[The weakened form of familial adenomatosis: clinical and genetic characteristics and methods of treatment].

Clinical and genetic analysis of 24 Russian patients with attenuated form of family colon adenomatosis was undertaken. On the basis of obtained clinical and genetic data it was defined the algorithm of therapeutic measures in this group of patients--from dynamic monitoring or endoscopic polypectomy to performing extensive resections of the colon in situations associated with cancer development, an increase of the intensity of growth of polyps or an appearance of villous lesions. Some of the patients had molecular-genetics causes of a weakened form of family adenomatosis.

[The comparative analysis of the surgical treatment of the familial adenomatosis of the colon with the use of cell transplantation].

Authors represent the surgical technique of colectomy with preserving the natural intestinal passage in the treatment of the familial colic adenomatosis. The technique is based on the preserving the distal part of the rectum with its demucosation and connecting with the ileal conduit. The rectal mucosa reconstruction is performed with the use of allogenic transplantation of fetal intestinal cells.

[Rehabilitation of operated patients with diffuse polyposis of the large intestine].

In 1965 to 2000, the State Coloproctology Research Center operated on 584 patients for diffuse polyposis of the large intestine. A 18-year follow-up showed that metabolic disorders developed in 85% of cases due to the loss of large intestine that is important for maintaining homeostasis. The authors consider it necessary to continuously follow up the patients operated on for diffuse polyposis for timely diagnosis of occurring metabolic disorders and their correction.

[Pregnancy and diffuse intestinal polyposis].

A follow-up of 52 pregnant women with diffuse polyps of the colon showed that gestation deteriorated the course of diffuse polyposis and provoked the appearance of the first symptoms of this disease. Diffuse polyposis had virtually no effect on the course of pregnancy and labor. Gestation eventuated in normal full-term delivery in 22 patients, in preterm delivery in 4, in 3 patients cesarean section was performed, in 1 the fetus was extracted with obstetrical forceps, 1 delivery finished with manual detachment and extraction of the placenta.

[Effectiveness of preserving large intestinal segments in surgical treatment of proliferative diffuse polyposis].

Among 390 patients who were operated on in the Research Institute of Proctology for the proliferative form of diffuse polyposis, 242 underwent various types of operations in which polyp-free segments of the large intestine were not resected. In the first 5 postoperative years all 242 patients were examined, in follow-up periods of 6 to 10 years 144 patients (59.5%), in periods of 11 to 15 years 88 patients (36.

[Comparative characteristics of various types of operations performed in treatment of diffuse colonic polyposis].

Diffuse polyposis of the large intestine characterized by the development of multiple polyps in it and their subsequent malignant degeneration is one of the most severe disease of the gastrointestinal tract. That it must be treated by surgery needs no proof. However, the volume and the character of the surgical intervention on the large intestine is still a debatable problem.

[A comparative study of nonsurgical methods in the treatment of hemorrhoids].

The authors conducted comparative appraisal of the results of treatment of hemorrhoids in 3 groups of patients at a higher surgical risk in 1989-1990. Group 1 consisted of 79 patients given the traditional nonoperative treatment. Group 2 was made up of 17 patients in whom the hemorrhoidal nodes were ligated by means of latex rings.

[Colectomy with resection of the rectal mucosa and formation of the ileo-rectal anastomosis as an alternative of permanent ileostomy].

A new method for surgical management of patients with diffuse polyposis of the large intestine is described. It was applied in 22 patients with total involvement of all parts of the large intestine in polyps. The essence of the suggested operation consists in preservation of the rectum after its demucosation and the formation of a cecal++-ileorectal anastomosis at the level of the pelvic peritoneum.

[The therapeutic procedure for desmoids in patients with diffuse polyposis of the large intestine].

Desmoid was diagnosed in 54 out of 632 patients who had been operated on for diffuse polyposis. The age of patients with desmoid ranged from 18-61 years. Twenty of them had desmoid in the anterior abdominal wall whereas 30--in the small intestine mesentery or retroperitoneal space.

[Secretion of thyrocalcitonin and parathyroid hormone in diffuse polyposis of the colon].

The article presents data obtained in studying the content of calcium regulating hormone thyrocalcitonin and parathyroid hormone in blood plasma of patients with diffuse polyposis of the colon prior to and after a radical surgical treatment. The content of these hormones was also studied in extracts from colonic polyps. The concentration The concentration of thyrocalcitonin was found to decrease after operation.

[Therapeutic tactics in patients operated on for diffuse polyposis of the colon].

The endoscopic sanitation is possible in patients operated upon for diffuse polyposis in cases of the absence of malignization of the polyps in the other parts of the colon. The endoscopic polypectomy performed on patients with diffuse polyposis allows preserving the rectum in 88.8% and the upper parts of the gastrointestinal tract in 99.

[Therapeutic tactics in colonic diverticulosis].

Based on an analysis of results of treatment of 556 patients the authors think operative measures to be indicated in cases with the perforation of diverticula, chronic peridiverticular infiltration and failure of the conservative therapy. In noncomplicated diverticulosis resection of the altered segment of the intestine should be added by serosomyotomy by an original authors' method.