[Activity of anterolateral motor cortex neurons in instumental food-acquisition and alcohol-acquisition behavior].

Singleunit activity of anterolateral area of motor cortex in rabbits subjected to chronic ethanol treatment was recorded to study interconnections of neuronal mechanisms of newly formed instrumental alcohol-acquisition behavior (IAB) and previously formed food-acquisition behavior (IFB). Adult animals were trained to perform IFB in experimental cage equipped with two food boxes and two pedals situated in the corners of the cage. Food was presented automatically in a food box after the pressing of an appropriate pedal.

[Involvement of rabbit motor cortex neurons in the instrumental behavior before and after chronic ethanol consumption: a comparison with the limbic cortex].

The effect of acute administration is significantly more prominent in the limbic (cingulate) than in the motor cortex [9]. We proposed that the limbic cortex is more sensitive also to chronic ethanol treatment (CET). It was shown that morphology as well as neuronal activity of the limbic cortex changed greatly after the CET [7].

[Activity of neurons in the anterolateral region of the rabbit motor cortex during taking food and nonfood objects in instrumental behavior].

We showed earlier that only 2-4% of N-neurons in the rabbit's anterolateral ("masticatory") motor cortex (AC) that are being specialized in relation to Newly formed acts (such as pressing the pedal, approaching the pedal) during the elaboration of instrumental food-acquistion behavior. The majority of neurons in this area are O-neurons that are specialized in relation to the Older acts formed long before the acquisition of instrumental behavior: mostly taking of food. It was shown also that electrical stimulation of this area produced jaw movements.

[Patterns in the shaping and realization of individual experience].

This article describes the methodological approach of systemic psychology. In the framework of this approach a wide range of experimental data is analyzed: results of neuronal recordings in vitro and in awake normal and pathological animals learning to perform and performing both complex instrumental and simple behavioral acts. Another block of analyzed data is based on the experiments with human subjects that learn and perform the tasks of categorization of words and operator tasks, subjects, performing group game activity and answering the questionnaires of psychodiagnostic methods.

[Structural changes and reorganization of the activity of the cortical neurons in the behavior of chronically alcoholized rabbits].

Unit activity in the limbic cortex recorded during food acquisition behaviour was analyzed in the rabbits that were subjected to chronic (2.5-3.0 months) alcohol administration (CA).

[The effect of acute ethanol administration on the neuronal activity of the motor cortex of the rabbit in its food-acquisition behavior].

Units activity of anterolateral area of rabbits motor cortex, realizing instrumental food-acquisition behaviour was studied at acute injection of ethanol and in control experiments (injection of physiological solution) in order to compare possible ethanol effects on the motor area of the cortex with effects revealed by us earlier at studying the activity of the limbic cortex units in the same experimental conditions. It was shown that after ethanol injection the number of active units and the pattern of the motor cortex units specialization in contrast to the limbic one remained constant. Nevertheless, composition of the motor cortex units involved in subserving the behaviour changed because of recruitment [correction of recrutation] of one cells (from V-VI layers of the cortex) in this process and exclusion of other ones (from II-IV layers).

[The effect of the acute administration of ethanol on the realization of behavior and its neuronal support].

In experiments on rabbits trained to instrumental food procuring behaviour it was cleared up, which changes of activity of neurones of the limbic cortical area corresponded to disturbances of this behaviour (increase in time of realization and in the number of errors) caused by intraperitoneal injection of 12% ethanol solution in a dose of 1 g/kg. In comparison with control (administration of isotonic solution), the number of active cells singled out in the microelectrode track was reduced by 1/3; the pattern of behavioural specialization of neurones involved in provision of the disturbed behaviour was changed. The content of neurones of the most recent systems formed during animals learning instrumental behaviour, decreased from 27 to 11%, and of neurones providing for realization of systems formed at previous stages of individual development increased from 18 to 36%.

[Neuronal specialization of the motor cortex in normal rabbits and following destruction of the visual cortex].

The activity of neurones of the anterolateral part of the motor cortex in food-acquisition behaviour was compared in two control rabbits and in three rabbits after the operation of bilateral ablation of the striatal cortex. In two of three operated rabbits the pattern of behavioural specialization lost considerably the specificity peculiar to the motor cortex (predominance of G-neurones activated in grasping of food), approaching (but not becoming identical) the pattern of specialization of the visual cortex neurones: the number of G-neurones decreased in a half, and the number of L-neurones (activated in connection with the acts of instrumental food-acquisition behaviour which animals were trained to in the experimental cage) was doubled. Changes of the activity were significantly less expressed in the third operated rabbit.

[Relation between the defensive behavior of altricial nestlings and the parameters of an alarm signal. Neuroethologic approach].

The acoustic organization of the defensive behaviour was studied in Pied Flycatcher nestlings. Electrodes were chronically implanted into the field L and the neck muscles for auditory EPs and EMG recordings. A well developed defensive reaction which under natural conditions is elicited by species-specific alarm call, could be artificially provoked by monotonal 4.

[Activity of neurons of the somatosensory and visual cortex in the rabbit during visual field testing and performance of food-getting behavior].

The activity of somatosensory and visual cortex neurons was compared in experiments on freely moving rabbits during testing of their receptive field and during natural "stimulation" of the receptive areas by environmental objects in food-acquisition behaviour. It was found that the neuronal activity during the receptive field testing may correspond completely, partly or not at all to that in food-acquisition behaviour, i.e.