinib is the only approved TKI specifically designed to target EGFR Ex20. We performed an international, real-world safety and efficacy analysis on patients with EGFR Ex20-positive NSCLC enrolled in a mobocertinib early access program.

Species: Excellent Biocontrol Agents against Tomato Diseases.

Tomatoes encounter many pathogens, such as fungi and bacteria, which reduce the yield and quality of plants and lead to large losses in production. The application of plant protection products (PPPs) is still an important and most effective measure to control plant diseases. However, the use of chemicals in agriculture contributes to environmental pollution and biodiversity loss, and it can also threaten non-target living organisms.

A novel variable neighborhood search approach for cell clustering for spatial transcriptomics.

This paper introduces a new approach to cell clustering using the Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) metaheuristic. The purpose of this method is to cluster cells based on both gene expression and spatial coordinates. Initially, we confronted this clustering challenge as an Integer Linear Programming minimization problem.

Exploratory Analysis of Image-Guided Ionizing Radiation Delivery to Induce Long-Term Iron Accumulation and Ferritin Expression in a Lung Injury Model: Preliminary Results.

Background: Radiation therapy (RT) is an integral and commonly used therapeutic modality for primary lung cancer. However, radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) limits the irradiation dose used in the lung and is a significant source of morbidity. Disruptions in iron metabolism have been linked to radiation injury, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

THE IMPACT OF ROUTINE CARDIAC TROPONIN I-BASED CARDIOTOXICITY SCREENING ON CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS ON CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY.

Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) used as cancer therapy have been associated with a range of cardiac immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including fulminant myocarditis with a high case fatality rate. Early detection through cardiotoxicity screening by biomarker monitoring can lead to prompt intervention and improved patient outcomes. In this study, we investigate the association between cardiotoxicity screening with routine serial troponin I monitoring in asymptomatic patients receiving ICI, cardiovascular adverse event (CV AE) detection, and overall survival (OS).

Influence of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide on the Activity and Conformational Changes of -Amylase, Lipase, and Peroxidase in the Solid State Using White Wheat Flour as an Example.

Green technologies using renewable and alternative sources, including supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO), are becoming a priority for researchers in a variety of fields, including the control of enzyme activity which, among other applications, is extremely important in the food industry. Namely, extending shelf life of e.g.

A Database of Simultaneously Recorded ECG Signals With and Without EMG Noise.

Noise on recorded electrocardiographic (ECG) signals may affect their clinical interpretation. Electromyographic (EMG) noise spectrally coincides with the QRS complex, which makes its removal particularly challenging. The problem of evaluating the noise-removal techniques has commonly been approached by algorithm testing on the contaminated ECG signals constructed as an additive mixture of a noise-free ECG signal and noise.

SGABU computational platform for multiscale modeling: Bridging the gap between education and research.

Background And Objective: In accordance with the latest aspirations in the field of bioengineering, there is a need to create a web accessible, but powerful cloud computational platform that combines datasets and multiscale models related to bone modeling, cancer, cardiovascular diseases and tissue engineering. The SGABU platform may become a powerful information system for research and education that can integrate data, extract information, and facilitate knowledge exchange with the goal of creating and developing appropriate computing pipelines to provide accurate and comprehensive biological information from the molecular to organ level.

Methods: The datasets integrated into the platform are obtained from experimental and/or clinical studies and are mainly in tabular or image file format, including metadata.

Parasite assemblages in volatile host stocks: inter- and intra-cohort variability restrict their value as biological tags for squid stock assessment.

The Argentine shortfin squid, , inhabits in the southwest Atlantic; it is a semelparous species which grows rapidly along its 1 year lifespan. The identification of its stocks is critical for sustainable fishery exploitation. Parasites have been used as biological indicators in a lower number of studies dealing with squids, therefore a validation of this methodology is necessary.

Assessing the role of phosphorylated S6 ribosomal protein in the pathological diagnosis of pulmonary antibody-mediated rejection.

Background: Pulmonary antibody-mediated rejection is still a challenging diagnosis as C4d immunostaining has poor sensitivity. Previous studies have indicated that the phosphorylated S6 ribosomal protein, a component of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, is correlated with de novo donor-specific antibodies in lung transplantation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the phosphorylation of S6 ribosomal protein as a surrogate for antibody-mediated rejection diagnosis in lung transplant patients.

Driving forces of the complex formation between highly charged disordered proteins.

Highly disordered complexes between oppositely charged intrinsically disordered proteins present a new paradigm of biomolecular interactions. Here, we investigate the driving forces of such interactions for the example of the highly positively charged linker histone H1 and its highly negatively charged chaperone, prothymosin α (ProTα). Temperature-dependent single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiments and isothermal titration calorimetry reveal ProTα-H1 binding to be enthalpically unfavorable, and salt-dependent affinity measurements suggest counterion release entropy to be an important thermodynamic driving force.

Analysis of neuropsychological and neuroradiological features for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.

Background: Age-related neurodegenerative diseases are constantly increasing with prediction that in 2050 over 60 % of population will suffer from some level of cognitive impairment. A cure for the Alzheimer's disease (AD) does not exist, so early diagnosis is of a great importance. Machine learning techniques can help in early diagnosis with deep medical data processing, disease understanding, intervention analysis and knowledge discovery for achieving better medical decision making.

Extreme dynamics in a biomolecular condensate.

Proteins and nucleic acids can phase-separate in the cell to form concentrated biomolecular condensates. The functions of condensates span many length scales: they modulate interactions and chemical reactions at the molecular scale, organize biochemical processes at the mesoscale and compartmentalize cells. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of these processes will require detailed knowledge of the rich dynamics across these scales.

Microstructural Analysis of Thermally Treated Geopolymer Incorporated with Neodymium.

The following investigation presents the thermal treatment of geopolymer at 300 °C, 600 °C and 900 °C. We investigated what happens to the geopolymer base when incorporated with 1% and 5% of neodymium in the form NdO. A total of six samples were synthesized.

First Report of pv. Causing Bacterial Blight on Hazelnut Tree () in Montenegro.

Hazelnut is a minor but rapidly increasing commercially grown species in Montenegro. In June 2021, severe infection, affecting more than 80% of the trees, was observed on 6-year-old hazelnut plants () cultivar Hall's Giant, in a 0.3ha plantation near Cetinje, central Montenegro.

Increased tryptophan, but not increased glucose metabolism, predict resistance of pembrolizumab in stage III/IV melanoma.

Clinical trials of combined IDO/PD1 blockade in metastatic melanoma (MM) failed to show additional clinical benefit compared to PD1-alone inhibition. We reasoned that a tryptophan-metabolizing pathway other than the kynurenine one is essential. We immunohistochemically stained tissues along the nevus-to-MM progression pathway for tryptophan-metabolizing enzymes (TMEs; TPH1, TPH2, TDO2, IDO1) and the tryptophan transporter, LAT1.