[Comparative analysis of isolation methods of DNA from rhizosphere soil for research of microbiocenosis].

The comparative analysis of different methods for the isolation of microbial DNA from ordinary black earth and dark-gray podzolic soil of soybean rhizosphere was carried out. All preparations of DNA which isolated from dark-gray podzolic soil after purification using highly dispersed silica (AppliChem, Germany) were suitable for 16S rRNA genes amplification with universal bacterial primers 11F i 1492R. For DNA extraction from ordinary black earth suitable for PCR DNA preparations were obtained using two of the six investigated methods.

[Componential composition of chlororganic pollutants and state of soil microbial cenosis in soil from burial place of waste].

The authors have identified 25 chemical pollutants in soil and 12--in the chemical composition of technical waste from chemical production. Broad spectrum of pollutants and their degradation products (26 chemical components) have been also detected outside the proving ground (2 km). This fact evidences for active spreading of chlororganic toxins into neighboring areas.

[Growth stimulating, fungicidal and nematicidal properties of new microbial substances and their impact on si/miRNA synthesis in plant cells].

New substances on the basis of soil streptomycete Streptomyces avermitilis metabolites and also compositions of preparation averkom with elicitors show growth regulating activity and bioprotective properties, proved in experiments with wheat spring of variety Grizo and cucumbers of variety Nezhinskiy. Most of the created substances possess the antagonistic action in relation to phytopathogenic fungi, as well as antinematode activity in relation to the gallic nematode Meleodoidyne incognita. In the conditions of the artificial nematode infecting the preparation averkom and its modifications demonstrate protective action (up to 85-100 %) on cucumber sprouts of Nezhinskiy variety.

[Role of exopolymeric substances of corrosion-aggressive bacteria in the biofilm formation on the steel surface].

It had been done the comparative study of the exopolymeric substances (EPS) synthesized by the sulfidogenic microbial community and monocultures of Desulfovibrio sp. 10, Bacillus subtilis 36 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 27 under various growth models as biofilm and plankton was performed. It was established that biofilm-produced exopolymers contained increased amount of glucose and fucose, while planktonic ones had more amount of mannose and rhamnose.

[Activity of main enzymes of ammonium assimilation in Bradyrhizobium japonicum under the influence of plant flavonoid inductors].

The activity of key enzymes of ammonium assimilation in cell-free extracts of soybean rhizobia characterized with different effectiveness in symbiosis, has been researched. It has been found out that at highly efficient strain Bradyrhizobium japonicum UKM B-6035 the most active links in the system of ammonium assimilation reactions are glutamate synthase (glutamate-oxoglutarate-aminotransferase, GOGAT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH). Whereas the most active links at the ineffective strain B.

[Study of mutagenic activity of hexachlorocyclohexane and products of its microbial degradation].

Mutagenic activity of hexachlorcyclohexane (HCH) was investigated. As is known, gamma-isomer of HCH has insecticidal properties. The strains of microorganisms of genera Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Bacillus decomposing HCH into 46.

[Physiological properties and taxonomic position of soil microorganisms-destructors of hexachlorcyclohexane].

Eleven (11) microbial strains capable to decompose insecticide hexachlorcyclohexane (HCH) have been isolated from microbial association resistant to chloro-organic pesticides. On the basis of investigation of morphological, cultural, physiological, biochemical characteristics and results of sequence of gene 16S rRNA it has been established, that the best strain-destructors N 3 and N 9 belong to Pseudomonas putida species, and strain N 6 belongs to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia species.

[Effect of cultivation parameters of antarctic strains Enterobacter hormaechei and Brevibacterium antarcticumon resistant to copper(II) ions].

Enterobacter hormaechei and Brevibacterium antarcticum strains isolated from ornithogenic soils of Galindez Island (West Antarctica) were investigated for their resistance to Cu2+ cations and for their capacity to Cu2+ uptake from the environment. The studied strains are capable to grow in the concentration range of copper 100-1100 mg/l and to extract 11-75% of Cu2+ from the environment depending on cultivation parameters and copper output concentration in the culture medium.

