Successful Desensitization to Sorafenib and Imatinib-A Report of Two Cases and a Literature Review.

Background: Drug desensitization allows for safe administration of a drug to a patient with a previous hypersensitivity reaction. Successful desensitization protocols have been described for different medications, including protocols for oncology patients. Few cases of desensitization to sorafenib and imatinib have been described in the literature so far.

Adrenal Cysts: To Operate or Not to Operate?

Adrenal cysts are uncommon and usually asymptomatic, and therefore are usually incidentally discovered adrenal lesions. They have a broad pathohistological spectrum that includes pseudocysts and endothelial (vascular), parasitic, and epithelial (mesothelial) cysts. Although most adrenal cysts are benign and hormonally non-functional lesions, some can have ambiguous imaging appearances and mimic malignant adrenal neoplasms.

Overweight and obesity in polycystic ovary syndrome: association with inflammation, oxidative stress and dyslipidaemia.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with altered lipid profile and increased small, dense LDL particles (sdLDL). Considering that paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an antioxidative enzyme located on HDL particles, the aim of this study was to investigate the connection between oxidative stress (OS) and PON1 activity with lipoprotein subclasses in PCOS depending on obesity. In 115 PCOS patients, lipoprotein subclasses distributions were determined by gradient gel electrophoresis.

The association of glucocorticoid receptor polymorphism with metabolic outcomes in menopausal women with adrenal incidentalomas.

Objectives: To investigate whether BclI polymorphism in the glucocorticoid receptor gene influences hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis regulation, body composition and metabolic parameters in women with adrenal incidentalomas (AIs).

Study Design: A cross-sectional study.

Main Outcome Measures: We analyzed 106 women with AIs.

Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in the follow up of neuroendocrine neoplasms of appendix.

Background: Neuroendocrine tumors of appendix (ANETs) known as carcinoids, are rare endocrine neoplasms originated from enterochromaffin cells of gastrointestinal tract. ANETs are the third most frequent (16.7%) gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors, with the incidence of 0.

Health-related quality of life questionnaire for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOSQ-50): a psychometric study with the Serbian version.

This study aimed to analyze the measurement properties of the Health-related quality of life questionnaire for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOSQ-50) in a sample of Serbian women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Seventy-six women with PCOS from an endocrinology clinic and 28 healthy women participated between October 2016 and March 2017. The measure was rigorously translated and culturally adapted into Serbian.

Novel Mutations in Serbian MEN1 Patients: Genotype-phenotype Correlation.

Background: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant cancer syndrome characterized by the occurrence of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), pituitary adenoma (PA) and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET). Whether the underlying mutations in gene predict clinical presentation of affected heterozygotes or not, is still a matter of a debate.

Methods: Clinical and genetic analysis of 90 consecutive MEN1 patients was performed in a retrospective, single - center study.

Acute Response to Endurance Exercise Stress: Focus on Catabolic/anabolic Interplay Between Cortisol, Testosterone, and Sex Hormone Binding Globulin in Professional Athletes.

Background: Endocrine system plays a major role in both permissive and regulatory activities in order to adequately respond to physical stress of exercise. But level and direction of activation depend on many factors and are not easily interpreted.

Methods: We tested a group of male professional athletes (21 water polo players and 15 wrestlers), together with 20 sedentary controls matched by age.

Evaluation of a Summary Score for Dyslipidemia, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation (the Doi Score) in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and its Relationship with Obesity.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a cardiometabolic disorder whose features include dyslipidemia, increased oxidative stress (OS, oxy) and chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of a summary score for dyslipidemia, OS and inflammation (the DOI score) to discriminate PCOS patients from healthy individuals and to evaluate the effect of obesity on individual scores and the DOI score in patients.

Methods: Lipid status parameters, OS status parameters (advanced oxidation protein products; total oxidative status; prooxidant-antioxidant balance; malondialdehyde; total protein sulphydryl groups and paraoxonase 1 activity) and CRP were measured in 114 patients and 50 controls using standardised assays.

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Polycystic ovary syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent endocrine disease in women, with a number of metabolic and reproductive consequences. Obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes are prominent metabolic characteristics of PCOS and common factors affecting liver function and generating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Multiple genes involved in the synthesis of androgens, cytokines and IR, as well as acquired factors, such as endocrine disruptors, could associate the etiopathogenesis of PCOS and NAFLD.

Cortisol Response to Low-dose (1 µg) ACTH Stimulation for the Prediction of Outcome in Patients with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome.

Background: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) changes cortisol dynamics and indicates dissociation between the adrenal cortex and the hypothalamo-pituitary unit. The aim of this study was to assess the cortisol response after stimulation with ACTH in patients with SIRS at admission to the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit (RICU) and seven days later.

Methods: Fifty-four subjects were included in the study, and SIRS was defined according to the Consensus Conference criteria from 1992.

The Occurrence of Subclinical Hypercortisolism and Osteoporosis in Patients with Incidentally Discovered Unilateral and Bilateral Adrenal Tumors.

