Factors affecting maximal oxygen uptake in prepubertal children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

In pre-pubertal children the factors affecting maximal oxygen uptake have yet to be fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of this analysis is to present cardiorespiratory fitness in prepubertal boys and girls and to determine if there are any differences based on sex, exercise testing modality or if maximal or peak oxygen consumption metrics are used. PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were followed.

A Meta-Analysis of Sampled Maximal Aerobic Capacity Data for Boys Aged 11 Years Old or Less Obtained by Cycle Ergometry.

The aim of this study was to develop distributions of VO based on measured values that exist in the literature in prepubertal boys using cycle ergometry. PRISMA guidelines were followed in conducting this research. One database was searched for peak and maximal VO values in healthy boys with mean age under 11 years old.

Predicting VO in competitive cyclists: Is the FRIEND equation the optimal choice?

Predicting VO in athletes is vital for determining endurance capacity, for performance monitoring, in clinical diagnostic procedures, and for disease management. This study aimed to assess the most suitable equation for predicting VO in competitive cyclists. Competitive cyclists (496 males, 84 females, Caucasian, 580 total) were included in the study from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2019.

Prediction of Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Cycle Ergometry in Competitive Cyclists.

Models for predicting maximal oxygen consumption (VO) in average adults might not be suitable for athletes, especially for competitive cyclists who can have significantly higher VO than normally active people. The aim of this study was to develop a clinically applicable equation for predicting VO during cycle ergometry in competitive cyclists and to compare its accuracy to the traditional American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) equation. Maximal cycle ergometry tests were performed in 496 male and 84 female competitive cyclists.

Reducing energy availability in male endurance athletes: a randomized trial with a three-step energy reduction.

Background: Low energy availability (EA) can be detrimental for athlete health. Currently, it is not known what the threshold for low EA in men is, and what effects it may have on performance.

Methods: This study was set to determine potential effects of low EA by modulating male participants' exercise energy expenditure and controlling energy intake and consequently manipulating EA in three progressive stages (reducing EA by 25%%, and 75 %).

Inducing low energy availability in trained endurance male athletes results in poorer explosive power.

Purpose: Low energy availability in males needs more original research to understand its health and performance consequences. The aim of the study was to induce low energy availability in previously healthy male endurance athletes by reducing energy availability by 25% for 14 consecutive days and measure any potential changes in performance, health, mental state or energy markers.

Methods: Energy availability was reduced in 12 trained, well-trained and elite endurance athletes by increasing energy expenditure and controlling energy intake.

Relationship between energy availability, energy conservation and cognitive restraint with performance measures in male endurance athletes.

Background: Low energy availability in male athletes has gained a lot of attention in recent years, but direct evidence of its effects on health and performance is lacking. The aim of this research was to objectively measure energy availability (EA) in healthy male endurance athletes without pre-existing relative energy deficiency signs during pre-race season.

Methods: Twelve trained endurance athletes (performance level 3, 4, and 5) participated in the cross-sectional controlled laboratory study.