[Effect of unithiol and acetylcysteine on lipid peroxidation and the erythrocyte antioxidant system in sensitized guinea pigs].

The effect of unithiol and acetylcysteine on lipid peroxidation, thioldisulfide equilibrium, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione reductase and lactate dehydrogenase activity and on erythrocyte resistance was studied in guinea-pigs during sensitization with C. maltosa. Sensibilized animals receiving thiol antioxidants showed partial restoration of normal biochemical levels.

[Circulating cardiac antigens in animals with experimental myocardial infarct undergoing malaben pharmacotherapy].

It has been established in chronic experiments on rats that during experimental myocardial infarction, the blood has a complex of heart antigens (up to 250 micrograms/ml). In untreated animals, a high content of heart antigens remains unchanged for a month, slightly diminishing in the second half of the observation period. During malaben treatment, the concentration of heart antigens and duration of their circulation in the blood noticeably decreases which evidences the reduction of the focus of necrosis in the myocardium.

[Role of the immunological factors in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis].

It is shown that lipoproteins possessing autoantigenic properties may appear in blood serum of patients with atherosclerosis complicated by coronary disease. Developing sensitization to these lipoproteins, accompanied by the formation of an autoimmune complex may be the principal factor in the formation of arterial atherosclerotic lesions. Sensitization to vascular wall antigens is viewed as a factor contributing to rapid progress of atherosclerosis.

[Changes in the blood-testis barrier as a result of streptococcal sensitization].

Permeability of the histo-hematic barrier in the guinea pig and mouse testes immunized with streptococci has been studied radiometrically and luminescent microscopically with application of labelled bovine serum albumin, human gamma-globulin and blue dye preparations. The permeability of the hemato-testicular barrier increases on the 7th--30th day after immunization. Test-preparations penetrate from the vessels of the intercanalicular connective tissue layers through the membrane of the convoluted tubules.

[Immunomorphologic changes in the testes upon exposure to a microwave electromagnetic field].

The experiments have been performed on 77 mature male rabbits. Light and electron microscopic, as well as immunofluorescent methods have demonstrated that a single local application of superhigh-frequent electromagnetic field of nonthermal intensity to the testes results in structural disturbance and in disorders of permeability of the hemato-testicular barrier, in ultrastructural changes of the tunica propria of the convoluted seminiferous tubules, and is accompanied with the development of auto-immune process in the testes; that causes certain distrophic changes in the spermatogenic epithelium and destruction of sex cells, predominantly those at the latest developmental stages. According to individual sensitivity, 3 groups of the animals have been revealed that variously respond to the damaging effect of the superhigh-frequency electromagnetic field.

[Effect of homologous antistreptococcal antibodies on testicular tissue].

Ability of homologous antistreptococcal sera obtained in various periods after immunization (7, 14, 21, 30 and 60 days) to alter the testis following intravenous injection was studied in guinea-pigs. Only 30-day immune sera containing maximum antibodies to testicular antigens (fluorescent and spermacytotoxic) were able to induce alteration of the testis after preliminary (10 days before) intracutaneous administration of complete Freund's adjuvant. Within the first two days after the alteration induction, fixation of globulin from the immune serum on the structures of spermatozoas from the testis was determined by the immunofluorescent technique.

[Effect of hydrocortisone on the development of experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits].

The role of the immunocompetent system in the development of experimental atherosclerosis was studied in experiments with 51 rabbits given hydrocortisone injections. Hydrocortisone produced atrophy of T and B systems of the lymph nodes and spleen. Under these conditions the experimental sclerosis developed little regardless high lipid blood level.

[Effect of immunization with small doses of antigen on the development of experimental atherosclerosis].

Immunization of rabbits suffering from experimental hyperlipemia with human gamma-globulin (a total dose of 150 mg) or with disintegrated yeast Candida albicans (a total dose of 62 mg) inhibited the development of hyperlipemia and atherosclerosis. The effect was more pronounced in animals immunized on the 6th experimental week than in those immunized on the 9th week.

[Experimental carcinogenesis in the urinary bladder against a background of Freund adjuvant and levamisole administration].

Administration of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) to rats before carcinogenesis and in its early period was associated with an increase (not less than 2-fold) in the number of spindle-shaped dark cells that permeated the hyperplastic urothelium and, judging the ultrastructure, had a macrophage nature. These animals demonstrated a relationship between the increased number of dark cells and delayed development of the subsequent stage of carcinogenesis--papillomatous hyperplasia. CFA administration to the animals with a developed cancer of the urinary bladder did not affect it noticeably.

