Antibiotic-resistant from treated municipal wastewaters and Black-headed Gull nestlings on the recipient river.

Wastewaters belong among the most important sources of environmental pollution, including antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of the study was to evaluate treated wastewaters as a possible transmission pathway for bacterial colonisation of gulls occupying the receiving river. A collection of antibiotic-resistant originating both from treated municipal wastewaters discharged to the river Svratka (Czech Republic) and nestlings of Black-headed Gull () living 35 km downstream of the outlet was obtained using selective cultivation.

Changing dynamics of antibiotic resistant Escherichia in Caspian gulls shows the importance of longitudinal environmental studies.

This study is focused on Escherichia spp. isolates resistant to critically important antibiotics (cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin and colistin) among Caspian gull's (Larus cachinnans) chicks nesting in the Nove Mlyny Water Reservoir, Czech Republic. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria within wild birds is commonly evaluated using a single sampling event, capturing only a brief and momentary snapshot at a particular location.

Chewing lice of Bearded Reedling (Panurus biarmicus) and diversity of louse-host associations of birds in reed beds in Slovakia.

A total of 1,621 wild birds representing 34 species were examined for chewing lice in reed beds in southwestern Slovakia during the pre-breeding migration 2008-2009 and 2016-2019. A total of 377 (23.3%) birds representing 15 species were parasitized by 26 species of chewing lice of 12 genera.

Multivariate study of lice (Insecta: Psocodea: Phthiraptera) assemblages hosted by hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae).

Lice were collected from 579 hummingbirds, representing 49 species, in 19 locations in Brazil, Costa Rica, Honduras, Paraguay and Peru, at elevations 0–3000 m above sea level. The following variables were included in an ecological analysis (1) host species' mean body mass, sexual size dimorphism, sexual dichromatism, migratory behaviour and dominance behaviour; (2) mean elevation, mean and predictability of temperature, mean and predictability of precipitation of the host species' geographic area; (3) prevalence and mean abundance of species of lice as measures of infestation. Ordination methods were applied to evaluate data structure.

Clinically relevant antibiotic resistance in from black kites in southwestern Siberia: a genetic and phenotypic investigation.

Wild birds including raptors can act as vectors of clinically relevant bacteria with antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant in black kites () inhabiting localities in proximity to human-influenced environments in southwestern Siberia and investigate their virulence and plasmid contents. A total of 51 isolates mostly with multidrug resistance (MDR) profiles were obtained from cloacal swabs of 35 (64%, = 55) kites.

Chewing lice of passerine birds in reed beds in Slovakia, with a special focus on Panurus biarmicus.

A total of 1185 passerine birds representing five species were examined for chewing lice in reed beds in southwestern Slovakia in spring (April) 2008, 2009 and 2016. Additional collecting focused only on chewing lice from Panurus biarmicus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Passeriformes: Panuridae) was carried out in spring (April), summer (July) and autumn (October) 2019. A total of 283 (24%) birds were parasitized by 10 species of chewing lice of four genera: Penenirmus, Menacanthus, Philopterus, and Brueelia.

Urban Wildlife Crisis: Australian Silver Gull Is a Bystander Host to Widespread Clinical Antibiotic Resistance.

The Australian silver gull is an urban-adapted species that frequents anthropogenic waste sites. The enterobacterial flora of synanthropic birds often carries antibiotic resistance genes. Whole-genome sequence analyses of 425 Escherichia coli isolates from cloacal swabs of chicks inhabiting three coastal sites in New South Wales, Australia, cultured on media supplemented with meropenem, cefotaxime, or ciprofloxacin are reported.

Black Kites on a flyway between Western Siberia and the Indian Subcontinent.

The Black Kite (Milvus migrans) is one of the most widespread raptors in the world. The Palaearctic is populated by two migrating subspecies, Milvus migrans migrans and Milvus migrans lineatus, in the western and eastern part of this realm, respectively. There is a large intergradation zone of M.

Multi-Drug Resistant Plasmids with ESBL/AmpC and in Paraguayan Poultry Farms: The Linkage of Antibiotic Resistance and Hatcheries.

Poultry represents a common source of bacteria with resistance to antibiotics including the critically important ones. Selective cultivation using colistin, cefotaxime and meropenem was performed for 66 chicken samples coming from 12 farms in Paraguay while two breeding companies supplied the farms. A total of 62 and 22 isolates were obtained and representative isolates were subjected to whole-genome sequencing.

