Solitary pulses and periodic wave trains in a bistable FitzHugh-Nagumo model with cross diffusion and cross advection.

We describe analytically, and simulate numerically, traveling waves with oscillatory tails in a bistable, piecewise-linear reaction-diffusion-advection system of the FitzHugh-Nagumo type with linear cross-diffusion and cross-advection terms of opposite signs. We explore the dynamics of two wave types, namely, solitary pulses and their infinite sequences, i.e.

[High Variability of Rhythmic EEG Patterns, Intrinsic for Different Type of Thinking in Schizophrenia Patients].

It has been shown in the previously performed experiments that it is possible to "recognize" by the EEG data the type of thinking and to know what kind of task (spatial or verbal-logical) is solving currently. This article describes the application of this technology to the study of schizophrenia patients..

[Violation of Assessing the Salience of Information in Schizophrenia].

The history of study of schizophrenia has more than 100 years. During all this period there was collected a lot of data on clinical picture of the disease, psychological peculiarities of patients, biochemical and electrophysiological phenomena. In this respect it becomes actual nowadays to look for a concept that could combine different levels of schizophrenia research (clinical, biochemical, social, etc.

[Cognitive brain–Computer interface and probable aspects of its practical application].

A new type of brain-computer interface was elaborated. It considers a variety of brain activity parameters to determine the type of mental operation being performed at the moment. The corresponding algorithm previously developed in the lab was modified for real-time application.

[Central EEG rhythm associated with movement and EEG rhythm associated with spatial reasoning: are they homologous?].

EEG rhythmical picture of subject's movement suppression and spatial-figurative task solving was examined and analyzed. Rhythms appearing during spatial reasoning and suppressed movements with the frequency of about 11 Hz were isolated. It was hypothesized that a functional link exists between these rhythms in the considered behavioral tests.

Wave reflection in a reaction-diffusion system: breathing patterns and attenuation of the echo.

Formation and interaction of the one-dimensional excitation waves in a reaction-diffusion system with the piecewise linear reaction functions of the Tonnelier-Gerstner type are studied. We show that there exists a parameter region where the established regime of wave propagation depends on initial conditions. Wave phenomena with a complex behavior are found: (i) the reflection of waves at a growing distance (the remote reflection) upon their collision with each other or with no-flux boundaries and (ii) the periodic transformation of waves with the jumping from one regime of wave propagation to another (the periodic trigger wave).

Brain science: on the way to solving the problem of consciousness.

Four issues are discussed: the possible mechanism of subjective events, conscious versus unconscious brain functions, the rhythmic coding of mental operations and the possible brain basis of understanding.

Clinical results of the application of perftoran for the treatment of odontogenous abcesses and phlegmons in the maxillofacial region.

Introduction: The study was carried out to ascertain the effects of perftoran in the treatment of facial and Dupuytren's phlegmons with simultaneous estimation of the general reaction in humans.

Material And Methods: Seventy-six patients with facial or Dupuytren's phlegmons were divided into 2 groups, one with mild and the other with a severe course of the inflammatory process. Each group was subdivided into 2 subgroups: one control group with "traditional" treatment and one study group where the traditional treatment was supplemented with perftoran.

Clinical results of Perftoran application: present and future.

Clinical experience of Perftoran (commercial drug of low concentrated perfluorocheminal emulsion) applications is presented in some statistical data and in brief analysis of clinical trials and following clinical studies described in the Russian scientific literature. Observed data allow us to suppose that Perftoran facilitates oxygen delivery together with remaining red blood cells at blood replacements and will have more wider area for application than just a blood substitute. Its infusion alleviates symptoms of ischemia at different types of occlusion vessels disease, improves grafting in plastic surgery, diminishes inflammation and prevents rejection of transplants, activates detoxication functions of liver, inhibits retro-virus infection development.

Cortical connectivity during word association search.

Cortical connectivity was studied in tasks of generating the use of words in comparison with reading aloud the same words. These tasks were used earlier in PET and high density ERP recordings studies (Posner and Raichle, 1997; Abdullaev and Posner, 1998), in which both the functional anatomy and the time course of cortical areas involved in word processing were described. The wavelet transforms of ERP records and the calculation of correlations between wavelet curves were used to reveal connections between cortical areas.

Biological factors underlying regularity and chaos in aquatic ecosystems: simple models of complex dynamics.

This work is focused on the processes underlying the dynamics of spatially inhomogeneous plankton communities. We demonstrate that reaction-diffusion mathematical models are an appropriate tool for searching and understanding basic mechanisms of complex spatio-temporal plankton dynamics and fractal properties ofplanktivorous fish school walks

Correlation of brain rhythms between frontal and left temporal (Wernicke's) cortical areas during verbal thinking.

The aim of this study was to investigate an interaction between frontal and left temporo-parietal cortices in tasks requiring word association. A new method was used to examine averaged event-related potentials in different frequency bands by calculating correlation coefficients between wavelet curves in distant cortical areas. This method was applied to previous event-related potentials recordings which found successive activation of frontal and left posterior areas [1].

The mechanism of fractal-like structure formation by bacterial populations.

Three types of population growth and development of chemotaxic motile bacteria Escherichia coli on semi-solid nutrient media are investigated: a) stable development - circular symmetrical waves; b) bursts; c) fractal-like self-organization. Experimental investigation of the burst formation is presented. The microscopic analysis of growing, fractal-like structures is carried out, and a mechanism for such structure formation is suggested.