Materials with tunable negative electromagnetic performance, i.e., where dielectric permittivity becomes negative, have long been pursued in materials research due to their peculiar electromagnetic (EM) characteristics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThree coumarin-based boron complexes (L1, L2 and L3) were designed and successfully incorporated into polymeric matrixes for evaluation as temperature probes. The photophysical properties of the complexes were carried out in different solvents and in the solid state. In solution, compound L1 exhibited the highest fluorescence quantum yield, 33%, with a positive solvatochromism also being observed on the absorption and emission when the polarity of the solvent increased.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, we compare several peak profile analysis methods for the investigation of the CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) after the plastic deformation. We show that Williamson - Hall (WH) approach poorly correlates with measured peak broadening and some corrections must be introduced to improve the analysis. The correction for elastic modulus for different crystallographic directions or application of Williamson Hall (WH) and Warren - Averbach (WA) methods significantly improve the correlation between the model and experimental data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe emergence of drug resistance in pathogens leads to a loss of effectiveness of antimicrobials and complicates the treatment of bacterial infections. Quinoxaline 1,4-dioxides represent a prospective scaffold for search of new compounds with improved chemotherapeutic characteristics. Novel 2-acyl-3-trifluoromethylquinoxaline 1,4-dioxides with alteration of substituents at position 2 and 6 were synthesized via nucleophilic substitution with piperazine moiety and evaluated against a broad panel of bacteria and fungi by measuring their minimal inhibitory concentrations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarbonic anhydrase IX is a promising target for the search for new antitumor compounds with improved properties. Using the molecular hybridization approach, on the basis of structures of a selective carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitor 3 and an activator of apoptosis 2 (1), a series of 1-substituted isatin-5-sulfonamides 5a-5u were designed and synthesized. The study of the inhibitory activity of isatin-5-sulfonamides showed the ability to inhibit I, II, IX, XII isoforms at nano- and micromolar concentrations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGut microbiota and the host exist in a mutualistic relationship, with the functional composition of the microbiota strongly influencing the health and well-being of the host. In addition to the standard differential expression analysis of host genes to assess the complex cross-talk between environment (diet), microbiome, and host intestinal physiology, data-driven integrative approaches are needed to identify potential biomarkers of both host genes and microbial communities that characterize these interactions. Our findings demonstrate that the complementary application of univariate differential gene expression analysis and multivariate approaches such as sparse Canonical Correlation Analysis (sCCA) and sparse Principal Components Analysis (sPCA) can be used to integrate data from both the healthy infant gut microbial community and host transcriptome (exfoliome) using stool derived exfoliated cells shed from the gut.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To compare analgesic efficacy and fetal effects between transdermal administration of fentanyl and IM administration of buprenorphine in pregnant sheep.
Animals: 12 healthy pregnant ewes.
Procedures: Before study initiation, each ewe was confirmed pregnant with a single fetus between 113 and 117 days of gestation.
Photophysical characteristics of new 3-(1-acyl-5-aryl-3-pyrazolinyl)coumarins have been measured. These coumarin derivatives are found to be effective fluorophores and show high values of quantum yields of fluorescence both in nonpolar and in polar solvents. The 3-(1-acyl-5-aryl-3-pyrazolinyl)coumarins turned to be photosensitive compounds and undergo photolysis under irradiation in the range of 310-465 nm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotooxidation of aryl(hetaryl)pyrazolines in the presence of benzoquinone has been studied in organic solvents. This reaction occurs at high rate to provide the corresponding pyrazole in a good yield. The effects of the solvent, pyrazoline structure and oxygen provide definite information on the reaction pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew (1,5-diaryl-3-pyrazolinyl)coumarins have been synthesized. The compounds do not undergo keto-enol tautomeric transformations with changes in the solvent. (1,5-Diaryl-3-pyrazolinyl)coumarins provide dehydrogenation reaction under irradiation in the presence of perchloroalkanes and manifest themselves as effective photogenerators of acidity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe state and development of the intestinal epithelium is vital for infant health, and increased understanding in this area has been limited by an inability to directly assess epithelial cell biology in the healthy newborn intestine. To that end, we have developed a novel, noninvasive, molecular approach that utilizes next generation RNA sequencing on stool samples containing intact epithelial cells for the purpose of quantifying intestinal gene expression. We then applied this technique to compare host gene expression in healthy term and extremely preterm infants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: There is a need to take a broader look at nanotoxicological studies. Eventually, the field will demand that some generalizations be made. To begin to address this issue, we posed a question: are metal colloids on the nanometer-size scale a homogeneous group? In general, most people can agree that the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials can be linked and related to their induced toxicological responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Gut microbiota and the host exist in a mutualistic relationship, with the functional composition of the microbiota strongly affecting the health and well-being of the host. Thus, it is important to develop a synthetic approach to study the host transcriptome and the microbiome simultaneously. Early microbial colonization in infants is critically important for directing neonatal intestinal and immune development, and is especially attractive for studying the development of human-commensal interactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBirth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol
June 2009
Background: Neural tube defects (NTDs) are one of the most common human birth defects, with a prevalence of approximately 1 in 1000 live births in the United States. In animal studies, deletion of p53 leads to a significant increase in embryos that exhibit exencephaly. Whereas several studies have closely investigated the morphologic changes of p53-deficient embryos, no study has reported the molecular-level alteration in p53-deficient embryos.
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