An unusual cause of widespread lytic bone lesions caused by sarcoidosis.

We present a case of a 59 year old asymptomatic lady who was found to have incidental findings of pulmonary, osseous and hepatic involvement with sarcoidosis. The osseous lesions were lytic and involved unusual sites such as the vertebrae and skull base. The initial clinical concern had been of multiple myeloma or disseminated metastases.

Prospective study to assess vocal cord palsy investigations.

Objectives: To assess the investigation and clinical outcome of patients presenting with unexplained vocal cord palsy (VCP).

Study Design And Methods: A prospective cohort study designed to evaluate 86 patients with unexplained VCP presenting to our tertiary referral center.

Results: Twenty-four (36%) patients had positive findings on CT scanning.

Cervical auscultation synchronized with images from endoscopy swallow evaluations.

Cervical auscultation is the use of a listening device, typically a stethoscope in clinical practice, to assess swallow sounds and by some definitions airway sounds. Judgments are then made on the normality or degree of impairment of the sounds. Listeners interpret the sounds and suggest what might be happening with the swallow or causing impairment.

Radiation dose in videofluoroscopic swallow studies.

Videofluoroscopy has become an increasingly important armament in the investigation and assessment of swallowing disorders. However, very little work has been published on the radiation dose used in such examinations and currently there is no national diagnostic reference level in the United Kingdom. Videofluoroscopy in our hospital is performed predominantly by one radiologist (IZM) in a single fluoroscopy room.

Management of recurrent pituitary cysts with pituitary-nasal drain.

Pituitary cysts are usually craniopharyngiomas or remnants of Rathke's cleft. Histologically craniopharyngiomas are lined by stratified squamous epithelium whereas Rathke's cleft cysts are lined by cuboidal or columnar epithelium. The management of pituitary cysts remains difficult because of the risks associated with attempts at complete removal and the chances of recurrence after inadequate resection.