[Effectiveness of Vitaprost Plus in the treatment of patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis].

The need for use of antimicrobial drugs in the treatment of patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis is indisputable. Given the variety of pathogenic mechanisms of chronic prostatitis, drug Vitaprost Plus in the form of rectal suppositories is of particular interest; it combines antibacterial activity with a positive effect on the various links in the pathogenesis of this disease. The evaluation of the efficacy and safety of drugs Vitaprost Plus and Lomflox was performed.

[Building of defects of the bladder wall by membrane, created on the basis of type I collagen (an experimental study)].

Experimental study was performed on 24 Chinchilla rabbits, which underwent resection of the bladder with building of defect by membrane "Collost", created on the basis of type I collagen. The functional state of the bladder in situ was assessed by infusion cystomanometry during repeated surgery at 7, 14 day and at 1, 3, 6 months, and at 1 and 1.5 years.

[Early diagnosis of prostate cancer using histoscanning device].

For the purpose of improving diagnosis of prostate cancer (PC), the authors used an innovative HistoScanning device. According to the standard procedure accepted at the clinic, 326 patients admitted with suspected prostate cancer were evaluated. Patients with elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were divided into three groups depending on the degree of its increase, which ranged from 1.

[Morphologic and functional heterogeneous changes of the urinary bladder different parts at rats with infravesical obstruction of the urinary tracts].

Infravesical obstruction of the lower urinary tracts of 30 rats was carried out by the measured constriction of the urethral prevesical parts. Morphologic and functional changes of the urinary bladder different parts were studied in 1 week and in 3 months. Compensatory hypertrophy of the detrusor was accompanied increasing of hypertrophied, atrophic and native forms of leiomyocytes, as so their transformation into myofibroblasts with connective tissue formation between the muscle fibers mainly in the neck of urinary bladder Contractility of the detrusor decreased with their tonus increasing mainly in the neck of urinary bladder too.

[Pneumocystic pneumonia].

The article is devoted to short description of epidemiology, clinical and radiologic demonstration of pneumocystic pneumonia. The features of pathologicoanatomic changes at pneumocystic pneumonia are described. Own observation about combination of classic and scarce histological changes at this disease is in the article.

[Regeneration of testicular tissue and restoration of rat fertility in xenotransplantation of enriched fetal cell cultures in bilateral abdominal cryptorchism].

The study of cell cultures enriched with stem and progenitor cells in the treatment of experimental hypergonadotropic hypogonadism was made on 30 white non-inbred rats with experimental cryptorchism who have undergone xenotransplantation of human fetal enriched cell cultures. Spermatogenic epithelium on histological sections was studied on day 14 and 28 after xenotransplantation with calculation of the spermatogenesis index. The fertility index was estimated for each of the groups.

[The morphologic and functional state of the kidneys exposed to focused waves during remote nephro-lithotripsy].

Clinical and experimental research has shown that complications connected with negative influence of focused waves in distant lithotripsy in litotripters with an electrohydravlic system of focused waves generation depend on many factors, including the regime of wave generator work, an electrode interval, defocusing the wave as a result of an electrode interval center displacement, the amplitude of pressure and the length of a wave impulse in positive and negative phases. The wave impulse is distorted, which leads to kidney tissue damage.

[Morphological reasons of development of recurrent cystitis in children].

Chronic cystitis was diagnosed in 36% of children with neuromuscular ureteral dysplasia, in 69% of those with vesicoureteral reflux, in 42% of girls with urolithiasis. Recurrent inflammation was registered in 96, 11% of patients with fibrinous cystitis and catarrhal cystitis, respectively, and in 62% of girls with bullous cystitis. Histological examination of 130 biopsies of bladder mucosa from girls with frequent recurrences of chronic cystitis provided a clear morphological picture of each endoscopic cystitis form.

[Endoscopic correction of neuromuscular ureteral dysplasia in children].

The authors present pathogenetic rationale for using endoscopic intervention in neuromuscular ureteral dysplasia in children. A positive effect of this treatment occurs primarily in patients with a small area of sclerosis focus in the ureter. Such patients have high percentage of leiomyocytes with a great regenerative potential.

[Intraprostatic injection of 96% ethanol in experimental animal model].

Transurethral intraprostatic injection of ethanol (IIE) is a new low-invasive method in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We made dog and rat experiments to prove safety and efficacy of IIE. The experiment was made on 10 rats and 10 dogs injected transurethrally (Prostaject device) with 96% ethyl alcohol in 10% volume of estimated volume of the prostate.

[Morphological changes in prostatic tissue of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia treated with permixon].

A pilot trial has been performed to assess effects of permixon on prostatic tissue in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). A total of 49 BPH and control patients entered the trial. 36 patients of the study group were randomized into 3 subgroups of 12 patients each.

[Long-term surgical treatment outcome in ureteral neuromuscular dysplasia in children].

178 patients with ureteral neuromuscular dysplasia (UND) treated surgically were followed up for maximum 8 years. The following operations were made: resection of the stenosed part with antireflux operation by Politano-Leatbetter, Hendren operation, Lopatkin-Kalichinsky operation. Functional results depended on the condition of leiomyocyte regenerative reserves, deficiency of secretory renal function and the surgical method.

[Plastic surgical repair of the urethra with vascular fasciocutaneous and combined flap (experimental study)].

The experiments on 15 dogs with preformed urethral stricture or urinary urethral fistula have demonstrated that microsurgical transplantation of the vascular fasciocutaneous pedicle flap provides good functional long-term results. The best effect was achieved in cases of intraflap inclusion of previously transplanted mucosa of the urinary bladder. In all 7 experiments x-ray picture was similar to normal.

