[Topographic features of the embryogenesis of human adrenal glands].

The investigation of embryotopography of adrenals was performed on 95 embryo and 5-12 weeks old prefetus preparations, by microscopy, graphic and plastic reconstruction. It was abolished that adrenals develop in close morphologic correlation with temporary (primary kidneys, sex glands) and persistent (secondary kidneys) organs of embryonic retroperitoneal space. Developing in close correlation with derivatives of visceral layer of mesoderm (dorsal mesogastrium, mesocolon), adrenals, especially the left one are covered by an additional peritoneal layer during prefetal period.

[Reconstructive model of organs of the embryonal retroperitoneal space].

Data on formation of organocomplexes in retroperitoneal space (gonadomesonephric, adreno-renal and pancreatoduodenal) and dynamics of their topographo-anatomic interrelations during human intrauterine development are presented.

[Embryonic development of renal fascia].

Findings on embryonal development of renal fascia are given. By the end of the second and during the third months of embryogenesis renal fascia and fascio-mesenchymal clefts as a base for the future adipocyte spaces of retroperitoneum connected with it form around kidneys due to successive rearrangements of mesenchyme.

[The embryotopographic interrelations of the pancreas with the organs of the retroperitoneal space].

60 human embryos from 4 to 12 weeks were studied by methods of microscopy, graphic and plastic reconstruction. Formation of pancreas shape finishes by the and of 8th week, but topography formation continues and by the and of 12th week of embryogenesis its topography does not correspond definitive state. Formation of the gland topography to significant extent depends on dynamics of its topographic-anatomic interrelations with adrenals, urogenital organs, liver and primary mesentery leaflets.

[Topographic anatomical interrelation of the lumbar triangles with the organs and adipose tissue formations of the retroperitoneal space].

The investigation has been carried out in 96 corpses of fetuses, newborns and mature persons by means of preparation methods, injection of fatty formations of the retroperitoneal space, superior urinary pathways and vessels with x-ray contrast masses and subsequent roentgenography. The area of the lumbar triangles is subjected to certain fluctuations and only in some cases they are absent. The kidneys, peritoneal part of the ureters, duodenum, pancreas, aorta and inferior vena cava in the projection of the lumbar triangles are not situated.

[Recapitulation in the development of the components of the counterflow system in the vertebrate metanephros].

The investigation has been performed on 107 renal preparations obtained from persons of various age (from 5-month-old fetuses up to 45 years of age), certain representatives of other classes of the Vertebrata are also included: fish, amphibia, reptile and mammalia at various stages of pre- and postnatal periods of ontogenesis by means of preparing graphic and plastic reconstructive models, histological investigation and microdissection. The complexity of the intrarenal branching of derivatives of the mesonephric duct diverticulum, development and structure of the canalicular part in nephrons directly depend on the phylogenetic position of the animal. Complexity of the nephron architectonics occurs along the progressive line of taxonomic groups of higher Vertebrata.

[Transformation of the kidney pelvis and the major and minor calices during their development].

The investigation has been performed in 28 series of histological sections of human embryos and prefetuses (4-20 weeks of the intrauterine development) and in 17 fetal corpses by means of certain histological methods, preparation of graphic reconstructive models, microscopy and fine preparation. The structural form of the definitive organ renal pelvis is demonstrated to depend on the ramification type of the metanephric duct derivatives. This is stipulated by interinductive processes of the ureteral sprout and metanephrogenic tissue.