[Magnesium deficiency and dysregulation of vascular tone].

Magnesium deficiency is associated with impaired vascular tone bidirectionally and can lead to both an abnormal increase and abnormal lowering of blood pressure. This article analyzes studies on the relationship between blood pressure parameters and the level of magnesium in the blood. Evidence base for the use of magnesium for correction of vascular tone is presented.

[Antiproliferative effect of polar lipids of maral antlers and peat in prostate benign hyperplasia model].

Lipids isolated from maral antlers and peat decreased the prostate posterior and lateral lobule mass and normalized its acinar and stromal histological structure, reduced protein content, decreased formation of lipid peroxidation products, and intensified antioxidant protection in homogenates, decreased prolactine and 5a-dihydrotestosterone blood level, and increased testosterone blood content in male rats of late reproductive age with prostate benign hyperplasia model caused by sulpiride injections. Polar lipids of maral antlers and peat more effectively suppress prostate hyperplasia and hyperprolactinemia development in comparison to the action of Serenoa repens extract (permixon).

[Potassium-preserving properties of magnesium].

Current fundamental research indicates importance of conducting clinical studies of the influence of magnesium content of the body on the potassium homeostasis. In this work we systematically analyze molecular mechanisms through which magnesium regulates potassium homeostasis: ATP-sensitive inward rectifier K-channels, Na+/K(+)-ATPases and their regulatory protein SIK1, transporter SLC12A3 and WNK-kinases. Hyperkalemia as well as hypokalemia require safe and effective prevention and therapy, including restoration of magnesium homeostasis.

[Gastroprotective action of the nettle extract in experimental peptic ulcer].

Nettle extract produced from leaves crushed to 40-70 nm fragments protects the stomach mucous membrane, and does it better than the extract derived from same leaves crushed to 1 mm fragments, on the models of peptic ulcers caused by acetylsalicylic acid, histamine, prednisolone, and immobilized stress. The antiulcer activity of the nettle extract from 40-70 nm fragments is comparable with the effect of buckthorn oil. Nettle extracts also hinder the excess acid secretion and diminish the acidity of stomach juice in experimental peptic ulcer caused by pylorus ligation.

[Efficiency of the ALL-MB-2002 protocol in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

Aim: To evaluate the efficiency of the original ALL-MB-2002 protocol within the multicenter study of treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children.

Subjects And Methods: A total of 1873 primary patients with ALL aged 1 to 18 years, of whom 1544 patients were enrolled in this study, were notified at 36 clinics of Russia and Belarus from April 15, 2002, to January 1, 2008.

Results: With the median observation of 4.

[Kinetics of lymphoid cell subpopulations in the mouse spleen in the early period after unilateral nephrectomy].

The content of total T- and B-lymphocytes, T-rosette-forming at 37 degrees, T-autorosette-forming (ARF), FcIgM+, FcIgG+ and TDT+ lymphocytes is determined in mice after unilateral nephrectomy. The number of ARF, FcIgM+ and TDT+ lymphocytes increased 17 and 48 hours after the nephrectomy. The coincidence in time of the lymphocyte population increase with acquisition of morphogenetic activity by the spleen lymphoid cells allows one to assume their participation in the regenerative proliferation of renal epithelium.

[Effect of the spleen cells from partially splenectomized and partially hepatectomized mice on the proliferation of hepatocytes in the regenerating liver of syngeneic recipients].

Cells of mouse spleen obtained 48 h after foster splenectomy, foster hepatectomy, resection of 2/3 of spleen or 36 h after resection of 2/3 of liver were introduced intravenously into partially hepatectomized (resection of 2/3 or 1/4 of liver) syngeneic recipients. Cells of regenerating spleen sharply inhibited the mitotic activity of cells of the recipient liver following resection of 1/4 of liver 48 h after the operation and introduction of cells. Inhibition proved to be dose-dependent: it became apparent when 30 million cells were introduced, increased at a dose of 60 million cells and remained at the same level at higher doses.

[Dynamics of the activity of the normal mouse spleen killers after partial splenectomy].

The activity of natural killers from the mouse spleen was determined by 51Cr clearance from labeled target cells (YAC-1) at different times after resection of the two-thirds of the spleen. In the early periods after operation, there was a decrease in the natural cytotoxic activity of splenocytes followed by a relatively rapid rise for 8 days until the maximum exceeding the cytotoxicity of intact spleen cells was reached. However, the total lytic potential of the regenerating spleen did not return to normal during 28 days.

[Appearance of the signs of stress in mice as affected by lymphoid cells from syngeneic hypokinetic animals].

Lymphoid cells of the spleen were transferred from F1(CBA X C57BL/6) mice exposed to hypokinesia for 17 hours to unoperated and partially hepatectomized syngeneic recipients. It caused (on days 2, 3 and 7) changes in the body weight, thymus, spleen, adrenals and in proliferative activity of hepatocytes in the intact and regenerating liver, with these changes being similar to those induced by stress alone.

