[Process of Candida tropicalis adaptation to L-arabinose].

When biotin (an essential growth factor) is removed from the mineral Rieder medium, a mutation process is induced, particularly, if a nutrition source (glucose) is present in the medium. Hence, a mutation process can be induced under the conditions of an unbalanced 'organism--medium' system.

[Monochlorophenols as enzyme substrates for the preparatory metabolism of phenol in Candida tropicalis yeasts].

The object of this work was to find out whether Candida tropicalis can be used for monochlorophenol degradation. Phenol monooxygenase and pyrocatechase, enzymes involved in preparatory phenol metabolism were shown to catalyse transformation of 3- and 4-chlorophenols. Phenol monooxygenase catalyses hydroxylation of 3- and 4-chlorophenols to 4-chloropyrocatechol which yields beta-chloromuconic acid under the action of pyrocatechase.

[Lag phage in Candida tropicalis growth on phenol].

When Candida tropicalis CD5 was grown on phenol, substances eliminating the inhibiting action of phenol accumulated in the cultural broth during the lag phase of growth. C. tropicalis CD5 was cultivated on the filtrate of the cultural broth obtained after the lag phase and containing 0.

[Utilization of 4-chlorobenzoic acid by Arthrobacter globiformis].

A strain of Arthrobacter globiformis utilizing 4-chlorobenzoic acid as a sole source of carbon and energy was isolated by the method of enrichment cultures from vegetable garden soil near Moscow. The yield of released chlorine upon the utilization of 4-chlorobenzoic acid exceeded 96% of the theoretically possible one. Biotin stimulated noticeably the utilization of the acid.

[Adaptation of yeasts of the genus Debaryomyces to protocatechuic acid].

Among five yeast strains belonging to the genus Debaryomyces that were unable of utilizing aromatic compounds (phenols and hydroxybenzoic acids), three strains, viz. D. kloeckeri BKM-Y-1044, D.

[Adaptation of Candida tropicalis yeasts to increasing hydroquinone concentrations].

The optimal concentration of hydroquinone in the Rieder medium for Candida tropicalis is 0.2 to 0.25%.

[Utilization of aromatic compounds by yeasts of the genus Debaryomyces].

The ability to utilize phenol, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, m-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2,4-dihydroxydenzoic acid, protocatechuic and gentisic acids was studied among 61 strains of 23 yeast species belonging to the Debaryomyces genus. All species characterized by active fermentation did not utilize these aromatic compounds. If fermentation was absent or weak, some of the aromatic compounds were utilized.

[para-Aminobenzoic acid as a sole source of carbon and energy for Pseudomonas desmoliticum].

A strain of Psuedomonas desmoliticum has been isolated from soil. It utilizes, as a source of carbon and energy, p-aminobenozic (PABA), p-fluorobenzoic acids, and some other aromatic compounds. The strain has been isolated by inoculating soil suspensions onto Petri plates with a solid mineral medium containing 0.

[Preliminary metabolism of D-ribose by Candida bombi].

The activity of D-ribokinase increases and its constitutive synthesis takes place in the yeast Candida bombi after its adaptation to D-ribose. The activity of the enzymes of preparatory metabolism of D-ribose via the reductive pathway after the adaptation to this pentose is low and no growth is found in the medium containing ribitol; therefore, metabolism of D-ribose in C. bombi proceeds via the kinase pathway.