[Psychophysiological mechanisms of formation and development of functional states].

The modern approaches to the problem of formation and development of human functional states was presented. Described grounded theoretical results of experimental studies of the concept of "pattern of functional state" as a description of the functional state in terms of the characteristics of the activity of functional systems to ensure its formation and development in accordance with the dominant. Presented the characteristics of patterns of functional states, determining the reliability of human activities in extreme conditions.

[Medical and psychological prediction of professional readiness of graduates of military school].

The authors propose a method for assessing the professional readiness of graduates of military educational institution, taking into account academic performance, the results of sociometric surveys, data on the professional fitness and health. The high efficiency of the developed method for predicting successful adaptation of graduates to serve in the armed forces is showed.

[Meta-analysis of the cumulative effects of piloting G-loads on the cervical vertebrae].

On the data of meta-analysis performed in 10 independent Russian and international studies of the cumulative effects of piloting g-loads on functioning of the vertebral column cervical segment, the conclusion has been made concerning a statistically significant linkage between the degenerative dystrophic diseases of the vertebral column and regular exposure to the +Gz loads.

[Methods of synthesizing the index of an operator's psychophysiological stress].

The paper presents a procedure for synthesizing the psychophysiological stress that may be used to solve a wide range of problems associated with the control of an operator's professional skills in relation to his/her individual response to working conditions, nature, and results of activities.

[Current aspects of creation of expert systems in aviation medicine].

Topical directions of developing the medical expert systems (MES) are considered. The problems to be solved by using programming and informational means as part of MES are discussed. A classification of the knowledge of expert physicians who directly deal with decision making is proposed.

[Methods and software of the assessment of risk of untoward outcome after exposure to critical occupational factors].

The authors discuss a problem of expert PC systems helpful in evaluation of lower performance of operators exposed to extreme factors of the environment. Those extreme factors are exemplified by increased G-factor during maneuver flights. Some empirical principles obtained by means of trials on the real and half-real testing units helped to design mathematic tools to evaluate risk of pilots' subconsciousness episodes, so a criterion scale of the subconsciousness risk is suggested.

[Method of assessing the functional state of the human body].

The article demonstrates an algorithm to evaluate functional state of operators exposed to ecologic hazards. The evaluation of the functional state includes analysis of the heart rhythm registered for 2 minutes. The functional state is assessed through an Indicator of Regulatory Systems Activity (IRSA), obtained by summation of all the values in modulus.

[Evaluation of adaptation of animals to hypoxic hypoxia by the multiple regression method].

White mice were exposed to hypoxic hypoxia during 30 days. In the study a correlation between the altitude ceiling and various physiological parameters (body weight, body temperature variations in response to a cold stress (5 degrees C), hemoglobin content, coefficients of adaptive oxygen consumption determined as the ratio of oxygen consumption at 6000 m to that at sea level (K1) and the ratio of oxygen consumption in hypoxic environment to that in a normoxic atmosphere (K2) was established. The data obtained allow the conclusion that the multiple regression method can be used for measuring objectively the tension of regulatory systems and for discriminating stages of animal adaptation to hypoxic hypoxia.

[Dynamics of the blood circulatory indices in the crew of the Saliut space station in a functional test under physical load].

On the 4th, 9th, 16th and 21st days of the "Salyut" mission the crewmembers performed exercises with a load of about 1100 kgm. The results were compared with those obtained on the Earth. Immediately after the tests the crewmembers showed an increased heart rate and greater changes in the diastolic and pulse pressure, cardiac output and left ventricular ejection time.

[Change in the hemodynamics and phase structure of the cardiac cycle in the crew of the 2d "Saliut-4" expedition].

Medical examinations of the Salyut-4 crewmembers included bicycle ergometry tests. During the tests the heart rate and the time intervals of the left ventricle were measured. On the 46th flight day the arterial pressure, cardiac output and peripheral resistance were also determined.