The Complex Metabolomics Crosstalk Triggered by Four Molecular Elicitors in Tomato.

The elicitation of plant secondary metabolism may offer interesting opportunities in the framework of sustainable approaches in plant science and in terms of their ability to prime resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors. The broad metabolic reprogramming triggered by different molecular elicitors, namely salicylate (SA), polyamines (PAs), and chitosan, was comprehensively investigated using a metabolomics approach and the tomato ( L.) as the model crop.

A Dietary Intervention to Lower Serum Levels of IGF-I in Mutation Carriers.

Background: Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and other markers of insulin resistance (IRm) might influence the penetrance of gene mutation. In a demonstration project on mutation carriers we tested the effect of the 'Mediterranean diet', with moderate protein restriction, on serum levels of IGF-I and IRm.

Methods: mutation carriers, with or without breast cancer, aged 18⁻70 years and without metastases were eligible.

4-PBA ameliorates cellular homeostasis in fibroblasts from osteogenesis imperfecta patients by enhancing autophagy and stimulating protein secretion.

The clinical phenotype in osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is attributed to the dominant negative function of mutant type I collagen molecules in the extracellular matrix, by altering its structure and function. Intracellular retention of mutant collagen has also been reported, but its effect on cellular homeostasis is less characterized. Using OI patient fibroblasts carrying mutations in the α1(I) and α2(I) chains we demonstrate that retained collagen molecules are responsible for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) enlargement and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) mainly through the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 (PERK) branch.

Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Metabolic Syndrome in BRCA Mutation Carriers.

Background: Insulin resistance is associated with higher breast cancer (BC) penetrance in BRCA mutation carriers. Metabolic syndrome (MetS), an insulin resistance syndrome, can be reversed by adhering to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet). In a dietary intervention trial on BRCA mutation carriers, we evaluated adherence to the MedDiet, and the association with the MetS, by analyzing data from the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS).

Aneurysms of proximal pulmonary arteries: CT diagnosis and preoperative assessment.

We reviewed our experience with proximal pulmonary artery aneurysm (PPAA) to determine whether accurate preoperative evaluation (crucial to differential diagnosis and surgical planning) had been obtained on the basis of CT study alone. Three patients with PPAA were studied with contrast-enhanced CT. We evaluated the size and shape of PPAAs, their proximal and distal extent, eventual presence of intraluminal thrombi, dissection, perianeurysmal fibrosis, and rupture.