Use of refractive aids among adults in a general population.

Spectacles and contact lenses are important for conducting a normal life in a large part of the general population. The purpose of this study was to estimate the use of these refractive aids in a normal adult population, and to identify characteristics of persons who should be targeted in order to improve uncorrected refraction. In the FORSYN study, 10,350 citizens representative for the adult Danish population were invited for a non-cycloplegic eye examination.

Vision screening of school children in greenland 2017-2022: coverage and low vision prevalence.

Vision screening during childhood is vital for the early detection and treatment of visual impairment that may significantly impact a child's development and quality of life. This nationwide cross-sectional study used data from Greenland's national electronic medical records, including 2,493 six-year-old children from July 2017 to July 2023, to evaluate the coverage rate of vision screening and the prevalence of low vision in Greenlandic schoolchildren. The participation rate in vision screening increased from 43% in 2017 to 61% in 2022, while referral rates to ophthalmologists decreased from 14% to 5%, despite a consistent prevalence of low vision.

Vision screening and refraction of Greenlandic schoolchildren.

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of amblyopia and refractive errors among 6-year-old children in Greenland and to assess the impact of incorporating autorefraction, stereoacuity and near visual acuity testing into vision screening.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 517 children (238 girls and 279 boys) from 21 locations in Greenland were screened using HOTV charts for distance and near visual acuity (VA), stereoacuity test and non-cycloplegic autorefraction. Referral criteria for further ophthalmological examination included a VA of ≥0.

Convergence insufficiency in patients with post-concussion syndrome is accompanied by a higher symptom load: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of convergence insufficiency (CI) in adult patients with post-concussion syndrome and determine the impact of CI on symptom load.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of 103 patients with neurological symptoms 2-6 months after a concussion. Symptoms were assessed with the Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ), and CI was diagnosed using near point of convergence, vergence facility, and the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey.

Nonpharmacological Treatment of Persistent Postconcussion Symptoms in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis and Guideline Recommendation.

Importance: Persistent (>4 weeks) postconcussion symptoms (PPCS) are challenging for both patients and clinicians. There is uncertainty about the effect of commonly applied nonpharmacological treatments for the management of PPCS.

Objective: To systematically assess and summarize evidence for outcomes related to 7 nonpharmacological interventions for PPCS in adults (aged >18 years) and provide recommendations for clinical practice.

Vergence Exercises for Six Weeks Induce Faster Recovery of Convergence Insufficiency Than Accommodation Exercises in School Children.

Purpose: Convergence insufficiency (CI) is characterized by abnormal vergence eye movement frequently accompanied by abnormal accommodation and subjective symptoms, such as headache, blurred vision, and diplopia. CI is treated with vergence and accommodation exercises that are integrated so that the relative contributions of vergence and accommodation exercises to the outcome are concealed. The purpose of the present study was to determine the individual contributions of vergence and accommodation exercises for the treatment of CI in school children.

Visual image quality after small-incision lenticule extraction compared with that of spectacles and contact lenses.

Purpose: To assess the influence of small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for high myopia on the visual image quality assessed by the logarithm of the visual Strehl ratio (logVSX) and put this into a clinical context by pairwise comparing the logVSX of postoperative eyes with those of myopic controls wearing spectacles and/or contact lenses.

Setting: University hospital.

Design: Prospective and cross-sectional clinical study.

Impact on binocular visual function of small-incision lenticule extraction for high myopia.

Purpose: To assess whether small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for high myopia reduces the binocular visual function assessed by stereoacuity, binocular visual acuity, binocular contrast sensitivity, and binocular summation.

Setting: University hospital.

Design: Prospective case series.

Measuring aniseikonia tolerance range for stereoacuity - a tool for the refractive surgeon.

Objective: No method exists to measure aniseikonia tolerance in stereoacuity. The brain can compensate for 2%-3% aniseikonia (i.e.

Monocular and binocular end-points after epiretinal membrane surgery and their correlation to patient-reported outcomes.

Purpose: This study evaluates current available endpoints for epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery and examine their correlation to patient reported outcomes (PRO).

Methods: Retrospective study including 38 eyes of 38 patients who underwent cataract extraction and subsequent vitrectomy for idiopathic ERM. The fellow eye was phakic with good visual acuity.

The tolerance of anisometropia.

Purpose: This study examines aniseikonia, Aniseikonia tolerance range (ATR), anisometropia and patient-reported outcomes (PRO) in an anisometropic population compared with a non-anisometropic population. The relationship between anisometropia and aniseikonia is determined, and the correlations between aniseikonia, anisometropia and ATR versus PRO are described.

Methods: One hundred and twenty-three patients with IOL-induced anisometropia ≥1 dioptre (D) (the anisometropic group) and 17 patients who had IOL-induced anisometropia <1 D (the control group) were included.

Sensitivity and specificity of school nurse screening for hypermetropia and convergence insufficiency exophoria in primary schoolchildren in Denmark.

Background: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of school nurse screening for hypermetropia and convergence insufficiency exophoria (CIE) in schoolchildren.

Methods: Near point of convergence and distance visual acuity with +2.00D lenses were measured in 2097 children (6-15 years) during standard school nurse screening in the municipality of Randers, Denmark.