[Effect of protein load on kidney functions in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis].

Aim: To study changes in renal function in response to protein loads in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) who have normal renal function and initial uremia.

Material And Methods: 63 CGN patients were divided into two groups: 40 patients of group 1 (17 males, 23 females, age 16-53 years, plasma creatinine-Pcr < 0.132 mmol/l); 23 patients of group 2 (10 males, 13 females, age 18-57 years, Pcr > 0.

[Effects of different variants of low-protein diet on progression of chronic renal failure and indices of nutritional status in predialysis stage].

Aim: To investigate effects of different variants of low-protein diet (LPD) (standard and with soy bean protein isolates) on inhibition of chronic renal failure (CRF) progression and prevention of protein-energy insufficiency in predialysis patients.

Materials And Methods: 150 patients with CRF were divided into three groups 50 patients each. Group 1 patients were given combined LPD with addition of soy bean isolate (0.

[The reaction of the kidneys and acid-base and osmotic homeostasis to moderate physical exertion in patients with chronic pyelonephritis in the pre-azotemia period].

Bicycle ergometry (BE) up to submaximal heart rate provoked moderate metabolic acidosis in 52 patients with chronic pyelonephritis (CP) in preuremic stage. Similar changes in acid-base balance following BE were noted in 14 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN). BE in CP promoted the reduction in diuresis and fraction water excretion, elevation of creatinine concentration in the urine and its concentration index in the absence of alterations in sodium and osmotic homeostasis.

[The problems in optimizing the delivery of general therapeutic care at the regional level during the transition to compulsory medical insurance].

The authors hold that perfection of local therapeutic service in present-day situation when insurance principles are introduced in medical care may be achieved through design of medico-economic standards of guaranteed minimum of medical aid for each citizen of Russian Federation. This approach allows accurate estimation of required personnel and equipment. The standards should not replace the principle of individual approach to each case.

[An evaluation of the relationships between the ionic and osmotic secretory capacities of the kidneys and interstitial medullary edema in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis].

Ion- and osmoregulatory capacity of the kidneys under induced water diuresis have been investigated in 100 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) with reference to CGN clinical and morphological variants. An independent morphologist conducted a blind assessment of the results obtained at semiquantitative light morphometry of the renal medullary interstitial edema. According to an original formula, the morphometric index of the renal medullary edema was transformed into the index of the effective medullary edema (EME).

[Boundary potentials of lipid membranes in the presence of 1-anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonate ions].

Boundary and zeta potentials induced by ANS adsorption in dioleoyl lecithin membranes were measured using three methods, namely: inner membrane field compensation, measurements of carrier-mediated membrane conductance and microelectrophoresis. The changes of boundary potentials due to ANS adsorption recorded by the first two methods were the same and did not depend on the ionic strength of aqueous solutions. On the contrary, the values of zeta potentials were smaller as compared with the boundary potentials, and depended on the ionic strength.

[Theory of hydrophobic ion adsorption in bilayer lipid membranes taking into account their lateral interaction and charge discreteness].

A relationship was calculated between the number of adsorbed hydrophobic ions and the potential created by them in BLM and concentrations of these ions in solution, ionic strength in solution, the value of the membrane charge and the potential dipole shift on the BLM surface. It was assumed in the model under consideration that the ion adsorption plane was located at some depth inside the membrane, the discrete nature of the ions, their possible lateral interaction and existence of various adsorption centres in the membrane being taken into account.

[Adsorption of 1-anilino-3-naphthalenesulfonate on bilayer lipid membranes].

A study has been made of the dependence of a membrane potential produced by adsorbed ANS anions on their bulk concentration, on the ionic strength of the solution, on the magnitude of charge and dipole potential drop at the bilayer surface. Measurements have been made on artificial planar membranes of various composition by the inner field compensation method. On membranes of neutral lipids the ionic strength dependence was absent, while on charged BLM an increase in ionic strength resulted in a parallel shift of the potential dependence on ANS bulk concentration.

[Kinetics of the reaction between hemoglobin and carbon monoxide. III. Existence of conformationally unequal Hb molecules during the process of CO binding and dissociation].

The experimental data concerning CO binding to Hb in linear kinetic experiments were compared with theoretical results obtained earlier for several models. The results indicate that during the processes of CO binding and dissociation there appears Hb and HbCO molecules in out-or equilibrium conformational states. The dissociation effective rate constants for these HbCO molecules, formed from Hb molecules in equilibrium conformational state are kdiss greater than or equal to 5.

[Kinetics of reactions between hemoglobin and carbon monoxide. II. Analysis of kinetic schemes in linear approximation].

The kinetics of hemoglobin (Hb) reactions with carbon monoxide were calculated for a number of classical schemes: with one, two, four binding sites and an allosteric scheme with T- and R-conformers. The developed theory predicts the existence of only one relaxation time for every scheme the values of which depends on the velocity constants, saturation degree and the Hb concentration.

[Kinetics of the reaction of hemoglobin with carbon monoxide. I. Relaxation measurements during photolytic illumination].

The relaxation curves in HbCO solutions to steady 1 and equilibrium 2 states were investigated at different temperatures and photolytic illumination intensities I. It was observed that in case of low I they were of identical shape and had more than one relaxation time. Increase of I leads to changes in the "tails" of curves 1 and in the initial parts of curves 2; the shape of curves 2 becomes simpler.

[Photodissociation of carboxyhemoglobin with different degrees of saturation].

The graphical method is suggested and treated for obtaining of the binding curves in photodissociation conditions. Some kinetic properties of photolisis of HbCO are discussed in connection with sharp increase of free gase concentration in solution.

[Letter: Hemoglobin equilibrium with carbon monoxide in conditions of incomplete photodissociation].

Change of human hemoglobin equilibrium with CO was studied during short-term illumination. The change of the saturation curve of Hb is discussed taking into account an increase of free gase concentration in solution accompaniing the photodissociation.