[Effect of human gastric juice on dimethylamine nitrosation by sodium nitrite].

The study was concerned with evaluation of the effect of human gastric juice (samples obtained from 157 subjects) on in vitro dimethylnitrosamine nitrosation by sodium nitrite versus gastric mucosa pathology (gastritis, polyps, ulcer, cancer), gastric juice pH and nitrate ion level. Also, the influence of gastric juice glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins levels as well as N-acetylneuraminic acid isolated from porcine blood was assessed. An increased nitrosating activity of gastric juice was observed in cases of gastritis and ulcer and in those with low nitrate ion activity.

[Determination of N-nitroso compounds in the gastric juice for evaluation of the individual nitrosating capacity of the body].

The article deals with a comparison of the results of human body nitrosating ability determination by two methods: (a) nitroso compound (NC) assay in diurnal urine after oral administration of its precursors, and (b) assay of the same in gastric juice after in vitro addition of precursors. The data for the first part of the investigation were obtained from the literature, and for the second one--from the experiments by the authors. Both studies used essentially identical groups of patients, primarily those suffering gastrointestinal pathology.

[Abnormal effect of nitrosation inhibitors in human gastric juice].

The paper discusses the effect of vitamins C and E and Plantaglucide on nitroso compounds yield in the course of nitrosation of amines in human gastric juice. The study group included 56 subjects. The above drugs capable of inhibiting in vitro nitrosation produced an anomalous effect in gastric juice of some subjects, i.

[Endoscopic ambulatory electroexcision of gastric polyps].

An analysis of observations of 68 patients has shown that in certain patients the endoscopic electroexcision of gastric polyps can be fulfilled under conditions of the outpatient clinic. The safety of the operation depends on the patient's state and the preliminary assessment of the following factors: the anatomic shape, polyp size and width of its base. Electroexcisions can not be performed endoscopically for polyps on a false pedicle (due to high risk of bleedings from the vessels of the submucous layer) and plaque-shaped polyps (due to the absence of possibility to put a diathermic loop).

[Status of T-system immunity in patients with chronic diseases and cancer of the gastrointestinal tract].

The study was concerned with the immunity status of the cellular system in cancer patients and cases of chronic gastrointestinal diseases. The investigation used both standard procedure of spontaneous rosette formation and its modifications which provide indirect evidence on the status of separate subpopulations of immunocompetent cells. A reduced level of lymphocytes which form rosettes with ovine erythrocytes was found in cases of chronic diseases.

[Use of the pepsinogen-pepsin test in examining persons at high risk of stomach cancer].

The paper deals with the description of a simple, time-saving and sufficiently precise procedure of determining the activity and level of pepsinogen-pepsin in the gastric juice of healthy subjects and those at high risk for stomach carcinoma by means of photography. The level of pepsinogen-pepsin in the gastric juice of stomach cancer patients is generally found to be very low or nil. A considerable drop in the enzyme's activity is also observed in cases of polyposis of gastric mucosa as well as in ana- and hypoacidic states.

[Cytological study potentials in the diagnosis of malignant stomach ulcers].

The role of cytologic assays in recognizing gastric ulcer malignant transformation is shown. Cytologic investigation should be considered to be obligatory in the complex examination of patients with chronic gastric ulcer. Patients with a cytological conlusion of "cancer" and "suspicion to cancer" even in negative histological findings should be re-examined thoroughly.

[Clinical x-ray and fibergastroscopic comparisons in the diagnosis of different forms of stomach cancer growth].

A radiological examination associated with fibergastroscopy was performed in 145 gastric cancer patients. All these patients were radically operated upon--extremely subtotal resection of the stomach was accomplished. The preoperative diagnosis of gastric cancer with both technics used simultaneously proved to be correct in 96.

[Endoscopic diagnosis of tumors of the esophagus].

The analysis of the data reported indicates that fibroesophagoscopy is a valuable adjunct in the diagnosis of esophageal cancer, which may be used both under stationary and outpatient conditions. The latter is of special importance for prophylactic examinations of high-risk group individuals. The possibility to establish histological and cytologic diagnosis by means of this method of investigation is essential for tactical aspects of the treatment in such patients.

[Radioisotope gastroscintigraphy in diagnosis of tumor and pretumor diseases of the stomach].

The results of isotope gastroscintigraphy, performed in 160 patients with tumor and pretumor diseases of the stomach, are reported. Based on a clinico-morphological estimation of gastroscintigraphic findings, it was found that in 115 (72%) patients the data of scanning coincided with the ultimate diagnosis. In 25 (16%) patients pseudopositive and in 20 (12%)--pseudonegative scannograms were obtained.

[Assessment of the findings of fibrogastroscopy with gastrobiopsy and determination of hexokinase activity in the serum and gastric juice of stomach ulcer patients].

To compare the results of fibrogastroscopic study and to determine the activity of hexokinase (HK) in gastric juice 113 persons were examined 89 of them having ulcerous disease. The control group comprised 24 healthy individuals. The data obtained indicated that in the control group the activity of HK was not found in any portion of the gastric juice.

[Results of 7,000 fibergastroscopies].

The authors report 7000 gastroscopic investigations for various gastric lesions. In ulcerous disease with localization of ulcer in the stomach fibrogastroscopy permitted establishing the precise diagnosis in 91.18% of cases, whereas roentgenological studies - in 78.