[Transmission of "regenerative" information by lymphocytes from rats with extensive intestinal resections].

Lymphocytes from male F1 rats (August X black Wistar) with a resected half of the small intestine (10 cm after stomach) are capable to stimulate the mitotic activity in the epithelium of small intestinal and esophageal crypts in syngeneic recipients. The correlation of the mitotic phases in experimental animals remained unchanged whereas the number of cells in experimental recipients' crypts significantly increased, thereby attesting to genuine stimulation of the proliferation. Lymphocytes from sham-operated rats failed to demonstrate such a property.

[Lymphoid regulation of the proliferative stage in regeneration of the intestines and esophagus of rats].

After the removal of a half of small intestine in the rats, the lymphocytes acquired the ability to stimulate the mitotic activity of crypts of the small intestine, large intestine and oesephagus in syngenic recipients. The ratio of mitotic phases in the experimental animals suffered no changes, the number of cells in the crypts increased reliably thus suggesting the true stimulation of proliferation. The lymphocytes of pseudooperated rats had no such ability.

[Intensified capacity of the lymphocytes of mice with repeated liver resection to transfer "regenerative information"].

It has been found that after extirpation of one liver lobe the lymphocytes of CBA mice did not stimulate the mitotic activity in the liver cells of non-operated syngeneic recipients. On the other hand, following single extirpation of 2/3 of the liver and after two-stage (with a 20-day break) removal of 2 liver lobes, mouse lymphocytes significantly stimulated the proliferative activity in the recipients' hepatocytes and Kupffer cells. The stimulation was organ-specific, since there was no variation in the mitotic index of renal cells in the experimental groups compared with controls.

[Effect of partial hepatectomy on the induction of cells inhibiting development of humoral immune response].

It has been shown that partial hepatectomy inhibits the induction of cells exerting a suppressant effect on the development of humoral immune response.

[Stimulation of the mitotic activity of hepatocytes and Kupffer cells in the liver of nonoperated mice by T and B lymphocytes from partially hepatectomized syngeneic donors].

T lymphocytes from the spleen of partially hepatectomized CBA mice enhance the mitotic activity of hepatocytes and Kupffer cells of the liver in nonoperated recipients. The proliferation induced by these cells is equal to the inductive capacity of the whole suspension of lymphocytes from the spleen of partially hepatectomized animals, which contains T and B lymphocytes. The proliferation induced by B lymphocytes from the spleen of operated mice is significantly lowered and is displayed chiefly in relation to Kupffer cells.

[Characteristics of the lymphoid tissue reaction in compensatory reparative growth of the salivary glands in mice].

The capacity of the spleen cells of CBA mice to antibody formation as well as to the "graft-versus-host" (GVH) reaction and the change in the stem cell number determined by the spleen colony method were studied after unilateral removal or burn of the submandibular salivary gland and amputation of lower incisors. It is shown that any of these experimental changes in the salivary gland state causes an increase in the stem cell migration and makes lymphocytes more active in inducing the GVH reaction. The ability of spleen lymphocytes to react on additional antigen stimuli increases after amputation of lower incisors, accompanied by an enlargement of salivary glands, and sharply decreases after the removal or burn of the submandibular salivary gland, not causing hypertrophy of salivary glands.

[Repeated amputation of the lower incisors in rats and the phenomena of salivary gland and testicular hypertrophy].

Repeated amputation of the lower incisors in rats, 11- and 14-days old, caused hypertrophy of the testis only in the presence of the submaxillary salivary glands. Bilateral submaxillary and sublingual sialadenectomy prevented hypertrophy of the testis. After the unilateral removal of these glands the weight of the testis increased, but its hypertrophy developed always.

[Genetic differences in lymphoid tissue reactivity during liver regeneration in mice of different lines].

The transfer of lymphocytes together with sheep erythrocytes from partially hepatectomized mice to syngenous lethally irradiated mice (CAB and C57BL) increased the number of antibody forming cells in the recipient's spleen. The lymphocytes of CBA mice acquired this ability much earlier after the operation (in 4 hours) than those of the C57BL mice (in 17 hours). After the transfer of lymphocytes in the semisyngenous system there was a decrease of antibody forming cells during subsequent recipient's immunization with sheep erythrocytes; this was the result of the graft versus host reaction.

[Characteristics of liver regeneration and growth in 3-week-old mice of different strains].

Three-week mice of C57BL strain are characterized by low proliferative activity of hepatocytes during normal growth of the liver. Hepatocytes of mice of this strain also had low proliferative activity 44 hours after partial hepatectomy (16%). Mice of the same age, but of other strains (mongrel, CBA, CC57BR) had higher mitotic indices both during normal growth and during regeneration (42; 70 and 60%, respectively).