Insect ectoparasites from wild passerine birds in the Azores Islands.

A total of 266 wild passerine birds (Passeriformes) representing eight species and nine subspecies from three islands of the Archipelago of the Azores were examined for ectoparasites. Two species of louse-flies Ornithomya avicularia and Ornithoica turdi (Diptera: Hippoboscidae), three species of fleas Ceratophyllus gallinae, Ceratophyllus sp. and Dasypsyllus gallinulae (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae), and 11 species of chewing lice belonging to the genera Menacanthus, Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae), Ricinus (Phthiraptera: Ricinidae), Brueelia, Guimaraesiella, Philopterus, Sturnidoecus and Turdinirmus (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) were recorded.

Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria from American Crows in the United States.

Wild corvids were examined for the presence of carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria in the United States. A total of 13 isolates were detected among 590 fecal samples of American crow; 11 isolates harboring on the chromosome as a class 2 integron gene cassette within the Tn transposon, 1 ST258 isolate carrying on a pKpQIL-like plasmid as a part of Tn, and 1 isolate with located within EcloIMEX-2.

Escherichia coli Sequence Type 457 Is an Emerging Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactam-Resistant Lineage with Reservoirs in Wildlife and Food-Producing Animals.

Silver gulls carry phylogenetically diverse , including globally dominant extraintestinal pathogenic (ExPEC) sequence types and pandemic ExPEC-ST131 clades; however, our large-scale study (504 samples) on silver gulls nesting off the coast of New South Wales identified ST457 as the most prevalent. A phylogenetic analysis of whole-genome sequences (WGS) of 138 ST457 samples comprising 42 from gulls, 2 from humans (Australia), and 14 from poultry farmed in Paraguay were compared with 80 WGS deposited in public databases from diverse sources and countries. ST457 strains are phylogenetic group F, carry 145, and partition into five main clades in accordance to predominant flagella H-antigen carriage.

Host dispersal shapes the population structure of a tick-borne bacterial pathogen.

Birds are hosts for several zoonotic pathogens. Because of their high mobility, especially of longdistance migrants, birds can disperse these pathogens, affecting their distribution and phylogeography. We focused on Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, which includes the causative agents of Lyme borreliosis, as an example for tick-borne pathogens, to address the role of birds as propagation hosts of zoonotic agents at a large geographical scale.

Plasmid-Mediated Colistin Resistance in Escherichia coli from a Black Kite in Russia.

The gene conferring resistance to last-line antibiotic colistin has been reported globally. Here, we describe the first detection of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance in Russian wildlife, an isolate of sequence type 2280 from a black kite () scavenging raptor. Whole-genome sequencing and plasmid transferability experiments revealed that was located on conjugative IncI2 plasmid pDR164 (59891 bp).

Wildlife Is Overlooked in the Epidemiology of Medically Important Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria.

Wild animals foraging in the human-influenced environment are colonized by bacteria with clinically important antibiotic resistance. The occurrence of such bacteria in wildlife is influenced by various biological, ecological, and geographical factors which have not yet been fully understood. More research focusing on the human-animal-environmental interface and using novel approaches is required to understand the role of wild animals in the transmission of antibiotic resistance and to assess potential risks for the public health.

Massive infection of a song thrush by Mesocestoides sp. (Cestoda) tetrathyridia that genetically match acephalic metacestodes causing lethal peritoneal larval cestodiasis in domesticated mammals.

Background: Peritoneal larval cestodiasis induced by Mesocestoides Vaillant, 1863 (Cyclophyllidea: Mesocestoididae) is a common cause of severe infections in domestic dogs and cats, reported also from other mammals and less frequently from birds. However, there is a limited knowledge on the taxonomy of causative agents of this disease.

Results: In the present study, we investigated a massive, likely lethal, infection of a song thrush Turdus philomelos (Passeriformes: Turdidae) by Mesocestoides sp.

A description of the male of Geckobiella donnae Paredes-León, Klompen et Pérez, 2012 (Acari: Pterygosomatidae) from captive iguanas in Honduras.

Mites of the family Pterygosomatidae are usually infesting lizards, geckos and iguanas. In this family, the genus Geckobiella Hirst, 1917 comprises 12 species including Geckobiella donnae Paredes-León, Klompen et Pérez, 2012. We collected 48 mites of G.

