Percutaneous thermal radiofrequency rhizotomy of L2-S1 spinal nerve roots in children with cerebral palsy.

Objective: This study presents the results of an evaluation of the effectiveness of percutaneous thermal radiofrequency (RF) ablation of spinal nerve roots to reduce spasticity and improve motor function in children with cerebral palsy (CP).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the surgical treatment outcomes of 26 pediatric patients with severe CP (Gross Motor Function Classification System levels IV-V). The assessment protocol included muscle tone assessment using the modified Ashworth scale (MAS), evaluation of passive and active range of motion, gait video recording, and locomotor status evaluation using the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM)-88 scale.

Exoscopic removal of the fourth ventricle choroid plexus papilloma with use of a midline suboccipital osteoplastic craniotomy.

Choroid plexus papillomas are relatively rare vascular tumors. In this video, the authors present a pediatric patient who underwent exoscopic removal of the fourth ventricle choroid plexus papilloma with the use of a midline suboccipital osteoplastic craniotomy. The exoscope in the fourth ventricle lesion helps to improve visualization in all directions, with the surgeon being able to maintain a comfortable position throughout the procedure.

Anatomical Justification of Extradural Resection of the Anterior Clinoid Process.

 The study aimed to provide neuroanatomical justification of the extradural resection of the anterior clinoid process (ACP).  Using a cross-sectional study design, 47 cranial computed tomography (CT) scans were examined. There were 31 (65.

Clinical and anatomical analysis of the epileptogenic spread patterns in focal cortical dysplasia patients.

Background: Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is one of the main causes of intractable epilepsy, which is amendable by surgery. During the surgical management of FCD, the understanding of its epileptogenic foci, interconnections, and spreading pathways is crucial for attaining a good postoperative seizure free outcome.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 54 FCD patients operated in Federal Center of Neurosurgery, Tyumen, Russia.

Purely endoscopic biportal and monoportal removal of the choroid plexus papilloma of the third ventricle with bilateral spread to the lateral ventricles.

Modern neuroendoscopy makes it possible to treat tumors of various localizations with a reduced risk of intra- and postoperative complications. In this video, the authors present biportal and monoportal techniques for the removal of the choroid plexus papilloma of the third ventricle with bilateral spread to the lateral ventricles in a 1-year-old boy. For this operation, they successfully used a new instrument for neuroendoscopy, LigaSure, specially designed for intra-abdominal surgery.

Usefulness of Intraoperative ultrasound for cortical dysplasia type I treatment - A single-center experience.

Background: Focal cortical dysplasias (FCD) cause a subgroup of malformations of cortical development that has been closely linked to cause drug intractable epilepsy. Attaining adequate and safe resection of the dysplastic lesion has proved to be a viable option to archive meaningful seizure control. Of the three types of FCD (types I, II, and III), type I has the least detectable architectural and radiological abnormalities.

Application of Intraoperative Ultrasound Navigation in Neurosurgery.

Unlabelled: Effective intraoperative image navigation techniques are necessary in modern neurosurgery. In the last decade, intraoperative ultrasonography (iUS), a relatively inexpensive procedure, has gained widespread acceptance.

Aim: To document and describe the neurosurgery cases, in which iUS has been employed as the primary navigational tool.

Endoscopic Interhemispheric Disconnection for Intractable Multifocal Epilepsy: Surgical Technique and Functional Neuroanatomy.

Background: Callosotomy represents a palliative procedure for intractable multifocal epilepsy. The extent of callosotomy and the benefits of adding anterior and posterior commissurotomy are debated.

Objective: To describe a new technique of a purely endoscopic procedure to disconnect the corpus callosum, the anterior, posterior, and habenular commissures through the use of a single burr hole via a transfrontal transventricular route.

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in patients younger than 2 years: outcome analysis of 41 hydrocephalus cases.

Object: The object of this study was to analyze the outcome of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in patients under 2 years of age and investigate factors related to ETV success or failure in this patient population.

Methods: The authors reviewed their experience in using endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in the treatment of 41 hydrocephalus patients younger than 2 years. The mean duration of follow-up was 45 months.

Microsurgical study of the interpeduncular cistern and its communication with adjoining cisterns.

Objective: Investigating the structure, contents, location, and borders of interpeduncular cistern and its communications with adjoining cisterns.

Materials And Methods: Microsurgical anatomy of the interpeduncular cistern was studied in 14 adult cadaver brains, using a surgical microscope(x3 to x40 magnification).

Results: The interpeduncular cistern was divided into two portions: superficial (free) and deep (vascular).