What can blood biomarkers tell us about cardiovascular risk in obstructive sleep apnea?

Background: Despite its high prevalence and frequent association with multiple comorbidities, including hypertension, heart disease, and stroke, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) still lacks appropriate tools for cardiovascular risk assessment and stratification. Circulating biomarkers represent a safe, convenient, and inexpensive possibility, and several studies have been performed to define an ideal marker in this context. Additionally, biomarkers can provide insight into the pathological mechanisms of the disease and suggest new therapeutic approaches.