[Microbial communities of soil-like substrates of Antarctic island Galindez].

In soil-like substrata of Antarctic island Galindez, formed on the rocks and firm sludge deposits, a plenty of oligocarbotrophic, autocthonous and zymogenic microorganisms which in respect of the temperature belong to psychrotolerant and mesophyllic populations is revealed. The content of organic carbon in soil-like substrates was low (0.22-0.

[Ecological and physiological regularities of microbial community development in soil and under conditions of technogenesis].

Eco-physiological peculiarities of soil microbial communities in contemporary agrophytocenosis and biochemical peculiarities of symbiotic systems functioning are considered from the viewpoint of system approach. The questions of creation of polyfunctional microbial preparations for improving plant nutrition, growth regulation and biological protection were discussed. The mechanism of formation and functioning of corrosion-dangerous microbial communities under the conditions of technogenesis, architectonics and functioning of biofilms on the corroded steel under and damaged coatings are studied, and the foundations of anticorrosional arrangements are developed within the limits of studying the microbial biogeochemical activity.

[Effect of pyruvate and valine on avermectin biosynthesis by Streptomyces avermitilis UCM Ac-2179].

Pyruvate and valine have been studied for their effect on avermectin biosynthesis by the mutant strain Streptomyces avermitilis UCM Ac-2179. Valine in concentrations 0.5, 1.

[Mutagenic action of synthetic fungicides and drugs of biological origin on microorganisms].

Gene-toxical effect of biological and synthetical fungicides on auxotrophic test-cultures of Salmonella typhimuriun TA 100 and TA 98, and Escherichia coli WP2 has been studied. Biological drugs on the basis of hytosan (mycosan and mycosan-new) act as weak mutagens. Synthetical fungicides on the basis of benomil and tiram, on the contrary, cause higher frequency of mutation.

[Modeling of dynamics of microorganisms quantity in the soil polluted by heavy metals].

Microflora of soils polluted by heavy metals was the subject of monitoring investigations. Basing on the experimental data obtained with the use of interactive system ASTRID by the method of group accounting of arguments, mathematical models were constructed which describe the dynamics of microorganisms quantity, depending on the number of ecological factors and presence of heavy metals in the soil. The models allow one to predict the number of microorganisms in the soil under certain parameters of the environment, to determine "critical" deviations from the predicted values as well as to renew the intermediate data for obtaining uniform series of ecological researches.

[Use of biological stimulants to decrease negative effect of pesticides on the soil microflora].

Natural and synthetic biostimulants have been studied for their effect on resistance of soil microbe associations to pesticides. It has been shown that in the presence of growth-stimulating preparations (ivin, emistym, agrostimulin) in the microbial groups the number of microorganisms resistant to such fungicides as phenpiclonyl, fluodioxonyl, diphenoconasol increases. The activity of redox-systems which can initiate the oxidative destruction of pesticides increased in microbial associations under the simultaneous use of biostimulants and fungicides.

[The effect of biostimulants and fungicides on the growth parameters of natural associations of soil microorganisms].

Biostimulants ivin and emistym take positive effect on the growth characteristics of natural association of soil microorganisms: they increase the specific growth rate, the number of generations, decrease the lag-phase and duration of redoubling the number of microorganisms. Presence of fungicides in the medium inhibits the growth of microorganisms. Under combined use of biostimulants and fungicides one cannot reveal the negative effect of fungicides on the natural associations of microorganisms, however the stimulating action of growth-regulating substances decreases.

[The resistance of soil microorganisms to soil pollution by heavy metals].

Microbial communities of grey podzolized soil of Left-Bank Ukraine are characterized by high potential resistance to pollution with heavy metals: above 40% of organotrophic microorganisms are capable to resist to pollution with a mixture of heavy metals (Cu2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Zn2+) in a dose of 20 MPC of each metal. Relative amount of resistant microorganisms in polluted soil increases up to 93%. White zeolites and biohumus are promising for reclamation of soils polluted with heavy metals.