[Clinical forms of corneal abnormalities in atopic keratoconjunctivitis].

Atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) is presently considered as an individual nosological entity of ocular allergosis, which is associated with the systemic disease - atopic dermatitis. The clinical features of corneal lesions were studied in 40 patients with AKC. Those associated with the systemic pattern of an atopic process as a severe form of ocular allergosis were revealed.

[The antiallergic eye drops "polynadyme": development, experimental and clinical studies].

The antiallergic eye drops "Polynadyme", proposed by the Helmgolz Moscow Research Institute of Eye Diseases, have been prepared by the "Sintez" PJSC (Kurgan). The drops exert a combination of antihistaminic and vasoconstrictive effects and, for better tolerability, contain a low-toxic preserving complex. The drops are polymer-based, which ensures a long action and an artificial tear effect.

[Clinical forms of acanthamoeba keratitis as viewed from the standpoint of biomicroscopy and confocal microscopy].

Clinical cases of 60 patients with acanthamebic keratitis examined by biomicroscopy and of 22 patients largely examined by confocal microscopy are generalized. Acanthamebic keratitis is a slowly progressing infectious lesion of the cornea, which is caused by acanthamebas freely residing in soil and water. Contaminated contact lenses are the key risk factor.

[Levofloxacin (Tavanic) in the treatment of corneal ulcers].

The main clinical forms of cornea ulcers were systematized and high efficacy of levofloxacin in the treatment of bacterial ulcer of the cornea was shown. In the treatment of several bacterial affections of the eye the systemic use of levofloxacin should be combined with local antibiotic therapy. Combination of levofloxacin with ophthalmic drops of lomefloxacin (okacin) or ofloxacin (floxal) proved to be efficient.

[The state-of-the art and prospects for the pharmacological therapy of infectious and allergic eye diseases].

The inflammatory, infectious and allergic diseases of the eye still remain an acute problem in practical ophthalmology due to their high prevalence, relapsing clinical course, a growing frequency rate of mycotic and acanthoamebic keratitis and a growing number of resistant causative agents of bacterial keratitis. 55.3% of corneal pathologies are related with the herpes simplex virus, 37.

[New modification of autoconjunctival plastic surgery in urgent corneal surgery].

A new modification of plastic repair of deep defects of the cornea was performed: autoconjunctival plasty of the cornea with a flap on a pedicle with its rigid fixation in the corneal bed. The operation was carried out in 30 patients with infectious, trophic, and autoimmune involvement of the cornea, 24 of these with perforation of the cornea. The patients were observed for 1 year after the operation.

[Prevalence and clinical significance of active cytomegalovirus infection in patients with inflammatory ophthalmopathy].

A total of 374 patients with different inflammatory diseases of the eyes were examined (227 children and 147 adults). For detecting active cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, sera were tested for antibodies to nonstructural intact CMV proteins. Antibodies were detected in 26 of 147 adults (17.

[New aspects in drug therapy of ocular allergies].

Ophthalmic allergoses belong to highly prevalent ocular diseases. According to the records of the first center of allergic diseases of the eye set up in 1971 at Helmholtz Institute of Ocular Diseases in Moscow, the most prevalent clinical forms are seasonal pollenosis conjunctivitis, drug allergies, spring keratoconjunctivitis, large-papillary conjunctivitis, chronic allergic conjunctivitis, allergy associated with the "dry eye" syndrome, atopic keratoconjunctivitis, and ocular involvement in systemic immune diseases. Therapy of ocular allergies is based on the three main principles: removal of the allergen responsible for disease, immunotherapy, and symptomatic drug therapy.

[Therapeutic algorithms in infectious ulcers of cornea].

Based on the experience gained at Department of Infections and Allergic Diseases of the Eyes and recent publications, the author proposes protocols of drug therapy of the major infectious ulcerative diseases of the cornea: herpetic ulcer, ulcer caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, gonococci, staphylococci, fungi, and acanthamedian keratitis. The authors emphasizes that the treatment of ulcers of the cornea should be complex, including specific therapy (corresponding to the identified agent or the agent most probable as judged from the clinical picture) and pathogenetic therapy (metabolic, antiallergic, antiinflammatory, immunomodulating, hypotensive). If corneal ulcer is rapidly recognized and forced therapy started, good results can be attained even in such a fulminant infection as those caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa or gonococci.

[Locferon: new eyedrops for treatment eye adenoviral diseases].

Locferon, interferon eyedrops, was used in the treatment of adenovirus diseases of the eyes in 68 patients. The results demonstrated the advantages of locferon over interferon. The drug was highly effective and duration of treatment decreased; it was well tolerated and caused no side effects or toxic allergic reactions.

[Vitasic magnetophoresis in the treatment of primary reticular corneal dystrophy].

Sixty-six patients (132 eyes) with hereditary reticular corneal dystrophy were treated by instillations of taufon and vitasik eyedrops and by vitasik magnetophoresis. Time course of clinical symptoms and visual acuity is compared. Vitasik is better tolerated and its therapeutic effect is higher than that of taufon.

[Lomefloxacin in treatment of infectious eye diseases].

The data on the use of the difluoroquinolone lomefloxacin in the treatment of ocular infections such as bacterial conjunctivitis and keratitis, ulcer of the cornea, uveitis, gonococcal and chlamydial conjunctivitis are presented.

[Alomide eyedrops in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis and keratoconjunctivitis].

New drug lodoxamine (alomide) opens new vistas in the treatment of allergic diseases of the eyes highly prevalent both in adults and children. This drug prevents release of mast cell mediators and delays eosinophil migration to conjunctival and corneal tissue, thus exerting a spectrum of antiallergic effects. Clinical studies carried out in 170 patients demonstrated a high efficacy of alomide in the treatment of subacute and chronic pollenosis conjunctivitis, spring keratoconjunctivitis, multiple and toxic allergic keratitis, and other allergic conjunctivities.

[Use of monoclonal antibodies in the diagnosis of ophthalmic chlamydiosis].

A total of 168 patients with various ocular diseases were tested for Chlamydia. Scrapings off the conjunctiva were examined by the fluorescent antibody technique with monoclonal antibodies. A high diagnostic efficacy of the method in patients with acute and, which is even more important, with the subacute form of ophthalmic chlamydiasis was demonstrated.

[Eye ointments eubetal and colbiocin in the treatment of chlamydial conjunctivitis].

The above ointments were used for local treatment of chlamydial conjunctivitis in 325 patients. The results demonstrated their high efficacy, good tolerance, advantages over tetracycline ointment, and absence to toxic allergic reactions.

[Development of carnosine eyedrops and assessing their efficacy in corneal diseases].

Stable eye drops of 5% carnosine have been developed. Trials of the drug on mice, rats, rabbits, and dogs showed it to be well tolerated at both total and local levels. In animals the eye drops did not affect the diameter of the pupil, nor did they increase the intraocular pressure.

[Laser puncture combined with drug therapy in the treatment of primary corneal stromal dystrophy].

A protocol of multiple-modality treatment has been developed, making use of laser puncture by stimulating infrared laser and drugs-aqueous 4% taufon and polygluquine taufon and artificial tears. The treatment proved to be highly effective: vision acuity stabilized, lacrimal production increased, and erosive cornea epithelialized.

[The use of ocular drug films of propolis in the sequelae of ophthalmic herpes].

There was studied the therapeutic efficiency of ocular medical propolis films (OMF) in 35 patients with postherpetic trophic keratitis and in 20 with postherpetic nebula. OMF were applied behind the lower eyelid at bedtime during 10-15 days. All the patients endured the propolis films well.