[Immunomorphological study of the structural proteins of the aortic wall in experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits].

Destruction of elastic and collagenous fibers in lipid spots and atherosclerotic plaques in rabbit experimental atherosclerosis is associated with exposure of previously latent antigenous determinants of structural arterial proteins and appearance of circulating antibodies to collagen, elastin and structural glycoproteins. By the 4th month of the experiment there is an abrupt decrease in the titres of the above antibodies fixed to degeneratively altered fibrous structures of the aortal wall. Sedimentation of circulatory antivascular antibodies is associated with the enhanced destruction of collagenous and elastic fibers, with proliferation of the connective tissue and dramatic progress of the atherosclerotic process.

[Immunocompetent system of rabbits in experimental atherosclerosis].

Morphological studies of rabbit immunocompetent system combined with the examination of the atherosclerosis progression in the arteries allowed to establish the source of immunological responses developing in the process of experimental atherosclerosis: mesenteric and para-aortal lymph nodes and the spleen. The immunological response was of the B-type. The possiblity of the existence of a new type of immunological response early in the disease which may be realized not due to the proliferation but by cell differentiation was demonstrated.

[Immunoluminescent detection of antibodies to testicular antigens in experimental autoimmune orchitis].

Antibodies interacting with spermatid structures in the testis sections and with acrosome and caudal regions of spermatozoa in the smears of sperm were determined in the sera of guinea pigs and mice with experimental autoimmune orchitis by the indirect immunofluorescent method. The antibodies were found in mice from the 14th to the 30th day and in guinea pigs from the 14th to the 60th day after immunization. Circulation time and the level of the fluorescent antibodies were significantly decreased in immunized female guinea pigs and mice.

[Effect of the nucleic factor on lymphocyte cytotoxicity].

Under study was the influence of the nucleic factor, isolated from Ehrlich tumor ascitic fluid, on cytotoxicity of in vitro lymphocytes of CC57Br mice immunized by L-cells. In a dose of 5--10 mkm/ml this factor was shown to suppress cytotoxicity of splenic cells as well as that of lymph nodes cells of previously immunized mice. Cellular DNA of non-lineal SHR mice, hepatic RNA of normal mice C3Ha (their genotype being similar to L-cells), of non-lineal SHR mice and syngeneic CC75Br in the same concentration failed to produce such effect.

[Detection of autoimmune lipoprotein--antibody complex in human plasma and aortic wall].

An immune complex of lipoprotein-antibody was found in human blood plasma and in tissue liquid of aorta, impaired by atherosclerosis. In the majority of cases the antigen component of the immune complex was lipoprotein of very low density. After dissociation of the complex at acid pH, immunoglobulin G was isolated, which was identified by double immunodiffusion in agar gel; the immunoglobulin reacted in RBS both with autological and, in some cases, with isological lipoproteins.

[Allergic orchitis in animals caused by streptococcal sensitization].

Guinea pigs and mice develop orchitis after immunization with killed streptococcus groups A (type 12) cells in complete adjuvant. In guinea pigs the process is characterized by the atrophy of spermatogenous epithelium of the testicles, and in mice by the disappearance of mature spermia from convoluted seminiferous tubules. Globulin fixed on spermia was detected in testicles of the immunized mice.

[Histologic and radiometric studies of the immunocompetent system in rabbits with atherosclerosis].

Changes in the immunocompetent organs were studied in rabbits during atherosclerosis by the histological and radiometric methods. An increase of cells of the plasmocyte series in the sinuses of the medulla of the mesenteric lymph nodes was observed when the total proliferative activity was reduced. The cells of immune response in atherosclerosis are supposed to be formed not on account of active proliferation, but by means of differentiation of the initial small lymphocytes.

[Nature of the lipoprotein antigen responsible for the development of resistance to experimental atherosclerosis following its use in immunization of newborn rabbits].

In order to develop a tolerance to experimental atherosclerosis newborn rabbits were immunized with various fractions of atherogenic lipoproteins (lipoproteins of low density, lipoproteins of very low density and total fraction of these lipoproteins), isolated from blood serum of adult rabbits with experimental hypercholesterolemia. The tolerance to atherosclerosis proved to be achieved in immunization with lipoproteins of very low density. The lesser effect was observed using the total fraction of lipoproteins.