[Pro-oxidant and antioxidant homeostasis in guinea pigs following fractionated x-ray irradiation at low doses and the correction of disorders with an antioxidant complex].

The state of pro-oxidant-antioxidant homeostasis in guinea pigs exposed to whole-body fractionated X irradiation (5 fractions of 0.2 Gy at a 24 hr interval, up to total dose of 1.0 Gy, at a dose rate of 0.

[The role of peroxidation processes and antioxidant protection in nitrite-induced hypoxia and its correction with vitamins].

Different doses of sodium nitrite were studied for their action in acute and chronic experiments on rats. Nitrite (NaNO2) hypoxia in rats was simulated to show how the methemoglobin (MtHb) level in blood depends on NaNO2 doses and the method of introduction. Lethal and sublethal doses of NaNO2 (50% of MtHb and more) promoted a decrease of lipid peroxidation (LP) in the liver microsomes, while the average and easy level of hypoxia activated it.

[Vitamin E and its synthetic analogs in experimental cardiovascular pathology].

Oxidative metabolism and the antioxidant system were studied in the myocardium of rats with various experimental impairments of heart tissue. Vitamin E and its synthetic derivatives proved to be effective in correction of the deteriorations observed.

[The alkaline phosphatase and aminotransferase activity of the blood serum and liver in rats with chronic poisoning by the dust from a mineral wool made of ferronickel slag].

The authors investigated the activity of alkaline phosphatase, alanine- and aspartate-aminotransferases of the blood serum, mitochondria and postmitochondrial fraction of the liver in conditions of administration of mineral cotton from ferronickel slag. It was shown that 1 and 3 months after introduction of mineral cotton dust changes occurred in the activity of these enzymes. Restoration of these enzymes occurred 6 months after introduction of mineral cotton dust.

[The role of alpha-tocopherol and thiamine in the correction of lipid peroxidation in compensatory myocardial hypertrophy].

Cardiac hypertrophy in rats was induced by the narrowing of the abdominal aorta 3.14 and 30 days before the experiment. It has been shown that activation of NADP.

[Indices of structure and function of erythrocyte membranes in rats with vitamin E deficiency and their correction with antioxidant drugs].

It is found that the amount of saturated fatty acids grows, while that of unsaturated--falls in the erythrocyte membranes of rats maintained on a diet without vitamin E. In this case transmembrane calcium transport catalyzed by Ca2(+)-ATPase (EC 3.6.

[Glutathione-S-transferase activity in tissues of rats with cardiovascular pathology].

The activity and certain properties of glutathione-S-transferases from tissues of rats with cardiovascular pathology are studied. Role of the enzyme in the detoxication processes in the myocardium is shown.

[Effect of vitamins A, E and K on the indices of the glutathione antiperoxide system in gingival tissues in periodontosis].

Glutathione reductase is activated and the content of glutathione sulfhydryl groups is increased in the gingival tissue of patients afficted with parodontosis. The degree of alterations depends on the degree of the development and character of the disease. Application of antioxidant vitamin therapy (vitamins A, E and K) locally and per os normalizes the parameters under study and improves the status of the parodontium.

[Activity of enzymes with an antioxidant action in the myocardium and blood of the rat during cardiovascular insufficiency].

It is found that glutathione reductase and superoxidismutase activity decreases in postmitochondrial fraction of the myocardium tissue under cardiovascular insufficiency of the hemodynamic type. In erythrocytes the activity of lipoperoxide-detoxicating glutathione peroxidase--GSH-peroxidase II lowers and that of hydrogen peroxide-utilizing GSH-peroxidase I grows. Disturbances in the antioxidant enzymic systems are discussed for their role in development of cardiac insufficiency.

[Effect of alpha-tocopherol on the activity of the liver glutathione antioxidative system and the activity of serum aminotransferase in rats during tetrachloromethane poisoning].

The activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase in the liver as well as of glutamate-pyruvate, and glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase in blood serum were studied in rats which were injected tetrachloromethane in a dose of 1.04 mmol per 100 g mass for seven days. Tetrachloromethane poisoning is accompanied by a considerable decrease in the glutathione peroxidase activity in the liver and an increase in the aminotransferase activity in the blood serum.

[Content of different forms of ascorbic acid in the tissues of rabbits with experimental myocardial infarct].

It was established that experimental myocardial infarction leads to a decrease in the ascorbic acid content in the left heart ventricle in the ischemic are and to a negligible rise in the dehydroascorbic acid concentration within the first hours after artery ligation followed by its lowering at the 24th hour. Meanwhile 24 hours after the operation the right heart ventricle manifests a 22% increase in the ascorbic acid content along with the rise of the deketogulonic acid level, whereas the content of dehydroascorbic acid does not appreciably change. The concentration of ascorbic acid in the liver of animals with experimental myocardial infarction drops by 27% as compared with intact animals.

[Activity of blood serum enzymes in alpha-tocopheryl acetate administered rats with experimental myocardial infarction].

The experimental myocardial infarction induced in rats by ligation of the descending branch of the coronary artery increases the activity of creatine phosphokinase, aspartate and alanine aminotransferases in blood serum. Administration of vitamin E promotes a reduction of excessive content of enzymes in the acute period and normalization of the activity of the studied enzymes in blood serum on the 7th day after occlusion.

[Glutathione antioxidant system in myocardium and erythrocytes of rats with acute hypoxic heart damage].

Acute hypoxic hypoxia causes no changes in the content of SH-groups and in the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in erythrocytes and myocardium. Adrenaline myocarditis results in activation of the glutathionic enzymes as well as in decrease in the content of SH groups in the myocardium and their increase in the erythrocytes. Administration of vitamin E partially corregates the shifts caused by adrenaline myocarditis.

[Activity of enzymes of tricarboxylic and pentose-phosphate cycles in dog brain with myocardial infarction].

Under conditions of experimental myocardium infarction caused in dogs by ligation of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery, the activity of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase in mitochondria of the cortex, cerebellum and medulla ablongata lowers most intensively on the first and fifth day after the appearance of acute myocardium infarction. Activation of the most important enzymes of the pentose-phosphate cycle (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and transketolase) which is clearly pronounced on the fifth day is observed in the mentioned sections. In the authors' opinions the above changes in the activity of the enzymes are due to the brain hypoxia which may be the main reason of disturbance in the function of the central nervous system under this disease.