Background: Adrenal incidentalomas (AI) are clinically silent adrenal masses that are detected incidentally during imaging procedures performed for unrelated diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of sub-clinical hypercortisolism (SH) and associated co-morbidities in patients with unilateral AI (UAI) and bilateral AI (BAI).

Methods: We evaluated 152 patients, 105 (69.

Enhanced Inflammation without Impairment of Insulin Signaling in the Visceral Adipose Tissue of 5α-Dihydrotestosterone-Induced Animal Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a heterogeneous endocrine and metabolic disorder associated with abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. Since abdominal obesity is characterized by low-grade inflammation, the aim of the study was to investigate whether visceral adipose tissue inflammation linked to abdominal obesity and dyslipidemia could lead to impaired insulin sensitivity in the animal model of polycystic ovary syndrome.Female Wistar rats were treated with nonaromatizable 5α-dihydrotestosterone pellets in order to induce reproductive and metabolic characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Lipid accumulation product as a marker of cardiometabolic susceptibility in women with different phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: There are limited data on cardiometabolic risk factors and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) across the different PCOS phenotypes in Caucasian population. Lipid accumulation product (LAP) is a clinical surrogate marker that could be used for evaluation of MetS in clinical practice. The aim of the study was to analyze metabolic characteristics and the ability of LAP to predict MetS in different PCOS phenotypes.

Lipid accumulation product is associated with metabolic syndrome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: There is a need for a simple and accurate method for the assessment of cardiovascular risk in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Lipid accumulation product (LAP) is based on the assessment of waist circumference and serum triglycerides that yield an estimation of lipid overaccumulation. We aimed to determine whether LAP is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Caucasian women with PCOS.

Predictors of subclinical cardiovascular disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: interrelationship of dyslipidemia and arterial blood pressure.

Background. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) could develop subclinical atherosclerosis during life. Purpose.

Cardiac fatty acid uptake and metabolism in the rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with an altered plasma lipid profile and increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. We hypothesized that molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac pathology in PCOS involve changes in expression and subcellular localization of several key proteins involved in cardiac lipid transport and metabolism, such as fatty acid transporter CD36, lipin 1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 (PGC1), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1). We used the animal model of PCOS obtained by treating female rats with dihydrotestosterone (DHT).

The influence of combined oral contraceptives containing drospirenone on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis activity and glucocorticoid receptor expression and function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: Most women with PCOS have increased adrenal androgen production, enhanced peripheral metabolism of cortisol and elevation in urinary excretion of its metabolites. Increased cortisol clearance in PCOS is followed by a compensatory overdrive of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. We hypothesized that oral contraceptives containing ethinylestradiol and drospirenone (EE-DRSP) could modulate glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression and function and thus affect HPA axis activity in PCOS patients.

Effect of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia on glutathione peroxidase activity in non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: In order to gain deeper insight into molecular mechanisms underlying oxidative stress (OS) and its relation to insulin resistance and hyperandrogenemia, plasma markers of OS and antioxidant glutathione-peroxidase (GPX) activity were studied in non-obese polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women via the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp.

Design: In 36 PCOS women, plasma nitrotyrosine, thiol groups, uric acid (UA) and GPX activity were studied during OGTT and clamp. Insulin resistance was assessed by the homeostasis model (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), Matsuda insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and M/I ratio.

Possible involvement of glucocorticoids in 5α-dihydrotestosterone-induced PCOS-like metabolic disturbances in the rat visceral adipose tissue.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive and metabolic disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, visceral obesity and insulin resistance. We hypothesized that changes in glucocorticoid metabolism and signaling in the visceral adipose tissue may contribute to disturbances of lipid metabolism in the rat model of PCOS obtained by 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) treatment of prepubertal female Wistar rats. The results confirmed that DHT treatment caused anovulation, obesity and dyslipidemia.

Dihydrotestosterone deteriorates cardiac insulin signaling and glucose transport in the rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome.

It is supposed that women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are prone to develop cardiovascular disease as a consequence of multiple risk factors that are mostly related to the state of insulin resistance and consequent hyperinsulinemia. In the present study, we evaluated insulin signaling and glucose transporters (GLUT) in cardiac cells of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) treated female rats as an animal model of PCOS. Expression of proteins involved in cardiac insulin signaling pathways and glucose transporters, as well as their phosphorylation or intracellular localization were studied by Western blot analysis in DHT-treated and control rats.

Recurrent spontaneous abortions, Hashimoto thyroiditis and alopecia totalis: response to anticoagulation and intravenous immunoglobulin therapy.

Introduction: Although numerous studies indicated a link between antithyroid antibodies and recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA), consensus on the treatment of this condition is still lacking.

Case Report: We present a case of a 35-year-old pregnant woman (gestation week 4) with primary hypothyroidism, total alopecia, high level of positive antithyroid antibodies, and history of two recurrent spontaneous abortions in early pregnancy. Along with L-thyroxin substitution, intravenous human immunoglobulin (IVIg) combined with anticoagulation and antiaggregation therapy was introduced.