[Method of optimal hydraulic dilatation of venous conduits for coronary artery bypass grafting].

Hydraulic dilatation is used in everyday cardiac surgical practice for assessment of leak-proofness and prevention of spasm of autovenous shunts. The classical technique envisages manual high-pressure solution injection, which exerts a negative effect on venous conduits and is one of the causes of incompetence of shunts in the postoperative period. Limiting pressure during hydraulic dilatation is necessary to minimize morphological changes and preserve functional viability of venous conduits.

[Role of intraoperative flowmetric assessment of coronary artery bypass grafts established on-pump].

Aim: This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of three-stage measurement of the transit-time flow through coronary bypass grafts with the help of flowmetry for early verification of technical errors during on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Patients And Methods: We performed an intraoperative analysis of 214 bypass grafts with the help of three-stage flowmetry. The first stage of measuring was performed on-pump with and without the proximal loop test, the second stage of measurement was performed after weaning the patient off the heart-lung machine, and the third stage of measurement was carried out after heparin inactivation prior to chest wound closure.

[Blood loss control during endoscopic vein harvesting for myocardial revascularization in patients with acute coronary syndrome].

From 5 to 10% of patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome and receiving dual antiplatelet therapy require surgical myocardial revascularization. Dual antiplatelet therapy considerably increases the risk of surgical bleeding. Endoscopic harvesting of the great saphenous vein is a technique that can make it possible to decrease the injury and to minimize blood loss.

[Functionality of mammary-coronary bypass grafts according to the data of intraoperative flowmetry].

Improvement of surgical treatment for ischaemic heart disease is one of the main trends in modern medicine. After the operation of coronary bypass grafting, further functioning of blood flow in the grafts largely depends upon its domination over the native blood flow in the target coronary arteries. Therefore, intraoperative diagnosis of functional competence of coronary bypass grafts by means of flowmetry is currently of special importance.

[A new method of endoscopic harvesting of the great saphenous vein in an open system].

We examined a total of 246 patients subjected to coronary artery bypass grafting with the use of the great saphenous vein (GSV). The patients were subdivided into two groups. Group One (n=121) patients endured procurement of the great saphenous vein by a new endoscopic technique in an open system with the help of the equipment Karl Storz and electric dissector Ligasure.

[Fasciotomy as a method of surgical preparation of a conduit for coronary artery bypass grafting].

The study included a total of 59 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with the use of the radial artery (RA). Group One consisted of 28 patients who while preparing the conduit were subjected to longitudinal dissection of the fascial compartment (fasciotomy) of the RA. Group Two comprised 31 patients not undergoing fasciotomy.

[Scintigraphic assessment of alterations in cardiopulmonary haemodynamics and renal functional activity in patients with endured coronary artery bypass grafting].

Objective: By means of scintigraphic methods to assess alterations in cardiopulmonary haemodynamics and renal functional activity in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after endured coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) performed in conditions of extracorporeal circulation (EC) and on the functioning heart.

Material And Methods: We examined a total of 40 patients presenting with CAD (mean age 54.90±1.

[Policy of using the right internal thoracic artery "in situ" for coronary artery bypass grafting].

The authors analysed the outcomes in a total of 73 patients subjected to coronary artery bypass grafting with the use of the "in situ" the right internal thoracic artery. Of these, 14 patients endured bypass grafting with assessment of the conformity of the length of the "in situ" right ITA as a conduit for the distal third of the right coronary artery (RCA). 16 patients underwent grafting of the RITA "in situ" with the RCA by passing through the pleural cavity.

[In vitro study of the radial artery vasodilatory reactions].

The aim of the study was to investigate comparative contractility of isolated radial artery segments (n = 50). Phosphodiesterase inhibitor (papaverine) was used in 15 segments; dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist (adalat) was used in 12 segments; calmodulin inhibitor (aminazine) was used in 13 segments; and "nitromixture" (5 mg verapamil hydrochloride, 2.5 mg nitroglycerine, 500-UN heparin, and 300 mL isosmotic Krebs solution) was used in 10 segments.

[New aspects of using dihydropyridine calcium antagonists during coronary bypass surgery].

Aim: To study the contractile properties of the human radial artery (RA) and to provide a comparative clinical assessment of the results of autoarterial coronary bypass surgery (AACBS) using calcium antagonists (CA).

Materials And Methods: Human RA smooth muscle samples (n = 49) taken at AACBS were experimentally studied. Mechanography was used to record the contractile responses of isolated smooth muscle samples to the contractile properties of a RA segment exposed to the liquid vasodilators nifedipine, papaverine, and sodium nitroprusside.

[Effect of antiischemic therapy in immediate period after mammary coronary bypass surgery on left ventricular contractility and conduit blood flow. Randomized controlled study].

Aim: To assess influence of 2-week course therapy with atenolol, nebivolol, and verapamil on systolic and diastolic left ventricular function and mammary coronary blood flow in early period after revascularization.

Material: Patients (n=113) after mammary coronary bypass grafting.

Methods: Echocardiographic characteristics of systolic and diastolic left ventricular function, and blood flow through mammary coronary grafts were measured before and after treatment with study drugs.

[Effect of trimetazidine on regressione of ischemic dysfunction of myocardium after coronary bypass surgery on beating heart].

Aim: To study effect of trimetazidine on restoration of hibernating myocardium after myocardial revascularization on beating heart.

Material: Patients with ischemic heart disease subjected to direct myocardial revascularization on beating heart: 25 patients received trimetazidine (60 mg/day) in pre and postoperative periods and 30 patients did not.

Methods: Echocardiography, veloergometry, 6 minute walk test, myocardial scintigraphy with Tl-199.

[Effect of calcium antagonists verapamil and amlodipine on the risk of development of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting].

Aim: To assess effect of calcium antagonists amlodipine and verapamil on the risk of development of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery.

Material: Of 74 patients subjected to mammary artery and venous coronary bypass grafting with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass 19 received amlodipine and 21 - verapamil.

Results And Conclusion: Attacks of atrial fibrillation during 24 hour ECG monitoring were registered in 22.

[Postoperative spasm of mammary-coronary grafts and possibilities of its correction by dihydropyridine calcium antagonists nifedipine and amlodipine].

Aim: To assess efficacy of dihydropyridine calcium antagonists nifedipine and amlodipine for prevention of spasm of internal mammary artery after mammary-coronary bypass grafting.

Material And Methods: Eighty eight men (age 56,5-/+7.2 years) subjected to mammary-coronary grafting were randomized to 3 groups.

[The effect of histochrome on the lipid peroxidation indices during the surgical treatment of patients with ischemic heart disease of different functional classes].

The cardioprotector effect of the antioxidant histochrom was studied during surgical creation of an aortocoronary shunt in patients suffering from ischemic heart disease with angina pectoris of different functional classes (FC). The initial content of lipid peroxidation (LPO) products in the blood of patients with angina pectoris of functional class II was much lower than that in patients with angina pectoris of FC IV. This difference disappeared practically after intravenous infusion of histochrom in the pre- and postoperative period.

[Effectiveness of the methods of electric cardiac stimulation and low-energy cardioversion-defibrillation in the prevention and treatment of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation].

The efficiency of treatment of ventricular tachycardias and fibrillation in cardiologic and cardiac surgical practice was examined in 154 patients by employing new unique means and facilities for automatic cardioversion-defibrillation of the heart. A comparative analysis was made of the efficiency of prevention of ventricular fibrillation and arrest of ventricular tachycardias by using various electric cardiac stimulation. The investigations indicated ventricular arrhythmia deaths might be significantly reduced by applying various methods of electric pulse therapy.