[Choice of treatment mode in planned inguinal canal plasty].

The mainstay of inguinal hernias surgical treatment is posterior wall of inguinal canal plasty. On the basis of extensive clinical material individual approach to the choice of inguinal canal plasty mode was worked out taking into account the age of the patient and degree of posterior wall destruction. Results of 1506 planned herniotomies (867 single-layer plasties, 398 Shouldice multi-layer plasties, 162 Lichtenstein plasties) were evaluated.

[Results of Shuldays' surgery in elective and urgent surgery].

Results of treatment of inguinal hernias with multilayer plastic reconstruction (PR) according to Shuldays in elective and urgent surgery are analyzed. Advantages of multilayer PR are evaluated. In long-term period (up to 3 years) recurrences were seen in 0.

[Treatment of calculous cholecystitis and its complications].

Results of treatment of 10,724 patients with different forms of acute and chronic cholecystitis are analyzed. Surgical treatment was performed in 7819 (72.9%) patients.

[Ultrasound diagnosis of acute appendicitis].

The possibilities of ultrasonic examination in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis are analysed. The ultrasonic parameters are systematized on the basis of examination of 76 patients with various forms of acute inflammation of the vermiform process and of 16 healthy individuals. Exosemeiotics of acute appendicitis is presented.

[Laparoscopy in the differential diagnosis of acute abdomen].

The work analyses the results of emergency laparoscopy in 4,730 patients with acute surgical pathology of the abdominal organs. There were 26.3% of males and 73.

[Basic principles of treatment for patients with acute pancreatitis].

The results of treatment of 1,320 patients with acute pancreatitis were analysed, 460 of them had the destructive form of the disease. The high significance of multicomponent etiopathogenetic treatment is demonstrated. The importance of etiotropic treatment with the application of endoscopic interventions, as well as treatment with cytostatics is emphasized.

[Morphofunctional aspects in surgery of chronic pancreatitis].

On the basis of 15-year experience in the treatment of patients with chronic pancreatitis, among which 236 patients underwent operation, the authors describe the examination scheme and discuss the indications and various methods for treatment of the disease. Particular attention is bestowed upon morphological changes of the pancreas, including ultrastructural analysis, as well as on the study of the functional condition by evaluation of the pure pancreatic secretions. The importance of the extrasecretory function of the pancreas in choosing the method of direct intervention on the organ is shown.

[Outcome of treatment of incarcerated hernia].

Experience in surgical treatment of 632 patients for incarcerated hernias of different localization is analysed. The patients' ages ranged from 39 to 91, 448 (70.9%) patients were over 60 years of age.

[Pathologic changes of major duodenal papilla in biliopancreatic diseases].

The condition of the major duodenal papilla and the periampullary region was studied in 1,113 patients with diseases of the biliary tract and pancreas. In 88.6% of cases complex examination revealed various pathological changes which were considered to be important etiological factors of the development of the diseases.

[The ultrasonic diagnosis of choledocholithiasis].

The results of examination and treatment of 162 patients with clinically suspected choledocholithiasis were analysed. The high significance of ultrasonic examination in the diagnosis of a calculous nature of the affection of the biliary tree with a record of its echosemeiotics is shown. The wide use of ultrasonic examination yields better information.

[Surgical tactics in peptic ulcer hemorrhage].

The article discusses the results of treatment of 256 patients with gastroduodenal hemorrhages. The routine actively temporizing strategy was employed in the treatment of the first group of patients. The total mortality in the group was 13%, postoperative one, 33%.

[Surgical tactics in mechanical jaundice].

On the basis of complex examination and treatment of 167 patients with obstructive jaundice of various etiology, the authors suggest a differentiated approach to the choice of the volume, method, and duration of detoxification therapy as well as the time and volume of an operative intervention. The necessity of preoperative correction of cholestasis by nonoperative measures and instrumental methods of decompression of the biliary tract is substantiated. It is shown that intraarterial regional infusion therapy must be applied in patients whose condition is most serious.

[Nonorganic retroperitoneal tumors].

The possibilities of various methods of examination in 22 patients with nonorganic retroperitoneal tumors were evaluated on the basis of complex diagnosis. The importance of ultrasonic examination for determining the tactics of the management of patients is shown. The method improves the results of examination of patients with nonorganic retroperitoneal tumors and allows the volume of radio-endoscopic studies to be reduced.

[Surgical results in recurrent inguinal hernias].

Remote results of 213 operations for recurrent inguinal hernias are analyzed. Repeated recurrences were noted in 58 patients (27.2%).

[Tactics in the management of patients with mechanical jaundice].

On the basis of examination of 320 patients with mechanical jaundice the authors recommend to begin the examination by performing retrograde cholangiopancreatography and if necessary to add transcutaneous transhepatic cholangiography. In all the cases an attempt should be made to resolve the jaundice before operation by means of nasobiliary drainage of bile ducts, endoscopic papillotomy, transhepatic cholangiostomy. In aggravating nonresolved jaundice the examination and attempts to resolve the jaundice by conservative measures should not take more than 4-5 days.