Genomic and Functional Analysis of Emerging Virulent and Multidrug-Resistant Lineage Sequence Type 648.

The pathogenic extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing lineage ST648 is increasingly reported from multiple origins. Our study of a large and global ST648 collection from various hosts (87 whole-genome sequences) combining core and accessory genomics with functional analyses and experiments suggests that ST648 is a nascent and generalist lineage, lacking clear phylogeographic and host association signals. By including large numbers of ST131 ( = 107) and ST10 ( = 96) strains for comparative genomics and phenotypic analysis, we demonstrate that the combination of multidrug resistance and high-level virulence are the hallmarks of ST648, similar to international high-risk clonal lineage ST131.

The chiggers (Acari: Trombiculidae) on wild birds in Honduras.

The chiggers (Acari: Trombiculidae) Blankaartia sinnamaryi (Floch et Fauran, 1956), Parasecia soucouyanti (Brennan et Yunker, 1966), Eutrombicula lipovskyana (Wolfenbarger, 1952) and Neoschoengastia dalmati Brennan, 1951 were found in Honduras on a total of twelve bird species. Parasecia soucouyanti was recorded parasitising birds for the first time. All these mites are here reported from Honduras for the first time.

New species and additional data on the chewing louse genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from wild Neotropical Passeriformes (Aves).

Twenty-four species of chewing lice of the genus Myrsidea Waterston, 1915 (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from Neotropical Suboscines (Passeriformes: Formicariidae, Furnariidae, Pipridae, Thamnophilidae, Tityridae, Tyrannidae) are recorded and discussed. They include: eight new species which are described and illustrated (Myrsidea capeki new species ex Chiroxiphia caudata; Myrsidea leptopogoni new species ex Leptopogon superciliaris; Myrsidea leucophthalmi new species ex Automolus leucophthalmus; Myrsidea pachyramphi new species ex Pachyramphus polychopterus; Myrsidea philydori new species ex Philydor rufum; Myrsidea pyriglenae new species ex Pyriglena leucoptera; Myrsidea scleruri new species ex Sclerurus scansor and Myrsidea zuzanae new species ex Furnarius rufus), as well as nine previously known species with additional data on intraspecific morphological variability, host associations and geographical distribution (Myrsidea barbati Price, Hellenthal Dalgleish, 2005; Myrsidea dalgleishi Valim, Price Johnson, 2011; Myrsidea flaviventris Price, Hellenthal Dalgleish, 2005; Myrsidea klimesi Sychra, 2006; Myrsidea meyi Valim, Price Johnson, 2011; Myrsidea oleaginei Price, Hellenthal Dalgleish, 2005; Myrsidea olivacei Price, Hellenthal Dalgleish, 2005; Myrsidea pitangi Price, Hellenthal Dalgleish, 2005 and Myrsidea spellmani Price, Johnson Dalgleish, 2008b). Seven further species are recorded at genus level only due to lack of adequate material.

Molecular characterization of plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase- and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae among corvids (Corvus brachyrhynchos and Corvus corax) roosting in Canada.

This study evaluated the carriage of AmpC and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes and associated plasmids in faecal bacteria of Canadian corvids. Faecal samples from 449 birds in five roosting sites across Canada were analyzed using selective media, screening for AmpC and ESBL genes by PCR, and sequencing. Genomic relatedness was determined by PFGE and MLST.

Extensive Genetic Commonality among Wildlife, Wastewater, Community, and Nosocomial Isolates of Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131 (30R1 and 30Rx Subclones) That Carry or .

sequence type 131 (ST131) is currently one of the leading causes of multidrug-resistant extraintestinal infections globally. Here, we analyzed the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of 169 ST131 isolates from various sources (wildlife, wastewater, companion animals, community, and hospitals) to determine whether wildlife and the environment share similar strains with humans, supporting transmission of ST131 between different ecological niches. Susceptibility to 32 antimicrobials was tested by disc diffusion and broth microdilution.

Wild corvid birds colonized with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium of human origin harbor epidemic vanA plasmids.

The most prevalent type of acquired vancomycin resistance in Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) is encoded by the vanA transposon Tn1546, mainly located on transferable plasmids. vanA plasmids have been characterized in VREfm from a variety of sources but not wild birds. The aim of this study was to analyse the genetic context of VREfm strains recovered from wild corvid birds and to compare their plasmid and strain characteristics with human strains.