[The evaluation of snail host-trematode parasite trophic relationships using stable isotope analysis].

Stable isotope ratios of carbon (13C/12C, δ13C) and nitrogen (15N/14N, δ15N) in snail-host tissue (the foot and hepatopancreas) and trematode parasites on two stages of their life cycle were analyzed. Trophic structure in co-occurring trematode larvae was examined in the following species: five species of cercariae (Echinoparyphium recurvatum, Hypodereum conoideum, Plagiorchis mutationis, Diplostomum chromatophorum and D. volvens) and two species of metacercariae (Cotylurus cornutus and Echinoparyphium recurvatum) within two closely related snail hosts Lymnaea stagnalis and L.

[Activity of detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis (gastropoda: pulmonata) during invasion by trematode cercariae].

A comparative analysis of changes of activities of detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes was carried out in the body homogenate of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. Juvenile snails with the shell size of 4-6 mm were infested with cercariae of one (Echinoparyphium aconiatum or E. recurvatum or Moliniella anceps) or two (E.

[An activity of nonspecific esterases in homogenates of Lymnaea stagnalis and Lymnaea tumida snails (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) infected by trematode cercariae Echinoparyphium aconiatum and Moliniella anceps (Echinostomatidae)].

The comparative analysis of esterase changes in homogenates of the snails Lymnaea stagnalis and L. tumida bodies was carried out. Juvenile snails with shell size 2 mm, 3-4 mm, 5-6 mm and 7-8 mm were exposed to cercariae of the trematodes Echinoparyphium aconiatum and/or Moliniella anceps.

[The effect of trematodes on the cellular immunity of the dragonfly Aeschna grandis (Odonata) larvae].

The high percent of the infestation by the trematodes of the families Plagiorchidae and Prosthogonimidae is recorded in the dragonfly Aeschna grandis larvae of the last stage. About 30% of the trematode cysts were melanized. It is established, that the parasitising of the trematodes do not effects on the process of the incapsulation of foreign bodies, but it suppresses partly the formation of oxygen free radicals and phenoloxidase activity in the haemocytes of dragonfly larvae.

[New data on Cyathocotyle bushiensis (Trematoda: Cyathocotylidae)].

Metacercariae of Cyathocotyle bushiensis Khan, 1962 (Digenea) were found in populations of seven species of gastropod snails collected from lakes and rivers in the south of West Siberia (Russia). This is the first record of C. bushiensis in Russia.

[Effect of melanins from black yeast fungi on cultured human cells. II. Differentiation of keratinocytes in vitro].

Data on the influence of the black yeast melanin (3 samples) on the in vitro differentiation of human keratinocytes are presented. The effect of melanins was estimated by the morphological state of keratinocytes using electron microscopy. The obtained differences in the state of the formed multilayer keratinocyte sheets depended on the melanin sample.

[Effect of melanins from black yeast fungi on cultured human cells. I. Proliferation of keratinocytes and fibroblasts].

Results of screening of the influence exerted by yeast black melanin on the proliferation of human skin keratinocytes and embryonic fibroblasts are presented. The optimal concentration of the investigated melanins was found to be within 0.005 and 0.

[Participation of Codiella troscheli (Mollusca: Prosobranchia) in the Metorchis albidus (Trematoda; Opisthorchidae) life cycle].

Investigating Mollusca prosobranchia of the Bithyniidae family in the water reservoirs of the Novosibirsk Region in 1994-1998 first revealed that Codiella troscheli had the trematode Metorchis albidus (Braun, 1893). The species affiliation of the trematode was experimentally verified. This paper presents the results of studies of the seasonal and daily emission of M.

[Study of photochemical and surface-active melanins of some representatives of black fungi].

The absorption spectra of melanins isolated from some black ascomycetes, as well as of synthetic melanin and natural melanin from Sepia officinalis, were recorded in the long-wavelength ultraviolet region A (320 nm < lambda < 400 nm) and in the blue-violet region of the electromagnetic spectrum at illumination intensities varying from 0.02 to 1 mW/cm2. The photochemical properties of fungal melanins were found to be dependent on both the producing strain and the conditions of its cultivation.

[Effect of nitrogen sources on biosynthesis, chemical composition, and structure of exopolysaccharides from Aureobasidium pullulans (de Bary) Arnaud].

The effect of the nitrogen source and the C/N ratio of the growth medium on the biosynthesis, composition, and structure of the exopolysaccharides (EPSs) of Aurebasidium pullulans (de Bary) Arnaud var. aubasidani Yurlova var. nov.

[The use of immunoblotting for studying Opisthorchis felineus (Rivolta, 1884) antigens].

Opisthorchis somatic, metabolic, and tegumental antigens were studied by using immunoblotting. It was shown that among several antigenic components, only the somatic protein with a molecular weight of about 100 kD failed to react with noninvased human sera.

[The chemical composition of Aureobasidium (Pullularia) pullulans cells].

Amino acid composition of total protein, free intracellular amino acids, reducing substances, nucleic acids, lipids, vitamins of the B group, and mineral composition were studied in the cells of Aureobasidium (Pullularia) pullulans, strain 8. Protein contained all 11 essential amino acids. The content of these substances was the following: nucleic acids, 1.

[Lipids of Aureobasidium (Pullularia) pullulans].

Fractional composition of free and bound lipids was studied in Aureobasidium (Pullularia) pullulans 8 by preparative TLC on Silufol. Bound lipids contained a fraction (27.76 +/- 0.