[Change in indicators of metabolism and kidney function in intact rats after parenteral administration of sodium hypochlorite].

The changes of kidney metabolism, function and enzymuria activity of nephron epithelium cells after 4 days of parenteral administration of sodium hypochlorite 0.02% and 0.06% solutions were investigated in the experiments on 15 intact non-inbred rats of 200-280 g body weight.

[Epidemic security of the population of Tyrnyauz in Kabardin-Balkar Republic under the conditions of emergency situation caused by flood].

Materials characterizing the consequences of emergency situation caused by natural type in Tyrnyauz, the Kabardin-Balkar Republic, are presented. As shown in these materials, mud flows from the surrounding mountains resulted in the damage inflicted to the main life-supporting systems of the town: water supply and sewage, power supply, medical institutions and, partially, housing resources. As the result of urgent measures carried out in cooperation with the departments of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, health services and state sanitary and epidemiological surveillance services epidemiological safety could be ensured in the town.

[Gastrointestinal hemorrhage in urological diseases].

The authors analyse 28 cases of gastrointestinal hemorrhage (GIH) in urological diseases and after uronephrological operations, emphasize factors of uremic intoxication and relevant complications provoking DIC syndrome. Various factors leading to stress (acute blood loss, shock, sepsis) and development of immunodeficiency disturbed morphostructure of gastric and duodenal mucosa and provoked hemorrhage which was stopped most efficiently by fibrogastroduodenoscopy with coagulation of the bleeding vessel. If this operation failed, open surgery was performed.

[Transformed and pathological red cells in endogenous intoxication and extracorporeal detoxication].

Peripheral red blood cells obtained from 227 urological patients with chronic renal failure and purulent intoxication (78 of them were treated by hemodialysis and hemosorption) are examined. Scanning electron microscopy, cell surface charge, lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes, blood viscosity data are summarized. Significant morphofunctional changes dependent on the severity of the intoxication and the detoxication efficiency are manifestation of nonspecific features of the cell injury and adaptation.

[Use of a three-component scheme of immunosuppression on morphologic and immunohistochemical changes of transplants in the early postoperative period].

Three-component (cyclosporin A, corticosteroids and azathioprine) immunosuppression has been widely introduced in the treatment of recipients of renal transplants because it allows a significant reduction of the components' doses in greater effectiveness. The analysis of the results of 83 puncture biopsies obtained in the immediate postoperative period after kidney transplantation has shown that administration of an imidazole derivative allows raising therapeutic concentration of cyclosporin up to 200-300 ng/ml, thus preventing rejection crises. However, increased blood concentration of cyclosporin does not increase its toxicity as a result of a significant fall in the overall level of the metabolites.

[Morphofunctional characteristics of erythrocytes in extracorporeal efferent detoxication].

The erythrocyte morphology (scanning electronic microscope, the superficial erythrocyte charge, the lipid peroxidation rate and the blood viscosity were investigated in 78 patients, treated by use of hemodyalisis, hemosorbtion, plasmosorbtion and hyperbaric oxygenation to correct the chronic renal insufficiency and the purulent intoxication. The described erythrocyte changes reflect the features of definite kind of the efferent treatment and the program of its use, the individuality of the patient initial state. The efferent methods of treatment cause significant and mostly differently directed changes in the peripheral red blood.

[Postoperative cystitis in children].

Operative intervention on the urinary bladder in children entails postoperative reactive cystitis. Biopsies of urinary bladder mucosa were studied morphologically. Basing on these morphological findings and clinical evidence, three leading variants of the mucosa changes were distinguished: focal squamous cell metaplasia; excess of the lymphoid tissue and lymphangiectasia; hemangiectasia.

[Increase in structural-functional tolerance of kidney to ischemia upon parenteral administration of sodium hypochlorite in the pre-ischemic period].

The opportunity of raising kidney structural and functional tolerance to ischemia with parenteral injections of 0.06% solution of sodium hypochlorite for 4 days in preischemia period was studied in experiment on 22 non-inbred rats of 200-280 g body weight. 90 minute ischemia was created by ligating the left and right kidney arteries, veins, ureters.

[Morphofunctional characteristics of erythrocytes in chronic kidney failure and purulent intoxication].

The morphology of blood erythrocytes was examined under a scanning electron microscope and erythrocyte surface charge, lipid peroxidation on erythrocyte membranes, and blood viscosity were studied in 213 urological patients with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) and purulent intoxication (PI) of different severity. CRI and PI were characterized by morphofunctional changes in erythrocytes, which depended on the type and severity of intoxication. Changes in erythrocyte morphology in CRI and PI were paralleled by a decrease in their negative surface charge and activation of lipid peroxidation.

[Pathogenetic bases for choosing treatment for vesicoureteral reflux in children].

600 children treated surgically or conservatively for vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) at the age 3 months to 15 years were followed up for maximum 28 years. The course of compensatory processes in the kidney with considering the cause of VUR development at different stages of life (childhood, adolescence, adult life) and the degree of renal function loss were specified. Morphologic studies of renal parenchyma help choosing treatment of VUR in children depending on the cause of its development: malformation of ostium ureteris and intramural ureter, inflammation in the urinary bladder.

[Effects of sodium hypochlorite on the course of recovery of structural elements and functions of the kidneys in postischemic period].

Kidney morphological structure, function and enzymuria were studied in experiment on 22 non-inbred rats of 200-280 g body weight with 90 min kidney ligature ischemia on day 3 and 7. In experimental group (11 rats) 1 ml 0.06% solution of sodium hypochlorite (SH) was injected intraperitoneally daily after kidney ischemic damage.