Technical nuances of subtemporal approach for the treatment of basilar tip aneurysm.

Background: Basilar tip aneurysms are one of the most complex vascular lesions to treat surgically because of their location, depth of the approach, and close proximity of vital neurovascular structures such as the mesencephalon, cranial nerves, perforating arteries to the thalamus. There are different surgical approaches utilized to reach basilar tip aneurysms, namely, pterional, pretemporal, orbitozygomatic, subtemporal, and anterior petrosectomy. Each of them has its advantages and limitations.

Synthesis and evaluation of pyrido-thieno-pyrimidines as potent and selective Cdc7 kinase inhibitors.

Cdc7 kinase plays a critical role in the regulation of DNA replication in eukaryotic cells and has been proposed as a target for cancer therapy. We have identified a class of Cdc7/Dbf4 inhibitors with a pyrido-thieno-pyrimidine core structure. Synthesis of a focused pyrido-thieno-pyrimidine library yielded potent and selective Cdc7 inhibitors with antiproliferative activity against cancer cells in vitro.

Identification of the V genes encoding xenoantibodies in non-immunosuppressed rhesus monkeys.

The major immunological barrier that prevents the use of wild-type pig xenografts as an alternative source of organs for human xenotransplantation is antibody-mediated rejection. In this study, we identify the immunoglobulin variable region heavy (IgV(H)) chain genes encoding xenoantibodies to porcine heart and fetal porcine islet xenografts in non-immunosuppressed rhesus monkeys. We sought to compare the IgV(H) genes encoding xenoantibodies to porcine islets and solid organ xenografts.

Mammalian nuclei become licensed for DNA replication during late telophase.

Mcm 2-7 are essential replication proteins that bind to chromatin in mammalian nuclei during late telophase. Here, we have investigated the relationship between Mcm binding, licensing of chromatin for replication, and specification of the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) replication origin. Approximately 20% of total Mcm3 protein was bound to chromatin in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells during telophase, while an additional 25% bound gradually and cumulatively throughout G1-phase.