[Effect of insulin on lipid peroxidation in the erythrocyte membranes of patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus].

The spin-probe techniques has been used to study insulin-membranes interaction in erythrocytes by insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. The lipid peroxidation has been initiated by FeSO4-ascorbate. It was found the insulin defend the lipids in control by peroxidation, but no effect in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus erythrocytes.

[Average daily values of the isotopic carbon composition in expired air and urea in human urine in normal states and in some endocrine disorders].

Daily average carbon isotope composition of CO2 of expired air and urine urea in patients being in different hormonal-metabolic states was determined. The observations were carried out under conditions of clinic to provide standard diet, and the same daily and food taking regimes. In all persons, a substantial increase enrichment in 12C of CO2 of expired air (by 3-6%) and 13C of urine urea (by 3-5%) relative to carbon of food was revealed.

[Short-period oscillations of isotopic carbon in CO2 from expired air in different human functional states].

The examination of diurnal variations in carbon isotope composition of CO2 under different hormonal-metabolic states in man revealed short-period inphase oscillations with a period of about 2-3 h. The oscillations occur throughout 24 h and their period is little dependent on the functional state of the organism. In endocrine pathologies, substantial differences in oscillation amplitude are observed.

[Mechanisms of functional disorders of the membrane receptor apparatus in pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus].

Studies of membrane receptor system in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus revealed that insulin resistance in pregnant patients with type I diabetes is caused by disordered cellular sensitivity to threshold physiological and submaximal insulin doses, whereas the maximal doses of the hormone normalize glucose consumption by the cells. High insulin doses intensify lipid peroxidation, normalize the status of membranous proteins, reduce the number of thiol groups, reduce AOA level in membranes, and, hence, reduce membranous capacity to bind active peroxide radicals. Structural and functional changes in red cell membranes are associated with reduced affinity of insulin receptors, reduction in the number of insulin-binding sites in membranes, this disordering intracellular effects of insulin.

[Recording of surface potential changes in erythrocyte membranes from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus using a spin probe method].

Changes in surface potential of erythrocyte membranes were studied by a positively charged analog as a spin probe. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients demonstrated a significant increase (by 16 +/- 2.0 mV) in negative surface potential as compared to the control.

[Daily changes in the carbon isotope composition of CO2 in expired air of persons with various metabolic disorders].

Daily variations of the aspiration CO2 carbon isotope content (CIC) were studied at three metabolic states: norm, insulin-dependent diabetes (IDD), and obesity. The groups of subjects were studied in a clinic during 24 hours. Analysis of the delta 13C daily curves of the exhaled air CO2 allowed us to find the link between variations of CIC with daily rhythms in the organism and with metabolic shifts at IDD and obesity.

[Fetoplacental hormone complex measurements to predict fetal and neonatal viability in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus].

A dynamic follow-up of 79 pregnant patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was carried out. Specific fetoplacental hormonal profiles were detected and analyzed in complex with glycemic levels, this permitting the authors obtain new prognostic criteria of fetal and newborn viability. The results helped optimize the policy of following up such patients and the developed prediction regulations allowed preventive measures aimed at improvement of the future baby health status to be carried out before clinical manifestation of fetal intrauterine suffering.

[The determination of microalbuminuria by immunoenzyme analysis].

The authors have defined the optimal conditions for inhibitory type enzyme immunoassay of microalbuminuria. The range of albumin detection is 30 to 250 micrograms/ml. The optimal time of antigen binding with antibody is 45 min, the lower threshold level of albumin detection 0.

[Structural changes in erythrocyte membranes in diabetes mellitus using spin labelled fatty acids].

Microviscosity and polarity of erythrocyte membranes of the blood of patients suffering from diabetes were studied by ESR using spin-labeled fatty acids. Structural changes were discovered 0.6-0.

[Hormonal-metabolic disorders in children with diabetes mellitus in the preclinical stage of diabetic retinopathy].

A relationship was established between alterations in vessels of the fundus of the eye and diabetes mellitus standing, the character of metabolic disorders, hereditary load with regard to cardiovascular diseases. The risk factors of the development of the preclinical stage of diabetic retinopathy are as follows: hereditary load with regard to cardiovascular diseases, parship, an increase of the content of lactate, a reduction of the content of 2,3-diphosphoglycerophosphate, a rise of the content of glycosylated hemoglobin, high content of cholesterol esters in red blood cell membranes, of free cholesterol and malonic dialdehyde in blood serum, a decline of the level of phospholipids and a rise of cardiolipin content in red blood cell membranes, and increase of blood serum cortisol.

[Effect of glucagon and short-term fasting on the interrelationship of cellular and humoral immune responses].

The effect of subcutaneous administration of 25 micrograms/kg of glucagon and 2-day fasting (as a natural model of hyperglucagonemia) on the accumulation of antibody-forming splenocytes and the expression of a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction (DTHR) in response to intraperitoneal immunization with sheep erythrocytes at various doses were studied in experiments on random-bred albino mice. A suppressing effect of the hormone on antibody genesis at optimum doses and its stimulating effect at suboptimum doses were revealed. The latter effect took place against a background of DTHR suppression.

[Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus among children in the USSR].

The paper is concerned with the data on the epidemiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in children in the USSR. The incidence of IDDM including that revealed for the first time was analyzed in the republics of the USSR, some regions per 100,000 childhood population in 1985-1988. The causes of different tendencies in the incidence of IDDM in children of some ethnographic regions of the USSR are discussed.

[The role of thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents].

The follow-up of children and adolescents (n-41) suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus has demonstrated that the increase of the thromboxane/prostacyclin ratio pointing to the derangement of microcirculatory regulation occurs during the decompensation phase of the disease and is a risk factor of the development of diabetic complications. The revealed disorders of arachidonic acid metabolism may be one of the causes of the tendency towards decrease of pulse arterial pressure in grave diabetes mellitus.

[Hormonal regulation of glycemia and metabolic adaptation of newborn babies with intrauterine hypotrophy].

The content of hormones that regulate carbohydrate metabolism was studied during the early neonatal period in 80 full-term neonates with intrauterine hypotrophy. Early application to the breast (2 to 6 hours after the birth) was shown to promote the normalization of the hormonal content. The levels of blood serum C-peptide in the newborn depend on the degree of the rise of the mother's body weight during pregnancy and the presence of toxicosis.

[Ecology and health status of children in rural areas endemic for goiter].

After the first examinations made in 1960-1972 the endemic area of the Saratov region was re-examined in order to study over time the children's health status, to estimate the tension of goiter endemic and the biogeochemical characteristics of the area. Relative iodine deficiency and unbalance of trace elements in the environment were ascertained. Considerable prevalence of thyroid hyperplasia, stages I-II, II (50.