Efficiency of exogenous surfactant combined with intravenous N-acetylcysteine in two-hit rodent model of ARDS.

Accumulation of reactive oxygen species during hyperoxia together with secondary bacteria-induced inflammation leads to lung damage in ventilated critically ill patients. Antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in combination with surfactant may improve lung function. We compared the efficacy of NAC combined with surfactant in the double-hit model of lung injury.

The Effect of Modified Porcine Surfactant Alone or in Combination with Polymyxin B on Lung Homeostasis in LPS-Challenged and Mechanically Ventilated Adult Rats.

The study aimed to prove the hypothesis that exogenous surfactant and an antibiotic polymyxin B (PxB) can more effectively reduce lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) than surfactant treatment alone, and to evaluate the effect of this treatment on the gene expression of surfactant proteins (SPs). Anesthetized rats were intratracheally instilled with different doses of LPS to induce ALI. Animals with LPS 500 μg/kg have been treated with exogenous surfactant (poractant alfa, Curosurf, 50 mg PL/kg b.

Bronchoalveolar lavage with pulmonary surfactant/dextran mixture improves meconium clearance and lung functions in experimental meconium aspiration syndrome.

Surfactant lung lavage is a promising approach in the treatment of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). We hypothesise that the enrichment of modified natural surfactant with dextran will enhance meconium clearance from the airspaces during lung lavage and improve lung function in experimental MAS. Human meconium (30 mg/ml; 4 ml/kg) was instilled into the tracheal cannula of anaesthetised and paralysed adult rabbits to induce respiratory failure.

Effects of diuretic-induced hypovolemia/isosmotic dehydration on cardiorespiratory responses to hyperthermia and its physical treatment in rabbits.

Under conditions of heat stress and hyperosmotic dehydration, both animals and humans reduce thermoregulatory evaporation and regulate deep body temperature at elevated levels. Regarding the mechanisms, the main role in producing these thermoregulatory changes during dehydration is attributed to the increased osmolality of body fluids, although the role of the decreased plasma volume without changes in plasma osmolality (hypovolemia/isosmotic dehydration) has not been so far investigated. There are also controversial experimental results regarding the effects of dehydration on heat stress-induced cutaneous vasodilation.

Diuretic-induced dehydration/hypovolemia inhibits thermal panting in rabbits.

Respiratory and thermoregulatory responses to hyperthermia during isosmotic dehydration/hypovolemia were studied in 17 anaesthetized adult rabbits divided into two groups: normovolemic group (NV; n=10) and hypovolemic group (HV; n=7). Hypovolemia/isosmotic dehydration (a decrease in plasma volume by 16.1+/-1.

On- and off-responses of heart rate to exercise - relations to heart rate variability.

During physical exercise, heart rate (HR) increases by parasympathetic withdrawal and increase of sympathetic activity to the heart. HR variability (HRV) in time and frequency domains provides information about autonomic control of the cardiovascular system. Non-linear analysis using the Poincaré plot method is able to reveal supplementary information about cardiac autonomic control.